Gravitational Fields: Master Gravity and Its Effects

Question 1

Which property is characteristic of gravitational fields?

Accepted Answer

Gravitational fields weaken with increasing distance from their source.

Answer

Gravitational fields are exclusive to interactions between two objects.

Answer

Gravitational fields can exert both attractive and repulsive forces.

Answer

Gravitational fields surround all electrically charged objects.

Question 2

An object with a mass of 5 kilograms is dropped from a height of 10 meters above the ground. Assuming there is no air resistance, what will be the object's speed just before it hits the ground?

Accepted Answer

v = √(2 * 9.8 * 10)

Answer

v = √(10)

Answer

v = 9.8 * 10

Answer

v = 10 / 9.8

Question 3

A satellite with mass m orbits a planet with mass M in a circular path of radius r. Which expression represents the gravitational force acting on the satellite?

Accepted Answer

G * M * m / r^2

Answer

G * (M + m) / r^2

Answer

G * (M - m) / r^2

Answer

G * M * m / r

Question 4

Which statement best describes the superposition principle as it applies to gravitational fields?

Accepted Answer

The gravitational field at a point is the sum of the gravitational fields produced by each mass in the system.

Answer

The gravitational force between two masses is directly proportional to the product of their masses.

Answer

The gravitational potential energy of a system of objects is equal to the sum of the gravitational potential energies of each object.

Answer

The gravitational field strength of a point mass is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from its center.

Question 5

What is the defining characteristic of equipotential surfaces in a gravitational field?

Accepted Answer

The gravitational potential energy of an object is the same at all points on the surface.

Answer

Objects at different points on the surface experience different gravitational forces.

Answer

The gravitational field strength is always perpendicular to the surface.

Question 6

In the context of gravitational fields, what is the physical interpretation of tidal forces, and how do they influence the motion of celestial bodies?

Accepted Answer

Tidal forces are the result of the differential gravitational pull exerted by a celestial body on different parts of another body, causing distortions and deformations.

Answer

Tidal forces are a measure of the strength of a gravitational field at a specific location.

Answer

Tidal forces are responsible for the formation of waves in the ocean.

Answer

Tidal forces are negligible in the motion of celestial bodies.

Question 7

In a uniform gravitational field, the gravitational force exerted by Earth on an object is directly proportional to the object's:

Accepted Answer

Mass

Answer

Volume

Answer

Distance from Earth's center

Answer

Velocity

Question 8

In a gravitational field, equipotential surfaces are surfaces where the gravitational potential energy remains constant. How does the gravitational force relate to these equipotential surfaces?

Accepted Answer

The gravitational force is perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.

Answer

The gravitational force is parallel to equipotential surfaces.

Answer

The gravitational force is zero on equipotential surfaces.

Answer

The gravitational force is proportional to the distance from an equipotential surface.

Question 9

In gravitational fields, the acceleration due to gravity, denoted by "g

Accepted Answer

The value of "g" diminishes as the distance from the center of a gravitational field increases.

Answer

The value of "g" remains constant throughout the universe, irrespective of an object's mass or location.

Answer

"g" is solely determined by the mass of the object experiencing the gravitational force.

Question 10

A planet has a non-uniform mass distribution, with its density increasing towards the center. How will this affect the gravitational field strength at different points outside the planet?

Accepted Answer

The gravitational field strength will vary at different points outside the planet, depending on the mass distribution within the planet.

Answer

The gravitational field strength will be the same at all points outside the planet.

Answer

The gravitational field strength will be strongest at the center of the planet and weakest at the surface.

Answer

The gravitational field strength will be strongest at the surface of the planet and weakest at the center.

Question 11

The gravitational field strength at a location, denoted as g, is defined as the:

Accepted Answer

Gravitational force acting on a unit mass placed at that location

Answer

Gravitational potential energy per unit mass at that location

Answer

Gravitational acceleration at that location

Answer

Mass of the object creating the field at that location

Question 12

A projectile launched vertically upwards reaches its highest point. At this point, its:

Accepted Answer

Gravitational potential energy is maximum, while kinetic energy is minimum

Answer

Gravitational kinetic energy is maximum, while potential energy is minimum

Answer

Both gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy are zero

Answer

Gravitational potential energy is minimum, while kinetic energy is maximum

Question 13

Which of the following accurately describes the gravitational force between two objects?

