Weather and Climate: An Introduction for Year 3 Geography Students

Question 1

What causes the Earth to have different seasons, like summer and winter?

Accepted Answer

The Earth tilts as it spins around the Sun

Answer

The Earth is closer to the Sun in summer and farther away in winter

Answer

The Earth spins faster on its axis in summer than in winter

Answer

The Moon's gravity pulls the Earth closer to the Sun in summer

Question 2

What is NOT a feature of weather?

Accepted Answer

Long-term patterns

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Rainfall

Answer

Wind speed

Question 3

What is the long-term average of weather conditions in a place called?

Accepted Answer

Climate

Answer

Weather

Answer

Rainfall

Answer

Wind speed

Question 4

Which of these is NOT a season?

Accepted Answer

January

Answer

Spring

Answer

Summer

Answer

Autumn

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a difference between weather and climate?

Accepted Answer

Weather can be predicted, while climate cannot.

Answer

Weather can change quickly, while climate changes slowly.

Answer

Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, while climate is the average weather conditions over a long period of time.

Answer

Weather is local, while climate is global.

Question 6

What's the difference between weather and climate?

Accepted Answer

Weather is what the conditions are like right now, while climate is the average conditions over a long time.

Answer

Weather is what the conditions are like outside, while climate is what the conditions are like inside.

Answer

Weather is what the conditions are like in the summer, while climate is what the conditions are like in the winter.

Answer

Weather is what the conditions are like on Earth, while climate is what the conditions are like on other planets.

Question 7

What factor does NOT influence the weather in a particular location?

Accepted Answer

Traffic volume

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Cloud cover

Answer

Rainfall

Question 8

What does NOT affect the weather?

Accepted Answer

Distance to the moon

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Wind speed

Question 9

Which of these is NOT a cause of climate change?

Accepted Answer

Increased use of solar power

Answer

Burning fossil fuels

Answer

Destruction of forests

Answer

Release of methane from agriculture

Question 10

What do we mean when we talk about the weather?

Accepted Answer

The conditions of the air around us, like if it's sunny, rainy, or windy.

Answer

The average temperature and rainfall in a place over a long time.

Answer

The plants and animals that live in a place.

Question 11

What does NOT affect how the weather feels?

Accepted Answer

The amount of food you eat

Answer

The temperature

Answer

The wind

Question 12

How can climate change affect our planet? Which of the following is NOT one of the ways?

Accepted Answer

The air might become cleaner.

Answer

The sea levels might rise higher.

Answer

Storms might happen more often and be stronger.

Answer

Plants and animals might have to change where they live.

Question 13

Which of these is a characteristic of climate, not weather?

Accepted Answer

It is the average of weather conditions over a long period of time.

Answer

It can change quickly.

Answer

It can be described using words like 'sunny' or 'rainy'.

Answer

It can be affected by factors like temperature and wind.

Question 14

When does the Northern Hemisphere receive the least amount of sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Winter

Answer

Spring

Answer

Summer

Answer

Autumn

Question 15

In the water cycle, what happens when water vapor turns into liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Condensation

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Precipitation

Answer

Freezing

Question 16

What are the effects of climate change on our planet?

Accepted Answer

Climate change leads to more extreme weather events, like heatwaves, droughts, and floods.

Accepted Answer

Climate change causes animals and plants to disappear and disrupts ecosystems.

Answer

Climate change has no impact on our planet.

Question 17

What tool do weather experts use to measure the temperature of the air?

Accepted Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Windsock

Answer

Rain gauge

Answer

Barometer

Question 18

Meteorologists use special tools to create maps that show weather conditions. Which tool is used to make maps that help meteorologists predict the weather?

Accepted Answer

Weather map

Answer

Rain gauge

Answer

Weather vane

Answer

Thermometer

Question 19

Which cloud type is flat, covers the whole sky, and looks like a sheet?

Accepted Answer

Stratus

Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Nimbus

Question 20

When is the day at its longest and the night at its shortest?

