Advanced Materials: Composite, Smart, and Biomaterials

Question 1

Which type of smart material changes its shape when exposed to an electric field?

Accepted Answer

Piezoelectric material

Answer

Shape memory alloy

Answer

Magnetostrictive material

Answer

Electrochromic material

Question 2

What is the primary bonding mechanism in ceramic materials?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonding

Answer

Covalent bonding

Answer

Metallic bonding

Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 3

What is a unique property of shape memory alloys?

Accepted Answer

Ability to return to their original shape after deformation

Answer

High electrical conductivity

Answer

Resistance to corrosion

Answer

Low density

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a composite material?

Accepted Answer

Pure metals

Answer

Fibre-reinforced polymers

Answer

Metal matrix composites

Answer

Polymer matrix composites

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a type of composite material?

Accepted Answer

Metallic glass

Answer

Polymer matrix composites

Answer

Metal matrix composites

Answer

Ceramic matrix composites

Question 6

Select the characteristic that is a strength of composite materials:

Accepted Answer

High strength-to-weight ratio

Answer

Brittle and prone to fracture

Answer

Low electrical conductivity

Question 7

Identify the type of smart material that changes color in response to temperature:

Accepted Answer

Thermochromic

Answer

Photochromic

Answer

Piezoelectric

Answer

Magnetic

Question 8

Which benefit makes biomaterials particularly suitable for medical applications?

Accepted Answer

Biocompatibility

Answer

Low cost and easy availability

Answer

Resistance to wear and tear

Answer

High strength and durability

Question 9

In the processing of advanced ceramics, which technique plays a crucial role?

Accepted Answer

Sintering

Answer

Extrusion

Answer

Forging

Answer

Rolling

Question 10

What is the primary function of fiber reinforcement in composite materials?

Accepted Answer

Provide strength and stiffness

Answer

Improve electrical conductivity

Answer

Enhance thermal insulation

Question 11

Which smart material exhibits the ability to change shape when heated?

Accepted Answer

Shape memory alloy

Answer

Photochromic material

Answer

Piezoelectric material

Answer

Thermochromic material

Question 12

Distinguish between a composite and a mixture. Which statement accurately describes their key difference?

Accepted Answer

Components in a composite remain distinct phases, while in a mixture, they are uniformly blended.

Answer

Mixtures are more durable than composites.

Answer

Composites are stronger than mixtures.

Question 13

In the processing of biomaterials for medical applications, what is a primary challenge?

Accepted Answer

Preserving biocompatibility and desired functionality

Answer

Limited availability of biomaterials

Answer

High cost of raw materials

Answer

Complex manufacturing processes

Question 14

Which feature is a defining characteristic of advanced nanomaterials?

Accepted Answer

Unique properties arising from their size and shape

Answer

Brittleness and low fracture toughness

Answer

Low electrical conductivity

Answer

High density and hardness

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of composite materials?

Accepted Answer

Isotropic properties

Answer

High strength-to-weight ratio

Answer

Tailorable properties

Answer

Enhanced durability

Question 16

Piezoelectric materials are known for their ability to:

Accepted Answer

Convert mechanical energy into electrical energy

Answer

Exhibit superconductivity at high temperatures

Answer

Exhibit low thermal conductivity

Answer

Change color under applied voltage

Question 17

Which type of biomaterial is frequently used in orthopedic implants due to its excellent biocompatibility and strength?

Accepted Answer

Titanium alloy

Answer

Shape memory alloys

Answer

Polylactic acid

Answer

Carbon nanotubes

Question 18

Which advanced materials fabrication technique is commonly employed to produce nanomaterials?

Accepted Answer

Chemical vapor deposition

Answer

Extrusion

Answer

Annealing

Answer

Hot forging

Question 19

One of the main advantages of using biomaterials is:

Accepted Answer

Increased biocompatibility

Answer

Improved corrosion resistance

Answer

Enhanced strength

Answer

Reduced cost

Question 20

Which material exhibits the unique ability to return to its original shape upon heating, a property known as the shape memory effect?

Accepted Answer

Nitinol

Answer

Concrete

Answer

Polyethylene

Answer

Kevlar

Question 21

Biomaterials are primarily used in which field?

Accepted Answer

Medical implants

Answer

Construction

Answer

Automotive industry

Answer

Aerospace engineering

Question 22

Which type of material exhibits a specific response to external stimuli like temperature or pressure?

Accepted Answer

Smart material

Answer

Ceramic

Answer

Biomaterial

Answer

Nanocomposite

Question 23

Nanofabrication is a processing technique commonly used for which type of materials?

Accepted Answer

Advanced materials

Answer

Polymeric composites

Answer

Metallic alloys

Answer

Traditional materials

Question 24

What is the primary advantage of using biomaterials in medical applications?

