Introduction to Computing: Master the Fundamentals of Digital Technology

Question 1

Cloud computing offers on-demand access to shared computing resources like servers, storage, and applications.

Which of these is **NOT** a benefit of cloud computing?

Accepted Answer

Increased security risks

Answer

Cost efficiency

Answer

Flexibility and scalability

Answer

Reliability and redundancy

Question 2

What are the core principles of computer science, with a focus on computational thinking and problem-solving skills?

Accepted Answer

Computational thinking helps us solve problems using algorithms and data structures.

Answer

Computer science is mainly about building complex hardware systems.

Answer

Computer science is only about creating software applications.

Answer

Problem-solving skills are not important in computer science because computers can solve any problem on their own.

Question 3

How is data stored and processed within a computer system?

Accepted Answer

Data is stored as 1s and 0s and processed by the CPU using logical operations.

Answer

Data is stored as text and processed by the GPU using graphical operations.

Answer

Data is stored as analog signals and processed by the RAM using electrical signals.

Answer

Data is stored in a cloud and processed by remote servers.

Question 4

Which of the following accurately describes the key characteristics of Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems?

Accepted Answer

Windows: closed-source, user-friendly; macOS: proprietary, Apple-specific; Linux: open-source, customizable

Answer

All operating systems have identical functions.

Answer

Linux is the most popular operating system worldwide.

Answer

Operating systems do not manage computer resources.

Question 5

Which data structure is ideal for efficiently locating an item in a vast dataset, even without knowing its specific position?

Accepted Answer

Hash table

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Question 6

What is a defining feature of a relational database?

Accepted Answer

Data is organized into tables, rows, and columns

Answer

Data is stored in a hierarchical structure

Answer

Data is stored as a collection of key-value pairs

Answer

Data is stored as a graph

Question 7

What is a key advantage of mobile computing devices over traditional desktop computers?

Accepted Answer

Improved portability and convenience

Answer

Greater processing power

Answer

Enhanced security features

Question 8

How do computer organization and microarchitecture relate to each other?

Accepted Answer

Computer organization outlines the overall structure and functionality, while microarchitecture focuses on the detailed implementation of those components.

Answer

Microarchitecture is the only factor that determines a computer system's performance.

Answer

Computer organization only deals with the physical components of a computer system.

Answer

Microarchitecture is another term for computer architecture.

Question 9

What is data abstraction and why is it crucial in software development?

Accepted Answer

Data abstraction conceals complex data structures and operations, providing a simplified interface for users to interact with data.

Answer

Data abstraction is merely a way to organize data into groups.

Answer

Data abstraction is only relevant in complex programming environments.

Answer

Data abstraction is not significant in software development.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a key principle of information security?

Accepted Answer

Transparency

Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Integrity

Answer

Availability

Question 11

What is Artificial Intelligence (AI), and how is it used in different areas?

Accepted Answer

AI mimics human intelligence, allowing machines to think, learn, and solve problems.

Answer

AI is mainly used in self-driving cars.

Answer

AI can replace human workers in all industries.

Answer

AI has no ethical considerations.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental component of a computer system?

Accepted Answer

Mouse

Answer

Processor

Answer

Memory

Answer

Software

Question 13

What is the main purpose of a network?

Accepted Answer

To connect multiple devices and computers.

Answer

To store and retrieve information.

Answer

To process data.

Answer

To display output.

Question 14

What is the key difference between hardware and software?

Accepted Answer

Hardware is physical, while software is not.

Answer

Software is physical, while hardware is not.

Answer

Both hardware and software are physical.

Answer

Both hardware and software are not physical.

Question 15

What is the primary function of a firewall?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to a computer network.

Answer

To detect and eliminate viruses and malware.

Answer

To optimize network performance.

Answer

To backup data.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a physical component of a computer?

Accepted Answer

Operating system

Answer

Processor

Answer

Keyboard

Answer

Monitor

Question 17

What is the primary function of a network?

Accepted Answer

To establish connections between computers and devices

Answer

To store and manage information

Answer

To execute software applications

Answer

To display visual data

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a high-level programming language?

Accepted Answer

Python

Answer

Machine code

Answer

Assembly language

Answer

HTML

Question 19

What is the main responsibility of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To manage and coordinate hardware and software resources

Answer

To provide a user-friendly interface for interacting with the computer

Answer

To execute and run software applications

Answer

To store and retrieve data

Question 20

What is the key difference between digital and analogue data?

