Rosalind Franklin: Uncover the Life and Discoveries of a Pioneering Scientist

Question 1

Which of the following statements accurately describes Rosalind Franklin's contribution to the discovery of DNA's structure?

Accepted Answer

She provided crucial evidence through 'Photo 51' that led to the discovery of DNA's structure.

Answer

She independently discovered the double helix structure.

Answer

She developed the X-ray crystallography technique used to study DNA.

Answer

She identified the nitrogenous bases that make up DNA.

Question 2

What was the significance of 'Photo 51' in the history of DNA research?

Accepted Answer

It provided the first clear image of the DNA double helix, crucial for understanding its structure.

Answer

It proved that DNA was a single-stranded molecule.

Answer

It helped identify the genetic code.

Answer

It confirmed the role of RNA in protein synthesis.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an area of scientific research that Rosalind Franklin made significant contributions to?

Accepted Answer

Medicine

Answer

Biophysics

Answer

Chemistry

Answer

X-ray crystallography

Question 4

What was Franklin's primary research tool?

Accepted Answer

X-ray crystallography

Answer

Electron microscope

Answer

Spectrophotometer

Answer

Centrifuge

Question 5

Which of Rosalind Franklin's discoveries played a vital role in understanding the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

The X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA

Answer

The double helix model of DNA

Answer

The chemical composition of DNA

Answer

The genetic code

Question 6

What scientific technique did Franklin employ to investigate the structure of molecules?

Accepted Answer

X-ray crystallography

Answer

Spectroscopy

Answer

Microscopy

Answer

Electron diffraction

Question 7

Which research area was NOT a major focus for Franklin?

Accepted Answer

Quantum mechanics

Answer

DNA

Answer

RNA

Answer

Viruses

Question 8

Why is Franklin's 'Photo 51' significant?

Accepted Answer

It provided a clear image of the DNA double helix for the first time.

Answer

It confirmed the presence of adenine and thymine in DNA.

Answer

It disproved the Watson-Crick model.

Answer

It was used to determine the genetic code.

Question 9

What was Rosalind Franklin's primary field of scientific expertise?

Accepted Answer

Chemistry

Answer

Biochemistry

Answer

Physics

Answer

Genetics

Question 10

Which university did Franklin attend for her higher education?

Accepted Answer

King's College London

Answer

Oxford University

Answer

Cambridge University

Answer

Imperial College London

Question 11

What was Franklin's nationality?

Accepted Answer

British

Answer

American

Answer

French

Answer

German

Question 12

Which virus did Franklin's research focus on?

Accepted Answer

Tobacco mosaic virus

Answer

Poliovirus

Answer

Influenza virus

Answer

HIV

Question 13

What was the name of the research group Franklin was part of at King's College London?

Accepted Answer

MRC Unit for the Study of the Molecular Structure of Biological Systems

Answer

MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology

Answer

Cavendish Laboratory

Answer

Biophysics Group

Question 14

The technique Rosalind Franklin used to determine the structure of DNA is called:

Accepted Answer

B. X-ray crystallography

Answer

A. Electron microscopy

Answer

C. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

Answer

D. Mass spectrometry

Question 15

The iconic image providing vital evidence for the double helix model of DNA is known as:

Accepted Answer

B. Photo 51

Answer

A. The Franklin-Crick Photograph

Answer

C. The Watson-Crick Photograph

Answer

D. The Rosalind Photograph

Question 16

Which of the following is widely recognized as Franklin's significant scientific contribution beyond her work on DNA?

Accepted Answer

B. Discovering the structure of graphite

Answer

A. Advancing techniques for studying viruses

Answer

C. Pioneering X-ray crystallography methods

Answer

D. Identifying the genetic code

Question 17

How did personal challenges influence Rosalind Franklin's scientific journey?

Accepted Answer

C. Both A and B

Answer

A. She encountered discrimination as a female scientist

Answer

B. She faced significant health issues related to her work

Answer

D. None of the above

Question 18

Rosalind Franklin's approach to scientific research can be best described as:

Accepted Answer

A. Rigorous, meticulous, and data-driven

Answer

B. Intuitive, speculative, and hypothesis-driven

Answer

C. Collaborative, communicative, and open

Answer

D. Dogmatic, opinionated, and inflexible

Question 19

In the context of the DNA discovery, which statement most accurately reflects Rosalind Franklin's contributions?