Accepted Answer

Biocompatibility

Answer

High strength

Answer

Low cost

Answer

Easy processability

Question 25

In the automotive industry, which is a potential application of composite materials?

Accepted Answer

軽量化 (Weight reduction)

Answer

Bone implants

Answer

Electrical insulation

Answer

Drug delivery

Question 26

What is the primary role of carbon nanotubes in advanced materials?

Accepted Answer

Enhancing mechanical properties

Answer

Improving biocompatibility

Answer

Reducing thermal expansion

Answer

Increasing electrical conductivity

Question 27

When designing advanced materials for biomedical applications, which factor is of utmost importance?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxicity

Answer

Electrical conductivity

Answer

Optical clarity

Answer

Abrasion resistance

Question 28

What is a distinguishing property of shape-memory alloys?

Accepted Answer

Ability to revert to their original shape after deformation

Answer

Low thermal conductivity

Answer

High elasticity

Question 29

Advanced materials encompass various categories except which one?

Accepted Answer

Traditional Steel

Answer

Biomaterials

Answer

Smart Materials

Answer

Composite Materials

Question 30

A prominent characteristic of composite materials is:

Accepted Answer

Lightweight and high strength

Answer

Shape memory

Answer

Electrical conductivity

Answer

Biodegradability

Question 31

Which type of smart material exhibits a response to temperature changes?

Accepted Answer

Thermochromic material

Answer

Magnetostrictive material

Answer

Piezoelectric material

Answer

Shape memory alloy

Question 32

In the field of medicine, biomaterials find application in:

Accepted Answer

Artificial implants

Answer

Aircraft components

Answer

Computer chips

Answer

Solar Cells

Question 33

Advanced materials fabrication often involves the technique known as:

Accepted Answer

Nanotechnology

Answer

Casting

Answer

Welding

Answer

Electroplating

Question 34

When choosing an advanced material for a specific purpose, it is crucial to consider:

Accepted Answer

Properties, cost, and environmental impact

Answer

Weight and shape only

Answer

Availability and brand name only

Answer

Color and texture only

Question 35

A potential challenge associated with advanced materials could be:

Accepted Answer

High cost of production

Answer

No environmental concerns

Answer

Always readily available

Question 36

A promising research direction in advanced materials involves the development of:

Accepted Answer

Self-healing materials

Answer

Solely focusing on traditional materials

Answer

No longer investing in advanced materials research

Question 37

Regarding advanced materials, an ethical consideration is:

Accepted Answer

Responsible disposal and recycling

Answer

No ethical concerns exist

Answer

Only focusing on profits

Answer

Using advanced materials for harmful purposes

Question 38

Which organization is actively involved in setting standards for advanced materials?

Accepted Answer

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Answer

No organizations are involved in standardization

Answer

Only national organizations

Question 39

Which property is **NOT** typically associated with composite materials?

Accepted Answer

Isotropic behavior

Answer

Tailored properties

Answer

High strength-to-weight ratio

Answer

Enhanced stiffness

Question 40

A smart material that changes shape in response to temperature is called a:

Accepted Answer

Shape memory alloy

Answer

Piezoelectric material

Answer

Electrochromic material

Answer

Magnetostrictive material

Question 41

Which of these is **NOT** a common application of biomaterials?

Accepted Answer

Construction of buildings

Answer

Contact lenses

Answer

Bone replacement implants

Answer

Artificial heart valves

Question 42

The process of reinforcing a polymer matrix with fibers to enhance its mechanical properties is called:

Accepted Answer

Fiber reinforcement

Answer

Blending

Answer

Crosslinking

Answer

Polymerization

Question 43

Which type of smart material changes its electrical resistance when subjected to mechanical stress?

Accepted Answer

Piezoresistive material

Answer

Magnetostrictive material

Answer

Electrochromic material

Answer

Piezoelectric material

Question 44

A biomaterial designed to be fully absorbed by the body after its function is complete is called:

Accepted Answer

Biodegradable material

Answer

Biomimetic material

Answer

Bioactive material

Answer

Biocompatible material

Question 45

A major advantage of using carbon nanotubes in composite materials is their:

Accepted Answer

Exceptional strength and stiffness

Answer

Ease of processing

Answer

Low cost of production

Answer

Biocompatibility

Question 46

Which material is commonly used in self-healing polymers?

Accepted Answer

Microcapsules containing healing agents

Answer

Electrochromic materials

Answer

Piezoelectric ceramics

Answer

Shape memory alloys

Question 47

In biomaterials, biocompatibility refers to the material's ability to:

Accepted Answer

Interact with living tissue without causing adverse reactions

Answer

Promote bone growth

Answer

Degrade completely within the body

Answer

Be easily manufactured

Question 48

A major challenge hindering the widespread adoption of advanced materials is:

Accepted Answer

High production costs

Answer

Environmental concerns

Answer

Limited availability of raw materials

Answer

Lack of diverse applications