Mood Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Question 1

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is primarily used to treat which of the following mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Borderline personality disorder

Answer

Major depressive disorder

Answer

Bipolar disorder

Answer

Schizoaffective disorder

Question 2

Bipolar disorder is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Alternating periods of depression and mania or hypomania

Answer

Persistent sadness and low energy

Answer

Exaggerated beliefs and behaviors

Answer

Hallucinations and disorganized thinking

Question 3

What is the primary goal of treatment for mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Improving overall functioning

Answer

Eliminating symptoms completely

Answer

Preventing relapse

Answer

Exploring underlying psychological causes

Question 4

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is primarily used to treat which condition?

Accepted Answer

Severe, treatment-resistant depression

Answer

Bipolar disorder

Answer

Anxiety disorders

Answer

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

Question 5

Which of the following statements about bipolar disorder is false?

Accepted Answer

People with bipolar disorder experience only periods of mania or depression.

Answer

Bipolar disorder is often misdiagnosed as schizophrenia.

Answer

Bipolar disorder is a lifelong condition.

Answer

Bipolar disorder can be effectively managed with medication and therapy.

Question 6

Which of the following is a typical symptom of depression?

Accepted Answer

Persistent sadness

Answer

Elevated mood

Answer

Excessive energy

Answer

Racing thoughts

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Exercise

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Trauma

Answer

Personality traits

Question 8

What is the primary aim of antidepressant medications?

Accepted Answer

To increase serotonin levels in the brain

Answer

To block the reuptake of dopamine

Answer

To alter levels of glutamate

Answer

To reduce anxiety

Question 9

Which of the following is a primary symptom of depression?

Accepted Answer

Persistent sadness

Answer

Increased energy

Answer

Racing thoughts

Answer

Euphoria

Question 10

According to the DSM-5, a major depressive episode must endure for a minimum of:

Accepted Answer

4 weeks

Answer

1 week

Answer

2 weeks

Answer

8 weeks

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter has been linked to the development and persistence of depression?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Glutamate

Question 12

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment for:

Accepted Answer

Both depression and bipolar disorder

Answer

Depression

Answer

Bipolar disorder

Answer

Neither depression nor bipolar disorder

Question 13

Which medication class is frequently used as an initial treatment for depression?

Accepted Answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Tricyclic antidepressants

Question 14

Which factor is generally NOT considered a risk factor for mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Healthy lifestyle habits

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Personality traits

Answer

Stress

Question 15

Which of the following is a primary diagnostic criterion for major depressive disorder, as outlined in the DSM-5?

Accepted Answer

Persistent low mood or loss of interest in activities

Answer

Delusions or hallucinations

Answer

Increased appetite and weight gain

Answer

Increased energy and activity levels

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of Major Depressive Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Increased energy levels

Answer

Persistent low mood

Answer

Loss of interest in activities

Answer

Feelings of worthlessness

Question 17

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for depression focuses primarily on:

Accepted Answer

Identifying and modifying negative thought patterns

Answer

Changing maladaptive behaviors

Answer

Increasing serotonin levels

Answer

Suppressing emotional reactions

Question 18

Which type of medication is commonly prescribed as a first-line treatment for bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Question 19

Which type of psychotherapy emphasizes exploring the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic therapy

Answer

Humanistic therapy

Answer

Cognitive therapy

Answer

Behavior therapy

Question 20

Which neuroimaging technique allows researchers to measure brain activity during mood episodes?

Accepted Answer

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer

Electrocardiography (ECG)

Answer

X-ray

Question 21

What is the term used to describe the cyclical pattern of mood episodes in bipolar disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar cycling

Answer

Alternating polarity

Answer

Mood swings

Answer

Depressive episodes

Question 22

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of depression?

Accepted Answer

Loss of interest and pleasure in activities

Answer

Elevated mood and increased energy

Answer

Rapid speech and racing thoughts

Answer

Heightened feelings of self-worth

Question 23

Which type of therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors associated with mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Answer

Psychodynamic Therapy

Answer

Humanistic Therapy

Answer

Dialectical Behavior Therapy

Question 24

What neurotransmitter is strongly associated with feelings of pleasure, reward, and motivation?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 25

Which of the following symptoms is typically not associated with depression?

Accepted Answer

Increased appetite

Answer

Persistent feelings of sadness

Answer

Difficulty concentrating

Answer

Suicidal thoughts

Question 26

What is the term for a mood disorder characterized by alternating episodes of mania and depression?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder

Answer

Unipolar disorder

Answer

Cyclothymia

Answer

Dysthymia

Question 27

What is the term for a persistent depressive disorder that is less severe than major depressive disorder but more chronic?

Accepted Answer

Dysthymia

Answer

Atypical depression

Answer

Adjustment disorder with depressed mood

Answer

Minor depression

Question 28

Mood disorders can significantly impact individuals' lives in various ways. Which of the following is NOT a common consequence of mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Increased physical activity

Answer

Social isolation

Answer

Cognitive impairment

Answer

Financial difficulties

Question 29

Which symptom is a primary feature of depression?

Accepted Answer

Loss of interest or pleasure in activities

Answer

Persistent elated mood

Answer

Increased energy and activity levels

Answer

Grandiose thoughts

Question 30

Which neurotransmitter imbalance is most commonly implicated in depression?

