Glaciers: Formation, Movement, and Impact on Landscapes

Question 1

Which process involves the transformation of snow into ice that forms glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Compaction

Answer

Condensation

Answer

Melting

Answer

Sublimation

Question 2

What is the name of the large depression in the Earth's surface carved out by glacial erosion?

Accepted Answer

Cirque

Answer

Drumlin

Answer

Moraine

Answer

Roches moutonnées

Question 3

Which of the following factors is NOT responsible for the movement of glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Wind erosion

Answer

Pressure from the weight of accumulated snow and ice

Answer

Gravity

Answer

Temperature changes

Question 4

What is the term for the accumulation of sediment and rocks carried by a glacier?

Accepted Answer

Till

Answer

Crevasse

Answer

Serac

Answer

Bergschrund

Question 5

What is the name of the large ice sheet that covers most of Greenland and is the second-largest ice sheet on Earth?

Accepted Answer

Greenland ice sheet

Answer

Antarctic ice sheet

Answer

Laurentide ice sheet

Answer

Patagonian ice sheet

Question 6

What is the term for a deep crack or fissure that forms in a glacier?

Accepted Answer

Crevasse

Answer

Bergschrund

Answer

Serac

Answer

Icefall

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a common method for studying glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Volcanology

Answer

Remote sensing

Answer

Field observations

Answer

Ice core analysis

Question 8

What is a serac?

Accepted Answer

A large block of ice that breaks off from a glacier

Answer

A ridge of ice formed by the accumulation of snow

Answer

A deep crack or fissure in a glacier

Answer

A type of glacier that flows slowly and covers a large area

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a type of glacier?

Accepted Answer

Continental glacier

Answer

Alpine glacier

Answer

Valley glacier

Answer

Piedmont glacier

Question 10

What is the name of the area at the lower end of a glacier where it melts?

Accepted Answer

Terminus

Answer

Crevasse

Answer

Sastrugi

Answer

Nunatak

Question 11

What is the term for a small body of water that forms on the surface of a glacier?

Accepted Answer

Supraglacial lake

Answer

Crevasse

Answer

Serac

Answer

Nunatak

Question 12

Which of the following is the main process by which glaciers form moraines?

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Sublimation

Answer

Calving

Question 13

What is the name of the massive ice sheet that covers Greenland?

Accepted Answer

Greenland Ice Sheet

Answer

Vatnajökull

Answer

Hardangerjøkulen

Answer

Austfonna

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Found only in polar regions

Answer

Massive bodies of ice formed from compacted snow

Answer

Move slowly due to their own weight

Answer

Cover a large area of land

Question 15

What is the process by which glaciers are formed?

Accepted Answer

Snow accumulating and compacting over time

Answer

Snow melting and refreezing

Answer

Icebergs breaking away from glaciers and melting

Answer

Glaciers carving out valleys as they move

Question 16

What is the term for the debris-covered ice found at the base of a glacier?

Accepted Answer

Moraine

Answer

Firn

Answer

Crevasse

Answer

Bergschrund

Question 17

What is the term for a deep crack that forms on the surface of a glacier?

Accepted Answer

Crevasse

Answer

Bergschrund

Answer

Serac

Answer

Icefall

Question 18

What is the term for the process by which glaciers accumulate material?

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Sublimation

Answer

Calving

Question 19

Glaciers are formed through the process of:

Accepted Answer

Accumulation of snow and ice

Answer

Sublimation

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Ablation

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a type of glacial deposit?

Accepted Answer

Volcano

Answer

Moraine

Answer

Drumlin

Answer

Esker

Question 21

The area where a glacier originates is called:

Accepted Answer

Cirque

Answer

Terminal moraine

Answer

Ice cap

Answer

Valley glacier

Question 22

The rate of glacier movement is NOT affected by:

Accepted Answer

Soil acidity

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Slope

Answer

Thickness

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT an impact of glaciers on the environment?

Accepted Answer

Increasing biodiversity

Answer

Creating U-shaped valleys

Answer

Depositing fertile soils

Answer

Altering river systems

Question 24

The main difference between a valley glacier and an ice sheet is:

Accepted Answer

Size

Answer

Location

Answer

Movement

Answer

Shape

Question 25

How do glaciers primarily form?

Accepted Answer

Accumulation and compaction of snowfall over time

Answer

Erosion and deposition of rocks by moving ice

Answer

Eruptions of volcanoes releasing large amounts of ice

Answer

Strong winds eroding and transporting snow and ice

Question 26

What is the name for a deep, steep-sided valley created by the erosive force of a glacier?

Accepted Answer

U-shaped valley

Answer

Arête

Answer

Roche moutonnée

Answer

Moraine

Question 27

What is the term for the boundary that separates the area of a glacier where ice is accumulating from the area where it is melting?