Accepted Answer

Summer

Answer

Spring

Answer

Autumn

Question 21

When water in the sky freezes and falls, what do we call it?

Accepted Answer

Snow

Answer

Rain

Answer

Hail

Answer

Sleet

Question 22

What causes the United Kingdom to experience different seasons?

Accepted Answer

The Earth's axis is tilted.

Answer

The Earth is round, and the Sun moves around it.

Answer

The Earth's orbit around the Sun is circular.

Answer

The Earth's orbit around the Sun is elliptical.

Question 23

In the United Kingdom, which season has the longest days and shortest nights?

Accepted Answer

Summer

Answer

Autumn

Answer

Winter

Answer

Spring

Question 24

Which of these factors does NOT affect the climate of a place?

Accepted Answer

Type of trees

Answer

Latitude

Answer

Sunlight

Answer

Elevation

Question 25

Which cloud type is high in the sky, made of ice crystals, and looks like feathers?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Cumulus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Nimbostratus

Question 26

In the United Kingdom, which season has the shortest days and the longest nights?

Accepted Answer

Winter

Answer

Spring

Answer

Summer

Answer

Autumn

Question 27

How can climate change affect our planet?

Accepted Answer

Rising sea levels causing flooding in coastal areas

Accepted Answer

Changes in weather patterns, like more frequent and intense storms

Accepted Answer

Making it harder for animals to find food and shelter

Answer

Climate change has no negative effects on our planet

Question 28

When water vapor in the air gets cold, what happens to it?

Accepted Answer

It turns into tiny drops of water.

Answer

It turns into ice crystals.

Answer

It rises higher into the sky.

Answer

It disappears.

Question 29

Which of these does NOT affect the weather?

Accepted Answer

Star positions

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Cloud cover

Answer

Water vapor in the air

Question 30

What action would NOT help to reduce climate change?

Accepted Answer

Driving alone instead of using public transport or carpooling

Answer

Walking instead of driving short distances

Answer

Planting trees

Question 31

Which organization provides scientific assessments on climate change?

Accepted Answer

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

Answer

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Answer

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

Answer

World Health Organization (WHO)

Question 32

Which of these is NOT a greenhouse gas?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Water vapor

Answer

Methane

Question 33

What are climate models and how do they help us understand future climate trends?

Accepted Answer

Climate models are computer programs that simulate the Earth's climate system to predict future climate trends.

Answer

Climate models are physical models that scientists use to study the effects of different factors on the climate.

Answer

Climate models are only used to study past climate trends.

Answer

Climate models are always accurate and can perfectly predict future climate trends.

Question 34

Which of these events is NOT a major climate change event in Earth's history?

Accepted Answer

Great Oxygenation Event

Answer

Snowball Earth period

Answer

Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event

Answer

Little Ice Age

Question 35

Which direction do air masses that bring mild and wet weather usually come from?

Accepted Answer

Sea

Answer

Land

Answer

High in the sky

Question 36

Can weather forecasting models predict the weather exactly all the time?

Accepted Answer

No, weather forecasting models cannot always predict the weather perfectly.

Answer

Yes, weather forecasting models are always 100% accurate.

Question 37

Which of these does NOT influence the climate of a place?

Accepted Answer

Its population

Answer

Its distance from the sea

Answer

Its altitude

Answer

Its latitude

Question 38

What do we call changes in the Earth's weather over a long time, like getting warmer or wetter?

Accepted Answer

Climate change

Answer

Seasons

Answer

Weather forecasting

Answer

Global warming

Question 39

Which of the following is a feature of a temperate climate?

Accepted Answer

Mild winters and warm summers

Answer

Cold winters and hot summers

Answer

Rain all year round

Answer

Snowfall throughout the year

Question 40

Which tool is used to measure air pressure?

Accepted Answer

Barometer

Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Anemometer

Answer

Rain gauge

Question 41

What is the Beaufort Wind Scale used for?

