Master the Respiratory System: Enhance Physical Performance

Question 1

Which physiological adaptations occur in the respiratory system during physical exercise?

Accepted Answer

Increased oxygen uptake and removal of carbon dioxide

Answer

Reduced lung capacity

Answer

Decreased heart rate

Answer

Lowered blood pressure

Question 2

The term for the exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood is:

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Osmosis

Question 3

The diaphragm's role in respiration is to:

Accepted Answer

Control the flow of air into and out of the lungs

Answer

Protect the heart and lungs

Answer

Produce vocal sounds

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Question 4

Which of these is NOT a respiratory muscle?

Accepted Answer

Pectoralis major

Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Intercostal muscles

Answer

Abdominal muscles

Question 5

The respiratory center in the brain is primarily stimulated by:

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Nitrogen

Answer

Helium

Question 6

The condition in which the alveoli become inflamed and filled with fluid is called:

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary edema

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Emphysema

Answer

Bronchitis

Question 7

What is the primary function of the respiratory system during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer

Regulate body temperature through sweating

Answer

Filter the blood

Answer

Produce energy

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which the respiratory system responds to increased metabolic demand during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Decreased heart rate

Answer

Increased breathing rate

Answer

Increased tidal volume

Answer

Increased oxygen extraction from the blood

Question 9

How does exercise affect the respiratory dead space?

Accepted Answer

Increases it due to increased ventilation

Answer

Decreases it due to reduced airway resistance

Answer

Remains unchanged

Answer

Increases it due to bronchial constriction

Question 10

How does increased alveolar ventilation during exercise help maintain blood pH?

Accepted Answer

By reducing the partial pressure of carbon dioxide

Answer

By increasing the partial pressure of oxygen

Answer

By decreasing the bicarbonate concentration

Answer

By increasing the hydrogen ion concentration

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a role of the diaphragm in respiration?

Accepted Answer

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer

Increases thoracic volume

Answer

Decreases abdominal volume

Answer

Creates negative pressure in the pleural cavity

Question 12

Which respiratory condition is characterized by difficulty exhaling?

Accepted Answer

Emphysema

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Bronchitis

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 13

How does exercise impact the respiratory quotient?

Accepted Answer

Increases due to increased carbohydrate metabolism

Answer

Decreases due to increased fat metabolism

Answer

Remains unchanged

Answer

Increases due to increased protein metabolism

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Waste filtration

Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Regulation of blood pH

Answer

Thermoregulation

Question 15

The primary site of gas exchange in the lungs is the:

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Bronchioles

Question 16

The process by which carbon dioxide is removed from the blood is called:

Accepted Answer

Expiration

Answer

Inspiration

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Question 17

The respiratory centre located in the brainstem is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Generating breathing patterns

Answer

Controlling blood pH

Answer

Regulating blood pressure

Answer

Coordinating muscle movements

Question 18

Which type of respiration occurs when the body is at rest and requires oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Aerobic respiration

Answer

Anaerobic respiration

Answer

Hyperventilation

Answer

Apnoea

Question 19

The volume of air that can be inhaled and exhaled with each breath is known as:

Accepted Answer

Tidal volume

Answer

Vital capacity

Answer

Residual volume

Answer

Total lung capacity

Question 20

The primary function of the respiratory system is to:

Accepted Answer

Exchange gases between the blood and the external environment

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Answer

Produce hormones

Answer

Filter waste products

Question 21

Which anatomical structure serves as a conduit for air to and from the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Trachea

Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Larynx

Question 22

The process by which oxygen moves from the alveoli into the bloodstream is known as:

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Exhalation

Question 23

Which of the following best describes the role of the diaphragm in respiration?

Accepted Answer

Contracts and expands the chest cavity

Answer

Facilitates gas exchange in the lungs

Answer

Produces surfactant

Answer

Regulates body temperature

Question 24

A respiratory adaptation that occurs during prolonged endurance exercise is:

Accepted Answer

Increased tidal volume

Answer

Reduced respiratory rate

Answer

Diminished lung capacity

Answer

Slower oxygen uptake

Question 25

At high altitudes, the impact on respiratory function is primarily:

Accepted Answer

Diminished oxygen availability

Answer

Increased oxygen saturation

Answer

Elevated respiratory rate

Answer

Reduced lung capacity

Question 26

The primary function of surfactant in the respiratory system is to:

Accepted Answer

Lower surface tension in the alveoli

Answer

Increase lung volume

Answer

Enhance gas exchange

Answer

Protect against infection

Question 27

What is the most important function of the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Air filtration

Answer

Heat regulation

Answer

Sound production

Question 28

During breathing in (inspiration), the diaphragm:

Accepted Answer

Contracts and moves downward

Answer

Contracts and moves upward

Answer

Relaxes and moves upward

Answer

Relaxes and moves downward

Question 29

What does haemoglobin do in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Transports oxygen

Answer

Transports carbon dioxide

Answer

Filters inhaled air

Answer

Regulates pH levels

Question 30

Which of the following is a respiratory disease that causes inflammation of the airways?