Accepted Answer

Directly proportional to the masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

Answer

Directly proportional to the masses of the objects and the square of the distance between them

Answer

Directly proportional to the masses of the objects and directly proportional to the distance between them

Answer

Inversely proportional to the masses of the objects and the square of the distance between them

Question 14

The acceleration due to gravity on Earth's surface is approximately:

Accepted Answer

9.8 m/s²

Answer

19.6 m/s²

Answer

4.9 m/s²

Answer

24.5 m/s²

Question 15

As a satellite orbits Earth in a circular path, the force that keeps it in orbit is:

Accepted Answer

Centripetal force

Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Tension force

Answer

Frictional force

Question 16

Escape velocity from a planet's surface is the:

Accepted Answer

Minimum velocity required to overcome the planet's gravitational pull

Answer

Velocity at which the planet's gravitational pull becomes zero

Answer

Velocity at which the planet's orbital velocity becomes zero

Answer

Velocity at which the planet's rotational velocity becomes zero

Question 17

The weight of an object on a planet's surface represents:

Accepted Answer

The force of gravity acting on the object

Answer

The mass of the object

Answer

The volume of the object

Answer

The density of the object

Question 18

How does the escape velocity of an object from a planet's surface depend on the planet's mass and radius?

Accepted Answer

Escape velocity is directly proportional to mass and inversely proportional to the square root of radius.

Answer

Escape velocity is directly proportional to the mass and radius of a planet.

Answer

Escape velocity is inversely proportional to mass and directly proportional to radius.

Answer

Escape velocity is independent of a planet's mass and radius.

Question 19

The SI unit of gravitational field strength is the:

Accepted Answer

Newton per kilogram (N/kg)

Answer

Tesla

Answer

Joule

Answer

Coulomb

Question 20

Which of the following correctly represents the gravitational potential energy of an object?

Accepted Answer

mgh

Answer

1/2mv^2

Answer

GMm/r

Answer

F_c

Question 21

An object is moving in a circular orbit around a central mass. Which of the following statements about the gravitational force acting on the object is true?

Accepted Answer

It is always directed towards the center of the orbit.

Answer

It is always zero.

Answer

It is always directed away from the center of the orbit.

Answer

It is always balanced by the centrifugal force.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a method for measuring gravitational field strength?

Accepted Answer

Using a mass spectrometer

Answer

Using a pendulum

Answer

Using a spring balance

Answer

Using a torsion balance

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences the strength of the gravitational force between two objects?

Accepted Answer

Speeds of the objects

Answer

Masses of the objects

Answer

Distance between the objects

Answer

Gravitational constant

Question 24

A projectile is launched vertically upward. At its peak height, its:

Accepted Answer

Velocity is maximum and acceleration is zero

Answer

Acceleration is maximum and velocity is zero

Answer

Both velocity and acceleration are zero

Answer

Velocity and acceleration are both non-zero

Question 25

A satellite orbits Earth in a circular path. Which force is responsible for providing the centripetal force required for the orbit?

Accepted Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Electrostatic force

Answer

Magnetic force

Answer

Frictional force

Question 26

The gravitational field strength at the center of a uniform spherical shell is:

Accepted Answer

Zero

Answer

Equal to the field strength at the surface

Answer

Proportional to the radius of the shell

Answer

Inversely proportional to the radius of the shell

Question 27

Which of the following equations correctly expresses the gravitational force between two objects of masses m1 and m2 separated by a distance r?

Accepted Answer

F = G * m1 * m2 / r

Answer

F = G * m1 + m2 / r

Answer

F = G * m1 - m2 / r^2

Answer

F = G * m1 * m2 / r^3

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a gravitational field?

