Cell Structure and Function: Interactive Quizzes for Biology Students

Question 1

Which of the following is not an organelle typically found in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 2

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Lysosome

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3

Which of the following is a primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Transport of materials

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Waste storage

Question 4

What is the gel-like substance that fills the cell called?

Accepted Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Vacuole

Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Having a nucleus

Answer

Having ribosomes

Answer

Having a cell membrane

Answer

Having a cell wall

Question 6

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modifying and packaging proteins

Answer

Producing energy

Answer

Digesting food

Answer

Storing genetic material

Question 7

Which of the following is not a function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Digesting food particles

Answer

Transporting materials

Answer

Producing lipids

Answer

Modifying proteins

Question 8

What type of cell division produces two genetically identical daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 9

What is the process by which cells extract energy from glucose called?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Fermentation

Question 10

What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum in the production and transport of proteins within a cell?

Accepted Answer

Making, changing, and moving proteins to where they need to go

Answer

Storing newly made proteins

Answer

Breaking down and reusing broken proteins

Question 11

Which organelle is responsible for making proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 12

Where does cellular respiration take place?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Cell wall

Question 13

Where is the genetic material of a eukaryotic cell located?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 14

What does the Golgi apparatus do?

Accepted Answer

Modifies and packages proteins

Answer

Makes proteins

Answer

Produces energy

Answer

Removes waste products

Question 15

What is the process called when a cell divides to produce two identical copies of itself?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Differentiation

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a form of passive transport?

Accepted Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 17

Which process do cells use to release energy from food molecules?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Glycolysis

Question 18

Within eukaryotic cells, what is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in the secretory pathway?

Accepted Answer

Sorting and modifying macromolecules for secretion

Answer

Transporting materials from the nucleus to other organelles

Answer

Synthesizing proteins and lipids for use within the cell

Answer

Generating ATP for cellular activities

Question 19

Which statement accurately describes the difference in size and complexity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger and more complex than prokaryotic ribosomes.

Answer

Prokaryotic ribosomes are larger and more complex than eukaryotic ribosomes.

Answer

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are the same size and complexity.

Answer

The size and complexity of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes vary depending on the organism.

Question 20

What is the main result of lysosomes not working properly?

Accepted Answer

Buildup of undigested materials

Answer

Faster cell division

Answer

Less energy for the cell

Question 21

What is the main reason why cell division is important?

Accepted Answer

Growth and repair

Answer

Reproduction

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Movement

Question 22

In eukaryotic cells, which organelle group is NOT membrane-bound?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 23

Which cellular structure is responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 24

What is the genetic material found in cells?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Lipids

Question 25

The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy is known as:

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Question 26

Which organelle is involved in processing and packaging proteins?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 27

Cellular breakdown of large molecules is a process known as:

Accepted Answer

Catabolism

Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Diffusion

Question 28

In prokaryotic cells, which characteristic is present?

Accepted Answer

Absence of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

A well-defined nucleus

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Ability to undergo photosynthesis

Question 29

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

Control the movement of substances

Answer

Store genetic information

Answer

Synthesize proteins

Answer

Protect the cell

Question 30

The movement of gases between cells and their surroundings occurs through:

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Exocytosis

Question 31

Which organelle is primarily responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi Apparatus

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Generates energy for the cell

Answer

Regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Provides structural support to the cell

Answer

Facilitates communication with other cells

Question 33

Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell'?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 34

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Protein modification and packaging

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Waste disposal

Question 35

Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Microtubules

Answer

Microfilaments

Answer

Intermediate filaments

Question 37

In which organelle does photosynthesis take place in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Vacuole

Question 38

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

To regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

To store genetic material

Answer

To carry out chemical reactions

Answer

To produce proteins

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT an organelle found in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Chloroplasts

Question 40

What is the name of the jelly-like substance that fills the cell?

Accepted Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleoplasm

Answer

Mitochondrial matrix

Answer

Chloroplast stroma

Question 41

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 42

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

To modify and package proteins

Answer

To store genetic material

Answer

To carry out chemical reactions

Answer

To produce energy

Question 43

Which of the following is considered the basic unit of life?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Atom

Answer

Tissue

Answer

Organ

Question 44

What is the structure that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm called?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear membrane

Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Mitochondrial membrane

Answer

Golgi membrane

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living cells?

Accepted Answer

Inactivity

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Growth

Answer

Reproduction

Question 46

What is the primary role of the vacuole?

Accepted Answer

To store food and water

Answer

To perform photosynthesis

Answer

To generate energy

Answer

To synthesize proteins

Question 47

In cellular respiration, how do mitochondria produce ATP?

Accepted Answer

Through glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Through glycolysis and the electron transport chain

Answer

Exclusively through photosynthesis

Answer

Exclusively through fermentation

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Stores the cell's genetic material

Answer

Regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Provides structural support for the cell

Answer

Facilitates cell communication

Question 49

Where does protein synthesis take place in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 50

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Lysosome

Answer

Vacuole

Question 51

What is the primary role of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

To modify and package proteins

Answer

To store waste products

Answer

To produce ribosomes

Answer

To synthesise lipids

Question 52

Which type of cell lacks a nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic

Answer

Eukaryotic

Answer

Plant

Answer

Animal

Question 53

What is the main function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

To provide structural support and shape to the cell

Answer

To transport materials within the cell

Answer

To store genetic information

Answer

To synthesise proteins

Question 54

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Mitochondrion

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 55

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

To digest waste products and cellular debris

Answer

To modify and package proteins

Answer

To synthesise lipids

Answer

To transport materials within the cell

Question 56

Which characteristic is unique to eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Absence of a cell wall

Answer

Smaller size

Answer

Prokaryotic ribosomes

Question 57

What is the primary role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in cells?

Accepted Answer

To synthesise and transport proteins and lipids

Answer

To store genetic information

Answer

To modify and package carbohydrates

Answer

To produce energy for the cell