Cells and Organisation: The Building Blocks of Life

Question 1

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of cell organisation from the smallest to the largest?

Accepted Answer

Organelles, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems

Answer

Organ systems, Organs, Tissues, Cells, Organelles

Answer

Organelles, Cells, Organs, Tissues, Organ Systems

Answer

Cells, Organelles, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems

Question 2

Which structure is unique to plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 3

What is the definition of mitosis?

Accepted Answer

The division of a cell into two identical daughter cells.

Answer

The division of a cell into four identical daughter cells.

Answer

The division of a cell into two different daughter cells.

Answer

The division of a cell into a haploid cell and a diploid cell.

Question 4

What is NOT a function of the cytoplasm, the jelly-like substance inside cells?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Answer

Providing a space for chemical reactions

Answer

Supporting and protecting the cell

Answer

Moving materials within the cell

Question 5

Which organelle is found in plant cells but not in animal cells and allows plants to make their own food through photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Vacuole

Answer

Nucleus

Question 6

Which of these is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Storing the cell's genetic information

Answer

Controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Answer

Protecting and supporting the cell

Answer

Helping the cell communicate with other cells

Question 7

Which part of a cell makes proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Generating energy for the cell

Answer

Controlling what enters and leaves the cell

Answer

Protecting the cell from damage

Answer

Helping the cell communicate with others

Question 9

Which cell structure is responsible for making proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 10

In living things, we can see different levels of organisation, from the smallest to the largest. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of these levels?

Accepted Answer

Cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms

Answer

Cells, organs, tissues, organ systems, organisms

Answer

Organisms, organs, organ systems, tissues, cells

Answer

Tissues, cells, organs, organ systems, organisms

Question 11

Which component is NOT found in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Phospholipids

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Cholesterol

Question 12

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulating the movement of substances

Answer

Storing genetic material

Answer

Carrying out photosynthesis

Answer

Breaking down waste products

Question 13

In plant cells, which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 14

Which of the following is an organelle found in plant cells but NOT in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Nucleus

Question 15

Which of these is NOT a function of the endoplasmic reticulum in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate synthesis

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Lipid synthesis

Answer

Storage of calcium ions

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a way that animals maintain a stable internal environment?

Accepted Answer

Passing on useful traits to offspring

Answer

Using sensors to detect changes and make adjustments

Answer

Using hormones to control body processes

Answer

Responding to changes in the environment

Question 17

What structure is found only in plant cells and gives them their strength and rigidity?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Nucleus

Question 18

Which of these is NOT a way that organisms keep a steady internal environment?

Accepted Answer

Storing food for later

Answer

Controlling body temperature

Answer

Managing water and salt levels

Question 19

Which cell organelle is responsible for making and moving lipids?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used by organisms to maintain homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Natural selection

Answer

Feedback loops

Answer

Hormonal regulation

Answer

Thermoregulation

Question 21

Why do animals have specialised tissues?

Accepted Answer

To carry out specific tasks, like digestion or reproduction.

Answer

To transport substances within the body.

Answer

To shield the body from harm.

Answer

To bear the body's weight.

Question 22

Which microscopy technique utilizes an electron beam to generate an image of the sample under examination?

Accepted Answer

Electron microscopy

Answer

Light microscopy

Answer

Scanning probe microscopy

Answer

Confocal microscopy

Question 23

What is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Answer

Protecting the cell

Answer

Regulating the movement of substances

Question 24

Which of the following structures is found only in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Large central vacuole

Question 25

Which organelle is a unique feature found only in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Cytoplasm

Question 26

Homeostasis is the process by which organisms keep a steady internal environment. Which of these is NOT a way that animals react to changes in their internal environment to keep homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Ignore changes in their internal environment

Answer

Change how fast they breathe

Answer

Change how much water they drink

Question 27

In an animal cell, which structure is responsible for processing and packaging materials to be secreted outside the cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Nucleolus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 28

When comparing compound light microscopes to simple light microscopes, what is the main benefit of using a compound light microscope?

Accepted Answer

Higher magnification and resolution

Answer

Increased portability

Answer

Ability to observe living specimens

Answer

Lower cost

Question 29

Which of these is NOT a primary function of organs in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Coordinating tissue activities and regulating the body

Answer

Performing specialized tasks crucial for survival

Answer

Offering structural support and protection

Question 30

Which structure is unique to plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cytoplasm

Question 31

What strong layer helps a plant cell keep its shape?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Nucleolus

Question 32

Homeostasis is the ability of organisms to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. Which of the following is NOT a way that animals maintain homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the rate of cell division

Answer

Adjusting hormone production

Answer

Modifying behaviour

Answer

Using negative feedback mechanisms

Question 33

What is the most complex and largest level of organisation in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Organism

Answer

Cell

Answer

Tissue

Answer

Organ

Question 34

In living things made up of many cells, what is the level of organisation directly above a single cell?

Accepted Answer

Tissue

Answer

Organ

Answer

Organ system

Answer

Organism

Question 35

How are the components of a cell membrane arranged?

Accepted Answer

Two layers of phospholipids with proteins and carbohydrates embedded in them

Answer

One layer of phospholipids with proteins embedded in it

Answer

Two layers of proteins with phospholipids and carbohydrates embedded in them

Question 36

In human cells, mitochondria are organelles that provide energy. Which of the following best describes their shape, location, and main function?