Accepted Answer

B. Her X-ray crystallography data served as critical evidence for Watson and Crick

Answer

A. She independently deduced the double helix structure

Answer

C. She failed to grasp the significance of her own findings

Answer

D. Her work was largely ignored by the scientific community

Question 20

Rosalind Franklin was primarily known for her scientific studies in which field?

Accepted Answer

Genetics and X-ray crystallography

Answer

Nuclear physics and radiation

Answer

Biochemistry and metabolism

Answer

Paleontology and archaeology

Question 21

Which of the following images captured by Franklin was crucial in deciphering the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Photo 51

Answer

Photo 38

Answer

Photo 64

Answer

Photo 97

Question 22

James Watson and Francis Crick used Franklin's work to develop their model of:

Accepted Answer

DNA structure

Answer

RNA structure

Answer

Protein structure

Answer

Virus structure

Question 23

Besides her work on DNA, Franklin also made significant contributions to the study of:

Accepted Answer

Coal and graphite crystallography

Answer

Microscopy of viruses

Answer

Classification of plant taxonomy

Answer

Development of antibiotics

Question 24

Franklin's collaboration with Maurice Wilkins allowed her to access:

Accepted Answer

X-ray diffraction equipment

Answer

Research funding

Answer

Scientific publications

Answer

International recognition

Question 25

Analyze the challenges Rosalind Franklin faced as a woman in science during the mid-20th century. How did these challenges affect her work and recognition?

Accepted Answer

Franklin encountered limited research opportunities due to her gender.

Accepted Answer

Franklin's contributions were often credited to male colleagues, like James Watson and Francis Crick.

Answer

Franklin's personal life significantly influenced her scientific achievements.

Answer

Franklin's experiences are unique and do not reflect the challenges faced by all women in STEM fields.

Question 26

Which scientific technique is attributed to Rosalind Franklin for its significant contribution to the understanding of DNA's structure?

Accepted Answer

X-ray crystallography

Answer

Microscopy

Answer

Chromatography

Answer

Electron microscopy

Question 27

What was the significance of Rosalind Franklin's 'Photo 51' in the discovery of DNA's structure?

Accepted Answer

It provided the first clear X-ray diffraction image of DNA fibers.

Answer

It confirmed the double helix model proposed by Watson and Crick.

Answer

It revealed the specific sequence of nucleotides in DNA.

Answer

It determined the proportions of the four nitrogenous bases in DNA.

Question 28

Which of the following contributions by Rosalind Franklin is considered her most groundbreaking?

Accepted Answer

Discovering the helical structure of tobacco mosaic virus

Answer

Developing the technique of X-ray crystallography

Answer

Determining the structure of coal

Answer

Identifying the nitrogenous bases in RNA

Question 29

Which of the following terms best describes Rosalind Franklin's role in the discovery of DNA's structure?

Accepted Answer

Collaborator

Answer

Primary investigator

Answer

Assistant

Answer

Mentor

Question 30

Which university did Rosalind Franklin attend to study chemistry and physics?

Accepted Answer

University of London

Answer

Cambridge University

Answer

Oxford University

Answer

Imperial College London

Question 31

Which technique was instrumental in Rosalind Franklin's groundbreaking discoveries in understanding the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

X-ray crystallography

Answer

Microscopy

Answer

Electron microscopy

Answer

Spectroscopy

Question 32

What was Rosalind Franklin's pivotal contribution to the elucidation of the double helix structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

Capturing the crucial X-ray diffraction image, known as 'Photograph 51'

Answer

Building the first physical model of DNA

Answer

Determining the precise base pairing rules within the DNA molecule

Answer

Discovering the presence of deoxyribose sugar in DNA

Question 33

Which of the following was NOT among Rosalind Franklin's significant scientific accomplishments?

Accepted Answer

Developing a vaccine for polio

Answer

Determining the structure of coal

Answer

Unraveling the structure of viruses

Answer

Revealing the structure of graphite

Question 34

Which of the following is widely regarded as Franklin's masterpiece in X-ray crystallography?

