What is Psychology? - Introduction to Psychology for Year 13

Question 1

Which of the following is not considered a major theoretical perspective in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Neurological

Answer

Psychodynamic

Answer

Behavioral

Answer

Cognitive

Question 2

Provide an example of an experimental study in psychology.

Accepted Answer

Manipulating environmental factors to examine their impact on behavior

Answer

Surveying people about their preferred colors

Answer

Observing children's behavior in a playground

Answer

Analyzing dreams to uncover unconscious motivations

Question 3

What is the field of psychology that focuses on the relationship between the brain and nervous system and behavior?

Accepted Answer

Neuropsychology

Answer

Cognitive psychology

Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Psychophysics

Question 4

Which subfield of psychology investigates the cognitive, emotional, and social development of children and adolescents?

Accepted Answer

Developmental psychology

Answer

Educational psychology

Answer

Clinical psychology

Answer

Social psychology

Question 5

Define learning as a psychological process.

Accepted Answer

Acquiring knowledge and skills through experience

Answer

Storing and retrieving information in the brain

Answer

Interpreting sensory input from the environment

Answer

Driving behavior toward specific goals

Question 6

A key characteristic of the scientific method is:

Accepted Answer

Objectivity

Answer

Subjectivity

Answer

Intuition

Answer

Confirmation bias

Question 7

Which subfield of psychology primarily focuses on the study of abnormal behavior and psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychology

Answer

Educational psychology

Answer

Developmental psychology

Answer

Social psychology

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of a hypothesis in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

To provide a testable prediction about the expected outcomes

Answer

To explain the observed results after the research has been conducted

Answer

To gather data for statistical analysis

Answer

To analyze the collected data

Question 9

What is the key distinction between qualitative and quantitative research methods in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative methods emphasize numerical data analysis, while qualitative methods focus on interpreting words and experiences.

Answer

Qualitative methods emphasize numerical data analysis, while quantitative methods focus on interpreting words and experiences.

Answer

Qualitative methods are more subjective than quantitative methods.

Answer

Quantitative methods are more reliable than qualitative methods.

Question 10

Which of the following is a central concept in cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Schemas

Answer

Conditioning

Answer

Free association

Answer

Transference

Question 11

What is the fundamental difference between a correlation and a cause-and-effect relationship?

Accepted Answer

A correlation demonstrates a relationship between variables, while a cause-and-effect relationship shows that one variable directly influences the other.

Answer

A cause-and-effect relationship demonstrates a relationship between variables, while a correlation shows that one variable directly influences the other.

Answer

A correlation and a cause-and-effect relationship are essentially the same.

Answer

There is no distinction between a correlation and a cause-and-effect relationship.

Question 12

Psychology is widely defined as the scientific study of:

Accepted Answer

Human and animal behavior and mental processes.

Answer

The mind only.

Answer

Emotions only.

Question 13

Who is recognized as the founder of the field of psychology, establishing the first psychology laboratory in 1879?

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer

Sigmund Freud

Answer

William James

Question 14

In the scientific method, the initial stage involves:

Accepted Answer

Making observations

Answer

Formulating a hypothesis

Answer

Conducting experiments

Answer

Analyzing data

Question 15

Which research method allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships?

Accepted Answer

Experimental studies

Answer

Observational studies

Answer

Correlational studies

Question 16

The process of changing behavior through reinforcement and punishment is known as:

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning

Answer

Classical conditioning

Answer

Social learning

Question 17

Which ethical principle in psychological research requires participants to be fully informed about the nature of the study and their involvement?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Protection from harm

Question 18

The primary objective of qualitative research methods is to:

Accepted Answer

Gain an in-depth understanding of subjective experiences

Answer

Generalize findings to a larger population

Answer

Test hypotheses statistically

Question 19

The cognitive perspective in psychology places a strong emphasis on:

Accepted Answer

The role of mental processes, such as thinking and problem-solving.

Answer

The influence of the unconscious mind

Answer

Observable behaviors only

Question 20

Which brain structure plays a crucial role in regulating emotions and motivations?

Accepted Answer

Amygdala

Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 21

What is the best definition of psychological resilience?

Accepted Answer

The ability to bounce back quickly from setbacks and challenges

Answer

A personality trait that is set at birth

Answer

A characteristic only found in people who have experienced severe trauma

Question 22

Which of the following best captures the core definition of psychology?

Accepted Answer

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Answer

The exploration of the human mind and its functions

Answer

The application of psychological principles to solve real-world problems

Question 23

Who is commonly regarded as the 'father of psychology'?

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer

Sigmund Freud

Answer

Carl Rogers

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT considered a major perspective in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Parapsychology

Answer

Humanistic

Answer

Cognitive

Answer

Behavioral

Question 25

The scientific method in psychology typically involves a series of steps. Which of the following correctly represents this sequence?

Accepted Answer

Observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, data analysis, conclusion

Answer

Observation, theory development, experimentation, data analysis, conclusion

Answer

Hypothesis formulation, experimentation, observation, data analysis, conclusion

Question 26

When attempting to determine the effectiveness of a new educational approach, which research method would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Experimental method

Answer

Case study method

Answer

Observational method

Answer

Correlational method

Question 27

Which of the following is an example of a psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

Generalized anxiety disorder

Answer

Intelligence

Answer

Introversion

Answer

Empathy

Question 28

What is the overarching objective of psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

To assist individuals in enhancing their mental well-being and overall functioning

Answer

To conduct scientific investigations into mental processes

Answer

To establish precise diagnoses and administer appropriate treatments for mental health conditions

Question 29

Which of the following is an example of a specialized area within the field of psychology?

Accepted Answer

Forensic psychology

Answer

Philosophy

Answer

Medicine

Answer

Sociology