Accepted Answer

Asthma

Answer

Emphysema

Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 31

How does exercise affect the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Increases oxygen demand and breathing rate

Answer

Decreases lung capacity

Answer

Impairs gas exchange

Answer

Slows down heart rate

Question 32

Which of the following is used to measure lung function?

Accepted Answer

Spirometry

Answer

Pulse oximetry

Answer

X-ray

Answer

CT scan

Question 33

How does the onset of respiratory muscle fatigue affect a person's ability to perform during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Impaired gas exchange and reduced endurance performance

Answer

Increased oxygen delivery to muscles

Answer

Decreased breathing rate and depth

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a crucial function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure regulation

Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Acid-base balance

Answer

Thermoregulation

Question 35

Which respiratory muscle is responsible for the majority of the work of inhalation?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Intercostal muscles

Answer

Abdominal muscles

Answer

Latissimus dorsi

Question 36

The exchange of gases in the lungs occurs by:

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 37

Which of the following factors does NOT directly affect the rate of diffusion of gases in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Blood flow rate

Answer

Surface area of the alveoli

Answer

Thickness of the alveolar membrane

Answer

Concentration gradient

Question 38

During exercise, the respiratory system primarily adapts by:

Accepted Answer

Increasing ventilation rate and tidal volume

Answer

Increasing respiratory frequency

Answer

Decreasing pulmonary blood flow

Answer

Reducing gas exchange efficiency

Question 39

Which of the following structures serves as the primary site for gas exchange in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Pleural cavity

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Trachea

Question 40

How does inhalation increase the surface area of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Expansion of the thoracic cavity, causing the lungs to expand

Answer

Relaxation of the intercostal muscles, allowing the lungs to collapse

Answer

Constriction of the airways, reducing the volume of air in the lungs

Answer

Contraction of the diaphragm, pulling the lungs downwards

Question 41

Which hormone plays a key role in stimulating increased respiration during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Growth hormone

Question 42

How does the Bohr effect contribute to enhanced oxygen delivery during physical activity?

Accepted Answer

It facilitates the release of oxygen from hemoglobin at higher body temperatures and increased carbon dioxide levels.

Answer

It enhances the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin at lower temperatures.

Answer

It reduces the affinity of hemoglobin for carbon dioxide.

Question 43

What is the primary consequence of hyperventilation on blood pH?

Accepted Answer

It increases the blood pH (makes it more alkaline).

Answer

It decreases the blood pH (makes it more acidic).

Answer

It has no effect on blood pH.

Question 44

What is the primary function of the epiglottis?

Accepted Answer

To prevent food and liquids from entering the trachea during swallowing.

Answer

To moisten and warm inhaled air.

Answer

To regulate the volume of air entering the lungs.

Question 45

Which of the following is a common symptom associated with emphysema?

Accepted Answer

Persistent shortness of breath, especially during exertion

Answer

Rapid and irregular heartbeat

Answer

Wheezing and coughing

Answer

Chest pain and tightness

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Digesting food

Answer

Regulating pH

Answer

Producing sound

Answer

Exchanging gases

Question 47

What is the muscular structure that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Pleura

Answer

Trachea

Question 48

Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Bronchioles

Question 49

What is the main function of surfactant in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Reduces surface tension to prevent alveoli from collapsing

Answer

Facilitates gas exchange

Answer

Increases lung capacity

Question 50

Which adaptation of the respiratory system is associated with physical activity?

Accepted Answer

Increased tidal volume

Answer

Thickening of the diaphragm

Answer

Reduced respiratory rate

Answer

Decreased lung capacity

Question 51

What is the primary role of the epiglottis?

Accepted Answer

Prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing

Answer

Regulates airflow into the lungs

Answer

Produces mucus to trap foreign particles

Question 52

Which respiratory condition is characterized by chronic inflammation of the bronchi?

Accepted Answer

Bronchitis

Answer

Asthma

Answer

Emphysema

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 53

Describe the main difference between inspiration and expiration.

Accepted Answer

Inspiration involves active diaphragm contraction to increase lung volume, while expiration involves diaphragm relaxation to decrease lung volume

Answer

Inspiration is an active process, while expiration is passive