Accepted Answer

Equilibrium line

Answer

Crevasse

Answer

Lateral moraine

Answer

Firn

Question 28

Scientists use various methods to study glaciers and understand their behavior. Which two methods are commonly used and how do they help us learn about glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Observational Analysis: Involves direct observation of glaciers, their movement, and changes over time, providing insights into their behavior and dynamics.

Accepted Answer

Remote Sensing: Employs satellite imagery, aerial photography, and other technologies to collect data on glacier extent, thickness, and surface characteristics, enabling us to monitor changes from afar.

Answer

Ice Core Analysis: Entails extracting and analyzing ice cores from glaciers, revealing past climate conditions, atmospheric composition, and environmental changes.

Answer

Seismic Surveys: Utilizes seismic waves to study the internal structure and properties of glaciers, providing information about their thickness, density, and potential hazards.

Question 29

Which of these is NOT an effect of glacier retreat caused by climate change?

Accepted Answer

More chances for tourism

Answer

Rising sea levels

Answer

Loss of plant and animal life

Answer

Changes in how rivers flow

Question 30

Which process is responsible for the formation of glaciers?

Accepted Answer

The accumulation and compaction of snow over time

Answer

Erosion by wind and water

Answer

Volcanic eruptions

Answer

Earthquake activity

Question 31

What is the name of the boundary that separates the area where snow accumulates from the area where it melts?

Accepted Answer

Equilibrium line

Answer

Snowline

Answer

Icefall line

Answer

Calving line

Question 32

Which type of glacier flows down mountain valleys?

Accepted Answer

Valley glacier

Answer

Ice sheet

Answer

Ice cap

Answer

Piedmont glacier

Question 33

What is the process by which glaciers break off and release large chunks of ice into bodies of water?

Accepted Answer

Calving

Answer

Ablation

Answer

Sublimation

Answer

Erosion

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a landform created by glacial erosion?

Accepted Answer

Sand dunes

Answer

U-shaped valleys

Answer

Hanging valleys

Answer

Cirques

Question 35

What type of map is used to show the movement of glaciers over time?

Accepted Answer

Isochrone map

Answer

Topography map

Answer

Contour map

Answer

Land use map

Question 36

What is the term for the point where a glacier meets the ocean?

Accepted Answer

Calving line

Answer

Equilibrium line

Answer

Snout

Answer

Crevasse

Question 37

How could the shrinking of glaciers affect communities that rely on glacier tourism?

Accepted Answer

Less money from tourism

Answer

More water to use

Question 38

Glaciers shape Earth's surface through erosion and deposition. How do these processes create unique landforms like fjords, cirques, and drumlins?

Accepted Answer

Erosion creates U-shaped valleys and cirques, while deposition forms moraines and drumlins.

Answer

Erosion only creates V-shaped valleys.

Answer

Deposition only forms moraines.

Answer

Glaciers only erode and don't deposit material.

Question 39

Which type of glacier movement involves a sudden, rapid flow of ice, often creating icefalls and crevasses?

Accepted Answer

Surging

Answer

Basal Sliding

Answer

Internal Deformation

Question 40

How will global warming likely impact glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Reduce their ice thickness

Answer

Increase their size

Answer

Slow down their movement

Question 41

What essential condition allows glaciers to form?

Accepted Answer

Continuous snowfall accumulating faster than it melts

Answer

High temperatures and abundant precipitation

Answer

Rapid weathering and erosion

Question 42

Which type of glacier is characterized by rapid flow and frequent calving of icebergs?

Accepted Answer

Tidewater glacier

Answer

Piedmont glacier

Answer

Valley glacier

Answer

Alpine glacier

Question 43

Which process is not directly involved in glacial erosion?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Plucking

Answer

Meltwater erosion

Answer

Abrasion

Question 44

What term describes a U-shaped valley that has been submerged by the sea?

Accepted Answer

Fjord

Answer

Cirque

Answer

Moraine

Question 45

What is the primary process that leads to the formation of glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Snow accumulation and compaction

Answer

Volcanic activity

Answer

Erosion by water

Answer

Wind deposition

Question 46

Which of the following is a characteristic of glacial valleys?

Accepted Answer

U-shaped

Answer

Canyon-shaped

Answer

Rectangular-shaped

Answer

V-shaped

Question 47

What is the name of the area where a glacier originates?

Accepted Answer

Firn line

Answer

Medial moraine

Answer

Icefall

Answer

Calving front

Question 48

Which of the following is a potential hazard associated with glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Glacial flooding

Answer

Earthquakes

Answer

Volcanic eruptions

Answer

Tornadoes

Question 49

Which of the following is an impact of climate change on glaciers?

Accepted Answer

Melting and retreat

Answer

No significant impact

Answer

Expansion and advance