Accepted Answer

Elongated organelles in the cytoplasm that generate energy

Answer

Small, oval organelles in the nucleus that store energy

Answer

Large, round organelles in the cytoplasm that contain genetic material

Answer

Small, irregular organelles on the cell membrane that aid in digestion

Question 37

Which organelle is unique to plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 38

In plant cells, which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Vacuoles

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 39

Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts. How do these structures help plants perform their unique functions?

Accepted Answer

The cell wall provides structural support, allowing plants to grow tall and strong.

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which gives plants their green color and absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis.

Answer

Chloroplasts produce oxygen through photosynthesis, which plants need for respiration.

Answer

The cell wall prevents water from entering plant cells, protecting them from bursting.

Question 40

Which of the following is the fundamental unit of life?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Atom

Answer

Tissue

Answer

Organ

Question 41

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis and is found in both plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 42

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

To protect the cell and control the movement of substances

Answer

To store genetic information

Answer

To produce energy

Answer

To transport materials within the cell

Question 43

Which process breaks down glucose to release energy for cellular activities?

Accepted Answer

Respiration

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cell division

Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 44

What is the primary role of DNA in cells?

Accepted Answer

To store and transmit genetic information

Answer

To produce proteins

Answer

To regulate cell division

Answer

To transport nutrients

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a type of microscope?

Accepted Answer

Telescope

Answer

Light microscope

Answer

Electron microscope

Answer

Scanning probe microscope

Question 46

What is the name for the process by which plants convert sunlight into food?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Chemosynthesis

Answer

Fermentation

Question 47

Which organelle is **unique** to plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 48

What is the fundamental unit of life known as?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Tissue

Answer

Organ

Answer

Organism

Question 49

Which of the following correctly lists the hierarchical organization of living things, from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

Organelles -> Cells -> Tissues -> Organs -> Organ Systems -> Organisms

Answer

Organisms -> Organ Systems -> Organs -> Tissues -> Cells -> Organelles

Answer

Cells -> Tissues -> Organs -> Organ Systems -> Organisms

Answer

Organelles -> Cells -> Tissues -> Organisms -> Organs -> Organ Systems

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a recognized cell type?

Accepted Answer

Viral cell

Answer

Plant cell

Answer

Animal cell

Answer

Bacterial cell

Question 51

Which cell structure is responsible for carrying out photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosome

Question 52

What distinguishing feature is found in plant cells but not animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A cell wall

Answer

A nucleus

Answer

A cell membrane

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 53

What is the primary function of organelles in cells?

Accepted Answer

To perform specific tasks within the cell

Answer

To store energy for the cell

Answer

To transport materials within the cell

Answer

To regulate the cell's activities

Question 54

What is the primary function of the nucleus within a cell?

Accepted Answer

To control and manage the cell's activities

Answer

To carry out chemical reactions

Answer

To generate energy for the cell

Answer

To store materials for the cell

Question 55

Which of the following is a type of tissue found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Muscle

Answer

Cell

Answer

Organ

Answer

Organ system

Question 56

Which of the following is the key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, unlike prokaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, unlike eukaryotic cells.

Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a cell wall, unlike prokaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells have ribosomes, unlike eukaryotic cells.

Question 57

Who proposed the cell theory?

Accepted Answer

Schleiden and Schwann

Answer

Hooke

Answer

Pasteur

Question 58

Microscopy has played a crucial role in our understanding of cells. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between microscopy and cell biology?

Accepted Answer

Microscopy allowed us to discover cells for the first time.

Answer

Microscopy has no role in modern cell biology.

Answer

Microscopy can only be used to study living cells.

Answer

Microscopy has revealed that all cells are identical in structure and function.

Question 59

Which of these is **not** a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Stores the cell's genetic information

Answer

Controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell

Answer

Protects the cell from its surroundings

Answer

Helps cells communicate with each other

Question 60

How does cell differentiation contribute to the diversity of cell types in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

It enables cells to carry out specialized functions.

Answer

It accelerates the organism's growth.

Answer

It simplifies the organism's structure.

Question 61

Phagocytosis is a process that helps protect organisms from infection. Describe how phagocytosis occurs and explain its importance in the immune system.

Accepted Answer

Phagocytes extend finger-like projections called pseudopodia, engulfing foreign particles into a vacuole that fuses with lysosomes for degradation.

Answer

Phagocytes release enzymes that break down foreign particles, which are then absorbed through the cell membrane.

Answer

Phagocytosis is a process where cells expel foreign particles from their cytoplasm.

Question 62

From the smallest to the largest, how are living things organized?

Accepted Answer

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

Answer

Organism, Organ System, Organ, Tissue, Cell

Answer

Tissue, Cell, Organ, Organism, Organ System

Answer

Organ System, Organism, Organ, Tissue, Cell

Question 63

What is the main role of membrane receptors in cell signaling?

Accepted Answer

Receiving signals from outside the cell

Answer

Transporting substances across the cell membrane

Answer

Producing new proteins

Question 64

Which statement accurately describes the functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

Accepted Answer

RER synthesizes proteins, while SER metabolizes lipids.

Answer

SER synthesizes proteins, while RER synthesizes lipids.

Answer

Both SER and RER synthesize proteins.

Answer

Both SER and RER metabolize lipids.