Accepted Answer

It depends on the volume of the objects involved.

Answer

It exerts a force on objects with mass.

Answer

It has a magnitude inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source.

Answer

It is strongest near the source and weakens with distance.

Question 29

A spacecraft is moving in a circular orbit around a planet. In which direction is its acceleration?

Accepted Answer

Towards the center of the planet

Answer

Away from the center of the planet

Answer

Zero

Answer

Perpendicular to the velocity of the spacecraft

Question 30

A satellite revolves around the Earth in a circular path. The direction of the gravitational force acting on the satellite is:

Accepted Answer

Towards the center of the Earth.

Answer

Away from the center of the Earth.

Answer

Tangential to its path.

Answer

Perpendicular to its path.

Question 31

Gravitational potential energy of an object is:

Accepted Answer

Equal to the negative of the work done in lifting the object to a given height.

Answer

Equal to the force of gravity acting on the object.

Answer

Equal to the kinetic energy of the object.

Answer

Equal to zero.

Question 32

Which of the following factors does not affect the gravitational force between two objects?

Accepted Answer

Presence of other objects.

Answer

Mass of the objects.

Answer

Distance between the objects.

Answer

Gravitational constant.

Question 33

Which of the following is a unit of gravitational field strength?

Accepted Answer

Newton per kilogram (N/kg)

Answer

Newton (N)

Answer

Kilogram (kg)

Answer

Meter per second squared (m/s(^2))

Question 34

The gravitational force between two point masses is given by:

Accepted Answer

F = Gm1m2/r(^2).

Answer

F = Gm1m2r(^2).

Answer

F = Gm1/r.

Answer

F = Gm1/m2.

Question 35

Which of the following correctly represents the relationship between the strength of the gravitational force between two objects and the distance between them?

Accepted Answer

Inversely proportional to the square

Answer

Directly proportional

Answer

Inversely proportional

Answer

Directly proportional to the square

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of gravitational force?

Accepted Answer

The motion of a helicopter

Answer

The formation of the solar system

Answer

The orbit of the Moon around the Earth

Answer

The tides on Earth

Question 37

The gravitational field strength at a point is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The force exerted on a unit mass placed at that point

Answer

The potential energy per unit mass at that point

Answer

The acceleration due to gravity at that point

Answer

The work done in moving a unit mass from infinity to that point

Question 38

Which of the following is a unit of gravitational field strength?

Accepted Answer

Newtons per kilogram

Answer

Metres per second squared

Answer

Volts per metre

Answer

Joules per kilogram

Question 39

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the existence of black holes?

Accepted Answer

The gravitational collapse of massive stars

Answer

The collision of neutron stars

Answer

The formation of wormholes

Answer

The expansion of the universe

Question 40

Which statement accurately describes the gravitational field strength around a spherical planet?

Accepted Answer

It decreases with distance from the centre of the planet.

Answer

It is constant at all points around the planet.

Answer

It increases with distance from the centre of the planet.

Answer

It is zero at the surface of the planet.

Question 41

Which factor does NOT affect the period of oscillation of a simple pendulum?

Accepted Answer

Amplitude of the oscillation

Answer

Length of the pendulum

Answer

Mass of the bob

Answer

Gravitational field strength

Question 42

Which of the following is the unit of measurement for gravitational potential?

Accepted Answer

Joule

Answer

Newton

Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Metre

Question 43

Which of these is an application of the principles of gravitational fields?

Accepted Answer

Satellites in orbit

Answer

Roller coasters

Answer

Bridges

Answer

Airplanes

Question 44

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the orbital period of a satellite around a planet?