Accepted Answer

Digital data is discrete while analogue data is continuous

Answer

Analogue data is discrete while digital data is continuous

Answer

Digital data is stored in binary format while analogue data is not

Answer

Analogue data is stored in binary format while digital data is not

Question 21

What is the main purpose of using a firewall?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to a network

Answer

To enhance network performance and speed

Answer

To store and manage data

Answer

To run software applications

Question 22

What is the primary purpose of a database?

Accepted Answer

To store, organize, and manage data efficiently

Answer

To execute software applications

Answer

To provide a user interface for interacting with data

Answer

To connect computers and devices within a network

Question 23

What is the primary role of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To manage computer resources, like hardware and software

Answer

To enable web browsing

Answer

To create and edit documents

Answer

To run games and entertainment software

Question 24

What is the term for connecting computers and devices to share resources?

Accepted Answer

Networking

Answer

Cloud computing

Answer

Virtualization

Answer

Distributed computing

Question 25

What is the key difference between a variable and a constant in programming?

Accepted Answer

A variable can change its value, while a constant cannot.

Answer

A constant can change its value, while a variable cannot.

Answer

Variables store data, while constants perform calculations.

Answer

There is no difference between a variable and a constant.

Question 26

Which of these is an example of a high-level programming language?

Accepted Answer

Java

Answer

C

Answer

Assembly language

Answer

Machine code

Question 27

What is the main function of a compiler in computer science?

Accepted Answer

To translate high-level code into low-level code that the computer can execute

Answer

To directly interpret and run high-level code

Answer

To create a graphical user interface (GUI)

Answer

To store data on a hard drive

Question 28

Which of the following is not a crucial component of a computer system?

Accepted Answer

User

Answer

Hardware

Answer

Software

Answer

Network

Question 29

What is the primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Manages computer hardware and software resources.

Answer

Provides a user-friendly graphical interface.

Answer

Processes user input.

Answer

Stores user data.

Question 30

Within the TCP/IP model, which layer is accountable for directing data packets across networks?

Accepted Answer

Network Layer

Answer

Application Layer

Answer

Transport Layer

Answer

Data Link Layer

Question 31

What is the fundamental difference between a web browser and a web server?

Accepted Answer

A web browser requests web pages, while a web server hosts them.

Answer

A web browser is software, whereas a web server is a physical device.

Answer

A web server requests web pages, whereas a web browser hosts them.

Answer

There is no distinction between a web browser and a web server.

Question 32

What is the primary purpose of a compiler?

Accepted Answer

To convert high-level code into machine code.

Answer

To execute programs.

Answer

To identify errors in code.

Answer

To store data.

Question 33

When problem-solving in computing, which approach is generally most effective?

Accepted Answer

Follow a structured, step-by-step process.

Answer

Guess and check different solutions randomly.

Answer

Ignore errors and hope for the best.

Answer

Begin with the most complex solution first.

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a hardware component of a computer system?

Accepted Answer

Operating System

Answer

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Answer

Memory (RAM)

Answer

Hard disk drive (HDD)

Question 35

Which network topology connects all devices directly to a central hub?

Accepted Answer

Star topology

Answer

Bus topology

Answer

Ring topology

Answer

Mesh topology

Question 36

What is the main purpose of a web browser?

Accepted Answer

To access and display websites

Answer

To send and receive emails

Answer

To edit and create documents

Answer

To play multimedia files

Question 37

What is the purpose of a compiler in software development?

Accepted Answer

To translate high-level programming code into machine code

Answer

To detect and fix syntax errors

Answer

To interpret code line by line

Answer

To create a graphical user interface

Question 38

Which data type in Python is used to represent numbers without decimal places?

Accepted Answer

int

Answer

float

Answer

bool

Answer

str

Question 39

What is the difference between a local variable and a global variable in Python?

Accepted Answer

Local variables are only accessible within a function, while global variables are accessible throughout the program.

Answer

Global variables are only accessible within a function, while local variables are accessible throughout the program.

Answer

Local variables and global variables have the same scope and accessibility.

Answer

Local variables are stored in the heap memory, while global variables are stored in the stack memory.

Question 40

What is the purpose of using CSS in web development?

Accepted Answer

To define the layout and appearance of web pages

Answer

To write the code that makes a website interactive

Answer

To store data and images for a website

Answer

To connect a website to a database

Question 41

What is the primary role of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To act as an interface between hardware and software

Answer

To provide a graphical user interface

Answer

To store and manage files

Answer

To connect to the internet

Question 42

Which of the following is used to create documents, spreadsheets, and presentations?