Accepted Answer

The iconic X-ray diffraction image known as 'Photograph 51'

Answer

The Franklin-Wilkins model of DNA

Answer

The Rosalind model of DNA

Answer

The Watson-Crick model of DNA

Question 35

Rosalind Franklin made significant contributions to our understanding of several scientific areas. Which of these was **NOT** a focus of her research?

Accepted Answer

The structure of RNA

Answer

The structure of DNA

Answer

The structure of coal

Answer

The structure of graphite

Question 36

Which of the following experimental techniques did Rosalind Franklin primarily employ in her research?

Accepted Answer

X-ray crystallography

Answer

Nuclear magnetic resonance

Answer

Electron microscopy

Question 37

What was the significance of Rosalind Franklin's 'Photo 51'?

Accepted Answer

It provided the first clear image of the DNA double helix structure.

Answer

It identified the chemical composition of DNA.

Answer

It disproved the Watson-Crick model of DNA.

Question 38

Which of the following was NOT a major contribution made by Rosalind Franklin?

Accepted Answer

Developing the atomic bomb

Answer

Pioneering the use of X-ray crystallography in biology

Answer

Discovering the structure of RNA

Answer

Determining the structure of DNA

Question 39

What was a key challenge that Rosalind Franklin faced throughout her career?

Accepted Answer

Gender discrimination in the male-dominated field of science

Answer

Ethical concerns about the potential implications of her research

Answer

Intense competition from other scientists pursuing similar research

Answer

Lack of access to state-of-the-art research equipment

Question 40

Which of the following viruses was the primary focus of Franklin's extensive research?

Accepted Answer

Tobacco mosaic virus

Answer

Poliovirus

Answer

Influenza virus

Answer

HIV

Question 41

What was the practical significance of Rosalind Franklin's work on coal?

Accepted Answer

It led to the development of new and more efficient methods for coal mining and processing.

Answer

It identified the atomic structure of carbon

Answer

It revealed the origins of life on Earth

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of Rosalind Franklin's scientific approach?

Accepted Answer

Collaboration

Answer

Independent thinking

Answer

Precision

Answer

Attention to detail

Question 43

What was the impact of Rosalind Franklin's premature death on her work and legacy?

Accepted Answer

It prevented her from receiving proper recognition and credit for her contributions to the discovery of DNA.

Answer

It inspired a new generation of scientists to pursue careers in science

Answer

It led to a decline in scientific interest in her research

Question 44

What was the primary scientific contribution made by Rosalind Franklin?

Accepted Answer

Pioneering the use of X-ray crystallography to study DNA and other biological molecules

Answer

Developing the theory of relativity

Answer

Identifying the chemical structure of penicillin

Question 45

Which specific research finding by Franklin was pivotal in the discovery of DNA's structure?

Accepted Answer

The 'Photo 51' X-ray diffraction image of DNA

Answer

The chemical composition of DNA

Answer

The genetic code

Answer

The role of RNA in protein synthesis

Question 46

What significant challenge did Rosalind Franklin face as a female scientist in the mid-20th century?

Accepted Answer

Gender bias and limited opportunities

Answer

Insufficient funding

Answer

Lack of access to research facilities

Answer

Ethical concerns about her research

Question 47

How did Franklin's research on coal contribute to scientific understanding?

Accepted Answer

It provided insights into the molecular structure of carbon-based materials

Answer

It challenged the theory of evolution

Answer

It led to the development of cleaner energy sources

Question 48

Which experimental technique did Franklin employ to capture the 'Photo 51' image of DNA?

Accepted Answer

X-ray crystallography

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging

Answer

Spectroscopy

Answer

Electron microscopy

Question 49

What was the significance of Franklin's research on viruses?

Accepted Answer

It provided early evidence for viruses as discrete biological entities

Answer

It challenged the germ theory of disease

Answer

It led to the development of vaccines for viral diseases

Question 50

How did Franklin's work impact the medical field?

Accepted Answer

It laid the groundwork for understanding and treating viral diseases

Answer

It led to the development of antibiotics

Answer

It refuted the link between smoking and cancer