Accepted Answer

Speed of the satellite

Answer

Mass of the planet

Answer

Radius of the satellite's orbit

Answer

Gravitational constant

Question 45

If the distance between two objects of equal mass is halved, the gravitational force between them will:

Accepted Answer

Increase by a factor of 4

Answer

Increase by a factor of 2

Answer

Decrease by a factor of 2

Answer

Decrease by a factor of 4

Question 46

The force of gravitational attraction between two objects is directly proportional to:

Accepted Answer

The product of their masses

Answer

The sum of their masses

Answer

The difference of their masses

Answer

The cube of their masses

Question 47

What is the acceleration due to gravity on Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

9.8 m/s²

Answer

6.67 × 10^-11 N·m²/kg²

Answer

5.97 × 10^24 kg

Answer

150 million km

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a property of gravitational fields?

Accepted Answer

They can be shielded

Answer

They are conservative

Answer

They are always attractive

Answer

They extend to infinity

Question 49

What is the minimum speed an object needs to escape Earth's gravitational pull?

Accepted Answer

11.2 km/s

Answer

9.8 m/s

Answer

40,000 km/h

Answer

It varies depending on the object's mass

Question 50

Which of the following equations represents Kepler's third law of planetary motion?

Accepted Answer

T² = kR³

Answer

v = Gm/r

Answer

F = ma

Answer

E = mc²

Question 51

What is the shape of the orbits of planets around the Sun?

Accepted Answer

Elliptical

Answer

Circular

Answer

Parabolic

Answer

Hyperbolic

Question 52

Which of the following does NOT affect the strength of a gravitational field?

Accepted Answer

Shape of the objects

Answer

Mass of the objects

Answer

Distance between the objects

Answer

Gravitational constant

Question 53

Which of the following is the formula for gravitational force?

Accepted Answer

F = Gm₁m₂/r²

Answer

F = Gm₁m₂r²

Answer

F = Gm₁/m₂r²

Answer

F = Gm₂/m₁r²

Question 54

What is the SI unit of gravitational field strength?

Accepted Answer

Newton per kilogram (N/kg)

Answer

Newton (N)

Answer

Kilogram (kg)

Answer

Kilogram per meter (kg/m)

Question 55

A projectile is launched vertically upwards. At its maximum height, what is its acceleration?

Accepted Answer

Zero

Answer

Equal to g

Answer

Greater than g

Answer

Less than g

Question 56

An object is in circular orbit around a planet. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Its acceleration is always towards the planet's centre

Answer

Its velocity is always perpendicular to its acceleration

Answer

Its velocity is always parallel to its acceleration

Answer

Its acceleration is always zero

Question 57

What is the relationship between gravitational force and distance?

Accepted Answer

Inversely proportional to the square of the distance

Answer

Directly proportional

Answer

Inversely proportional

Answer

Linearly proportional

Question 58

Determine the potential energy of an object of mass 'm' released from a height 'h' above the Earth's surface.

Accepted Answer

mgh

Answer

mg/h

Answer

hgm

Answer

1/2mgh

Question 59

Identify the defining characteristic of projectile motion.

Accepted Answer

Parabolic trajectory

Answer

Constant velocity

Answer

Constant acceleration

Answer

Circular motion

Question 60

Describe the relationship between gravitational force and centripetal force acting on an object orbiting a planet.

Accepted Answer

Equal

Answer

Gravitational force is greater

Answer

Centripetal force is greater

Answer

They are unrelated

Question 61

Identify the key difference between gravitational force and electrostatic force.

Accepted Answer

Gravitational force is always attractive

Answer

Gravitational force is stronger

Answer

Electrostatic force is always repulsive

Answer

Electrostatic force is stronger

Question 62

Which phenomenon is a direct result of gravitational fields?

Accepted Answer

Tides

Answer

Wind

Answer

Ocean currents

Answer

Volcanic eruptions

Question 63

What is the formula for the gravitational force between two point masses?

Accepted Answer

F = Gm₁m₂/r

Answer

F = Gm₁m₂/r²

Answer

F = Gm₁/m₂r

Answer

F = Gm₂/m₁r

Question 64

Which of the following has the least gravitational potential energy?

Accepted Answer

A 10 kg mass 1 m above the ground

Answer

A 20 kg mass 2 m above the ground

Answer

A 30 kg mass 3 m above the ground

Answer

A 40 kg mass 4 m above the ground