Accepted Answer

Estimating wind speed

Answer

Measuring rainfall

Answer

Predicting the weather

Answer

Tracking hurricanes

Question 42

Which of these things does NOT affect the weather?

Accepted Answer

Number of people living in an area

Answer

Air temperature

Answer

Wind speed

Answer

Amount of rainfall

Question 43

Which of these is an example of a long-term pattern of weather conditions?

Accepted Answer

Climate

Answer

Season

Answer

Day

Answer

Hour

Question 44

What is the name of the instrument used to measure wind speed?

Accepted Answer

Anemometer

Answer

Barometer

Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Rain gauge

Question 45

What is the name for the process where water vapour in the air turns into small drops of water?

Accepted Answer

Condensation

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Precipitation

Answer

Sublimation

Question 46

Which of these is a natural disaster that can be caused by very bad weather?

Accepted Answer

Flood

Answer

Earthquake

Answer

Volcanic eruption

Answer

Landslide

Question 47

What should you do to stay safe during a storm?

Accepted Answer

Stay indoors

Answer

Go outside to play

Answer

Stand under a tree

Answer

Go swimming

Question 48

What is the name of the imaginary line that divides the world into the northern and southern halves?

Accepted Answer

Equator

Answer

Prime Meridian

Answer

Tropic of Cancer

Answer

Arctic Circle

Question 49

Which of these places has the coldest climate?

Accepted Answer

Canada

Answer

The United Kingdom

Answer

Brazil

Answer

Australia

Question 50

What do we call the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth?

Accepted Answer

Atmosphere

Answer

Hydrosphere

Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Biosphere

Question 51

How does El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) impact weather patterns around the world?

Accepted Answer

ENSO causes more rain in the western Pacific and less rain in the eastern Pacific.

Answer

ENSO only affects weather patterns in South America.

Answer

ENSO makes the Earth warmer.

Answer

ENSO has no effect on weather patterns.

Question 52

Which tool is used to measure the amount of moisture in the air?

Accepted Answer

Hygrometer

Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Anemometer

Answer

Rain gauge

Question 53

How do clouds form?

Accepted Answer

When warm air rises and cools

Answer

When cold air sinks and warms

Answer

When water vapor freezes in the sky

Answer

When the sun shines on water droplets in the air

Question 54

In the United Kingdom, which weather condition happens often?

Accepted Answer

Heavy rainfall

Answer

Hurricanes

Answer

Tornadoes

Answer

Wildfires

Question 55

Which tool measures how fast the wind is blowing?

Accepted Answer

Anemometer

Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Barometer

Answer

Rain gauge

Question 56

Which type of cloud means the weather will likely be nice?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Cumulonimbus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Nimbostratus

Question 57

When water vapor in the air turns into tiny drops of water, what is that called?

Accepted Answer

Condensation

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Precipitation

Answer

Sublimation

Question 58

Which of these is a source of energy that will never run out?

Accepted Answer

Solar power

Answer

Coal

Answer

Oil

Answer

Natural gas

Question 59

When trees are cut down, what happens to the amount of rain a place gets?

Accepted Answer

It decreases

Answer

It increases

Answer

It stays the same

Answer

It makes the climate colder

Question 60

Which of the following is not a weather element?

Accepted Answer

Continent

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Rainfall

Answer

Wind speed

Question 61

What instrument is used to measure temperature?

Accepted Answer

Thermometer

Answer

Anemometer

Answer

Barometer

Answer

Rain gauge

Question 62

Which type of cloud indicates sunny weather?

Accepted Answer

Cirrus

Answer

Cumulonimbus

Answer

Stratus

Answer

Nimbus

Question 63

What is the process called when water vapour in the air turns into clouds?

Accepted Answer

Condensation

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Precipitation

Answer

Transpiration

Question 64

What is the greenhouse effect?

Accepted Answer

The trapping of heat in the atmosphere

Answer

The warming of the Earth's surface by the sun's rays

Answer

The cooling of the Earth's surface by the atmosphere

Answer

The movement of air from one place to another