Accepted Answer

Application software

Answer

System software

Answer

Utility software

Answer

Firmware

Question 43

What is the main purpose of a computer network?

Accepted Answer

To connect devices and allow them to share resources

Answer

To provide a means of communication between computers

Answer

To access the internet

Answer

To store and manage data

Question 44

What is the key difference between hardware and software?

Accepted Answer

Hardware is tangible, while software is intangible

Answer

Software is tangible, while hardware is intangible

Answer

Both hardware and software are tangible

Answer

Both hardware and software are intangible

Question 45

What is the main purpose of a web browser?

Accepted Answer

To access and display websites

Answer

To send and receive emails

Answer

To create and edit documents

Answer

To play games

Question 46

Classify the following as either hardware or software: A physical computer monitor.

Accepted Answer

Hardware

Answer

Software

Question 47

What is the primary purpose of an operating system in a computer system?

Accepted Answer

To manage the computer's hardware and software resources.

Answer

To provide a user interface for interacting with the computer.

Answer

To store and organize user data and files.

Answer

To run and execute software applications.

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a common type of network topology?

Accepted Answer

Triangle

Answer

Bus

Answer

Star

Answer

Ring

Question 49

What is the main function of a firewall in a computer network?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access and protect the network from cyber threats.

Answer

To enhance the speed and efficiency of network communication.

Answer

To store and manage user data and files.

Answer

To translate website addresses into IP addresses.

Question 50

Which of the following cloud computing service models provides users with access to computing resources, such as servers and storage, on a pay-as-you-go basis?

Accepted Answer

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Answer

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Answer

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Answer

Function as a Service (FaaS)

Question 51

Which of the following is a high-level programming language used for developing software applications?

Accepted Answer

Python

Answer

HTML

Answer

Microsoft Word

Answer

Excel

Question 52

What is the purpose of an algorithm in computer science?

Accepted Answer

To provide a clear and step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or performing a task.

Answer

To represent data in a specific format that can be processed by a computer.

Answer

To control the flow of execution in a program.

Answer

To store large amounts of data efficiently.

Question 53

What is the main responsibility of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To manage computer hardware and software resources effectively.

Answer

To provide a user interface for interacting with the computer.

Answer

To store and organize files and data.

Answer

To connect to the internet and other networks.

Question 54

What is the fundamental difference between hardware and software?

Accepted Answer

Hardware is tangible and physical, while software is intangible and logical.

Answer

Hardware processes data, while software stores data.

Answer

Hardware is used for input and output, while software is used for calculations.

Answer

Hardware is temporary, while software is permanent.

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT a common type of network topology?

Accepted Answer

Cloud

Answer

Bus

Answer

Ring

Answer

Mesh

Question 56

What is the primary purpose of a web browser?

Accepted Answer

To access and display web pages on the internet.

Answer

To send and receive emails.

Answer

To create and edit text documents.

Answer

To manage files and folders on a computer.

Question 57

What is the primary function of a firewall in a computer network?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access and protect against cyber threats.

Answer

To detect and remove viruses and malware from a system.

Answer

To optimize internet speed and improve network performance.

Answer

To back up and restore data in case of system failure.

Question 58

What is the primary purpose of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To manage the computer's hardware and software resources

Answer

To store and process data

Answer

To provide a user-friendly interface

Answer

To connect to the internet

Question 59

Which type of network connects computers within a small area, such as a home or office?

Accepted Answer

Local Area Network (LAN)

Answer

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Answer

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Answer

Intranet

Question 60

Which of the following is a binary number system?

Accepted Answer

Binary

Answer

Decimal

Answer

Octal

Answer

Hexadecimal

Question 61

What is the function of a compiler in software development?

Accepted Answer

To convert high-level code into machine code

Answer

To interpret and execute code

Answer

To create a user interface

Answer

To manage database transactions

Question 62

What is the key difference between a virus and a Trojan horse?

Accepted Answer

A virus is self-replicating, while a Trojan horse is not

Answer

A Trojan horse is self-replicating, while a virus is not

Answer

A virus is always harmful, while a Trojan horse is not

Answer

A Trojan horse is always harmful, while a virus is not

Question 63

What is the purpose of a firewall in a computer network?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to the network

Answer

To encrypt data transmitted over the network

Answer

To detect and remove malware

Answer

To provide backup for lost data

Question 64

What are the advantages of using spreadsheet software?

Accepted Answer

Automating calculations

Accepted Answer

Storing and organizing large amounts of data

Accepted Answer

Analyzing data using charts and graphs

Answer

Requiring specialized programming knowledge