Accepted Answer

Decreased serotonin levels

Answer

Increased dopamine levels

Answer

Elevated glutamate levels

Answer

Reduced acetylcholine levels

Question 31

What type of therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors to improve mental health?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer

Psychodynamic Therapy

Answer

Humanistic Therapy

Answer

Behavior Modification Therapy

Question 32

What is the term for a mood episode characterized by extreme elation, reduced need for sleep, and an inflated sense of self-worth?

Accepted Answer

Mania

Answer

Hypomania

Answer

Depression

Answer

Mixed Episode

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for developing mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Optimistic personality traits

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Stressful life events

Answer

Physical health conditions

Question 34

Which model of mental illness emphasizes the interconnectedness of biological, psychological, and social factors?

Accepted Answer

Biopsychosocial model

Answer

Biological model

Answer

Psychological model

Answer

Social model

Question 35

Which class of medication is commonly used as an initial treatment for depression?

Accepted Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Question 36

What is the term for a period of stable mood between episodes of depression or mania?

Accepted Answer

Remission

Answer

Prodrome

Answer

Recovery

Answer

Stabilization

Question 37

Which ethical principle is essential when interacting with individuals experiencing mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining confidentiality

Answer

Providing support and empathy

Answer

Using physical force or restraint

Answer

Labeling individuals based on their diagnosis

Question 38

What is the primary aim of an intervention plan for individuals with mood disorders?

Accepted Answer

Managing symptoms and improving overall functioning

Answer

Completely eradicating all symptoms

Answer

Preventing future episodes

Answer

Permanently curing the disorder

Question 39

Which of the following is a predominant symptom of depression?

Accepted Answer

Persistent feelings of sadness, low mood, and loss of interest or pleasure in activities

Answer

Rapid speech and racing thoughts

Answer

Delusions of grandeur

Answer

Elevated mood and increased energy levels

Question 40

Bipolar disorder is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Alternating episodes of elevated mood (mania or hypomania) and depression

Answer

Persistent feelings of sadness and low mood only

Answer

Increased anxiety and worry solely

Answer

Impaired concentration and difficulty making decisions exclusively

Question 41

Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the neurochemical basis of depression?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Question 42

Which of the following is a common evidence-based treatment for mild to moderate depression?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Answer

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) solely

Answer

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) exclusively

Answer

Antipsychotic medication primarily

Question 43

What is the key difference between unipolar and bipolar depression?

Accepted Answer

Unipolar depression involves only episodes of depression, while bipolar depression involves alternating episodes of depression and mania or hypomania.

Answer

Unipolar depression is more severe than bipolar depression.

Question 44

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of mania?

Accepted Answer

Racing thoughts and pressured speech

Answer

Impaired sleep solely

Answer

Difficulty concentrating primarily

Answer

Persistent feelings of sadness

Question 45

What is the primary function of the amygdala in relation to mood regulation?

Accepted Answer

Processing and responding to emotional stimuli

Answer

Storing long-term memories

Answer

Controlling muscle movement

Answer

Producing hormones

Question 46

What is the term for a period of elevated mood and increased energy levels that is less severe than mania?

Accepted Answer

Hypomania

Answer

Dysthymia

Answer

Euthymia

Answer

Depression

Question 47

**Which of the following is a key symptom of depression?**

Accepted Answer

Persistent low mood and anhedonia (loss of interest or pleasure in activities)

Answer

Extreme anxiety and avoidance

Answer

Increased energy levels and racing thoughts

Answer

Grandiose delusions and hallucinations

Question 48

**Bipolar disorder is characterized by:**

Accepted Answer

Alternating periods of elevated mood (mania) and depressive episodes

Answer

Persistent hallucinations and delusions

Answer

Extreme anxiety and avoidance of social situations

Answer

Chronic feelings of hopelessness and worthlessness

Question 49

**Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for:**

Accepted Answer

Both depression and bipolar disorder

Answer

Depression only

Answer

Bipolar disorder only

Answer

Neither depression nor bipolar disorder

Question 50

**Which of the following is a recognized risk factor for developing a mood disorder?**

Accepted Answer

Family history of mental illness

Answer

High levels of physical activity

Answer

Positive life experiences

Answer

Strong social support

Question 51

**Mania, a phase in bipolar disorder, is characterized by:**

Accepted Answer

Increased energy levels, impulsive behavior, and decreased need for sleep

Answer

Delusions of grandeur and paranoia

Answer

Persistent sadness and lack of motivation

Answer

Excessive worry and anxiety

Question 52

**Which type of medication is commonly used to treat bipolar disorder?**

Accepted Answer

Mood stabilizers

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Answer

Antipsychotics

Answer

Antidepressants

Question 53

**What is the term for a milder and more chronic form of depression?**

Accepted Answer

Dysthymia

Answer

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Answer

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer

Bipolar II Disorder

Question 54

**Which of the following is a common symptom of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)?**

Accepted Answer

Increased sleep and appetite, especially during winter months

Answer

Hallucinations during autumn months

Answer

Depressed mood during summer months

Answer

Mania during spring months

Question 55

**What is the main distinction between unipolar and bipolar depression?**

Accepted Answer

Unipolar depression involves only depressive episodes, while bipolar depression involves alternating episodes of depression and mania.

Answer

Bipolar depression is more common than unipolar depression.

Answer

Unipolar depression is more severe than bipolar depression.

Answer

Unipolar depression responds better to treatment than bipolar depression.