Anxiety Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Panic attacks

Answer

Excessive and uncontrollable worry

Answer

Muscle tension or restlessness

Answer

Difficulty falling or staying asleep

Question 2

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy used to treat anxiety disorders. Which of the following is a technique used in CBT for panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Gradual exposure to feared situations

Answer

Challenging negative thoughts and beliefs

Answer

Mindfulness meditation techniques

Answer

Medication

Question 3

Which type of anxiety disorder is characterized by sudden, unanticipated panic attacks?

Accepted Answer

Panic disorder

Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Answer

Social anxiety disorder

Answer

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Question 4

What is the primary distinction between GAD and panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

GAD involves ongoing, excessive worry, while panic disorder involves discrete panic attacks.

Answer

Panic disorder is more common in men, while GAD is more prevalent in women.

Answer

GAD has a sudden onset, while panic disorder develops gradually.

Answer

There is no significant difference between GAD and panic disorder.

Question 5

Which of the following is a common symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Excessive worry

Accepted Answer

Muscle tension

Accepted Answer

Difficulty sleeping

Answer

Panic attacks

Question 6

Which of the following is a distinctive symptom of generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Persistent, excessive worry and apprehension

Answer

Sudden and recurrent panic attacks

Answer

Obsessive thoughts and ritualistic behaviors

Answer

Phobic avoidance of specific objects or situations

Question 7

Panic disorder is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Unexpected, intense episodes of fear accompanied by physical symptoms

Answer

Unrelenting worry about everyday situations

Answer

Repetitive attempts to suppress intrusive thoughts

Answer

Avoidance of certain objects or situations due to fear

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for developing an anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Positive life experiences

Answer

Genetic predisposition

Answer

Chronic physical illness

Answer

Personality traits

Question 9

A distinctive characteristic of phobias is:

Accepted Answer

Intense fear of specific objects or situations

Answer

Compulsive rituals aimed at reducing distress

Answer

Intrusive thoughts related to dirt or contamination

Answer

Excessive preoccupation with one's body and appearance

Question 10

In the treatment of anxiety disorders, what is the primary function of medication?

Accepted Answer

To reduce symptoms and enhance functionality

Answer

To permanently cure the disorder

Answer

To provide a long-term solution

Answer

To prevent future episodes of anxiety

Question 11

Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Excessive and persistent worry and tension

Answer

Recurrent panic attacks

Answer

Avoidance of social situations

Answer

Obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a cognitive factor that can contribute to anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Positive self-affirmations and self-encouragement

Answer

Negative self-talk and self-criticism

Answer

Catastrophizing and overestimating danger

Answer

Attention bias towards threat-related information

Question 13

Which neurotransmitter system is primarily implicated in the regulation of anxiety?

Accepted Answer

GABA

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 14

What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

To challenge and modify maladaptive thoughts and behaviors

Answer

To reduce the frequency and severity of panic attacks

Answer

To develop relaxation techniques for managing anxiety

Answer

To prescribe medication to alleviate anxiety symptoms

Question 15

How does avoidance contribute to the maintenance of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

It reinforces fear by preventing individuals from confronting their fears

Answer

It helps individuals to cope effectively with anxiety-provoking situations

Answer

It has no significant influence on the persistence of anxiety

Answer

It can lead to the development of new anxiety disorders

Question 16

Which class of medication is commonly used as a first-line treatment for panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Antidepressants

Question 17

What is the key distinction between specific phobias and social anxiety disorder (SAD)?

Accepted Answer

Specific phobias involve a fear of specific objects or situations, while SAD involves a fear of social situations

Answer

SAD involves fear of social situations, while specific phobias do not

Answer

Individuals with SAD experience panic attacks more frequently than those with specific phobias

Answer

There is no significant difference between specific phobias and SAD

Question 18

Which research method is most appropriate for evaluating the effectiveness of a new treatment for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Controlled experiment

Answer

Case study

Answer

Naturalistic observation

Answer

Survey

Question 19

What are key ethical considerations that researchers must address when conducting studies on anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent, confidentiality, and minimizing harm to participants

Answer

Bias, anonymity, and data storage

Answer

Reliability, validity, and generalizability

Answer

Replication, sampling, and research design

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Panic attacks

Answer

Excessive worry

Answer

Muscle tension

Answer

Racing thoughts

Question 21

What is a key difference between panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Panic disorder involves sudden, unexpected panic attacks, while GAD is more chronic and persistent.

Answer

Panic disorder is more severe than GAD.

Answer

GAD involves more physical symptoms than panic disorder.

Answer

There is no significant difference between panic disorder and GAD.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a biological factor implicated in the development of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Early childhood attachment

Answer

Genetic predisposition

Answer

Neurotransmitter imbalances

Answer

Prefrontal cortex hypoactivity

Question 23

What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

To identify and challenge unhelpful thought patterns and behaviours

Answer

To prescribe medication

Answer

To provide emotional support

Answer

To build coping mechanisms

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of a behavioural technique used in CBT for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Gradual exposure to feared situations

Answer

Mindfulness meditation

Answer

Medication management

Answer

Psychoanalysis

Question 25

What is the primary objective of practicing relaxation techniques in managing anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Inducing a state of relaxation, reducing physiological arousal, and promoting a sense of calm

Answer

To challenge negative thoughts and beliefs

Question 26

Which of the following is a common behavioral symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Excessive worry and rumination

Answer

Panic attacks

Answer

Obsessive thoughts

Answer

Compulsive behaviors

Question 27

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders primarily focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Identifying and challenging negative thought patterns and behaviors

Answer

Exposing individuals to feared situations

Answer

Administering medication

Answer

Providing emotional support

Question 28

What is the main difference between a panic attack and a generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Panic attacks involve sudden, intense fear, while GAD involves persistent, more generalized anxiety

Answer

GAD is characterized by physical symptoms, while panic attacks are not

Answer

Panic attacks can lead to GAD, but not vice versa

Answer

There is no difference between panic attacks and GAD

Question 29

What is the term for the excessive and persistent fear of a specific object or situation?

Accepted Answer

Phobia

Answer

Obsession

Answer

Compulsion

Answer

Delusion

Question 30

What is the aim of exposure therapy for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

To gradually expose individuals to their feared stimuli and reduce avoidance

Answer

To provide emotional support and reassurance

Answer

To alter negative thought patterns

Answer

To administer medication to suppress anxiety

Question 31

Which of the following is a distinctive characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Accepted Answer

Persistent and intrusive thoughts or images that cause anxiety

Answer

Excessive worry and apprehension about specific thoughts or situations

Answer

Intense fear of being contaminated or harming others

Answer

Difficulty concentrating and memory problems

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Panic attacks

Answer

Excessive worry

Answer

Muscle tension

Answer

Difficulty sleeping

Question 33

According to the cognitive model of anxiety, what is a primary cause of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Unhelpful thinking patterns and beliefs

Answer

Faulty brain chemistry

Answer

Overactive imagination

Answer

Childhood trauma

Question 34

Which type of therapy has been found to be particularly effective for Panic Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer

Psychoanalysis

Answer

Exposure therapy

Answer

Psychodynamic therapy

Question 35

What is the primary goal of cognitive restructuring in the treatment of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Challenge and change negative thoughts

Answer

Develop more positive coping mechanisms

Answer

Reduce the intensity of anxiety symptoms

Answer

Improve self-esteem

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT considered an anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Depression

Answer

Phobia

Answer

Panic Disorder

Answer

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Question 37

According to the behavioral model of anxiety, what is a primary cause of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Classical conditioning

Answer

Operant conditioning

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Cognitive distortions

Question 38

Core Symptom of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Which of the following is a defining symptom of GAD?

Accepted Answer

Persistent worry

Answer

Panic attacks

Answer

Compulsions

Answer

Phobias

Question 39

Neurotransmitter in Panic Disorder: Which neurotransmitter system is strongly implicated in the development of panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Noradrenaline

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

GABA

Answer

Serotonin

Question 40

Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for Anxiety: What is a fundamental component of CBT for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Challenging negative thought patterns

Answer

Applying relaxation techniques

Answer

Prescribing medication

Answer

Implementing hypnosis

Question 41

Non-Risk Factor for Anxiety Disorders: Which of the following is not a potential risk factor for developing an anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Healthy nutrition

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Trauma

Answer

High stress levels

Question 42

Pharmacological Treatment for Panic Disorder: Which type of medication is commonly used in the treatment of panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Answer

Anti-anxiety medications

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Mood stabilizers

Question 43

Exposure Therapy for Anxiety: What is a crucial aspect of exposure therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Exposure to feared triggers

Answer

Gradual exposure to safe situations

Answer

Interaction with supportive individuals

Answer

Engaging in relaxing activities

Question 44

Distinguishing Feature between GAD and Panic Disorder: What is a key difference between generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Presence of panic attacks

Answer

Length of symptoms

Answer

Severity of cognitive distortions

Answer

Frequency of avoidance behaviors

Question 45

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Excessive and persistent worry

Answer

Sudden and intense panic attacks

Answer

Avoidance of social situations

Answer

Marked fear of heights

Question 46

Which neurotransmitter is primarily implicated in the pathophysiology of panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

GABA

Question 47

What is the primary focus of cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Identifying and changing negative thought patterns

Answer

Developing coping mechanisms

Answer

Reducing anxiety symptoms

Answer

Enhancing self-esteem

Question 48

What is the psychological principle underlying exposure and response prevention therapy for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Habituation

Answer

Operant conditioning

Answer

Cognitive restructuring

Answer

Relaxation techniques

Question 49

Which of the following is a central feature of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

Accepted Answer

Excessive and uncontrollable worry about a range of everyday events and activities

Answer

Uncontrollable panic attacks that occur unpredictably

Answer

Intense fear of specific objects or situations

Answer

Repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce anxiety

Question 50

Cognitive therapy for anxiety disorders often incorporates which technique?

Accepted Answer

Challenging and restructuring distorted or negative thoughts and beliefs

Answer

Gradually exposing individuals to feared situations

Answer

Teaching relaxation and stress-management techniques

Answer

Encouraging the avoidance of anxiety-provoking situations

Question 51

What is the primary aim of exposure therapy for anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

To gradually expose individuals to anxiety-provoking situations in a controlled and supportive environment

Answer

To administer medication to suppress physiological responses to anxiety

Answer

To equip individuals with coping mechanisms for managing anxiety

Answer

To encourage individuals to withdraw from situations that trigger anxiety

Question 52

What is the primary objective of pharmacological interventions in the treatment of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

To alleviate symptoms of anxiety and panic

Answer

To provide a long-term cure for anxiety disorders

Answer

To serve as a substitute for psychological therapy

Answer

To increase tolerance to anxiety-provoking situations

Question 53

Which type of anxiety disorder is characterized by an intense fear of social situations?

Accepted Answer

Social phobia

Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer

Panic disorder

Answer

Obsessive-compulsive disorder