Weathering and Erosion: Interactive Quizzes for Year 9 Geography

Question 1

What is the process by which wind erodes and transports sand?

Accepted Answer

Deflation

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Corrasion

Answer

Plucking

Question 2

When water enters cracks in rocks and freezes, causing the rocks to expand and break apart, this process is known as:

Accepted Answer

Frost wedging

Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Question 3

Which of the following landforms is created by the deposition of windblown sand?

Accepted Answer

Dune

Answer

Moraine

Answer

Esker

Answer

Drumlin

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a process that breaks down rocks?

Accepted Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Mechanical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a type of physical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Freeze-thaw weathering

Answer

Exfoliation

Question 6

What is the role of vegetation in weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

Vegetation can both reduce and enhance weathering and erosion depending on the environment.

Answer

Vegetation protects surfaces from water and temperature changes, reducing weathering.

Answer

Vegetation enhances erosion by increasing runoff and soil loss.

Answer

Vegetation has no significant impact on weathering and erosion.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a chemical weathering process?

Accepted Answer

Oxidation of iron minerals in rocks

Answer

Water freezing in cracks and widening them

Answer

Wind-blown sand eroding a rock surface

Answer

Tree roots splitting a rock

Question 8

What is the main agent of erosion in desert environments?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Water

Answer

Ice

Answer

Gravity

Question 9

What is the primary difference between physical and chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Physical weathering alters rock structure, while chemical weathering changes rock composition.

Answer

Physical weathering is faster than chemical weathering.

Answer

Chemical weathering requires water, while physical weathering does not.

Answer

Physical weathering occurs only at the Earth's surface, while chemical weathering can occur at any depth.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of erosion?

Accepted Answer

Increase in biodiversity

Answer

Soil loss

Answer

Formation of canyons

Answer

Pollution of water supplies

Question 11

In the formation of sand dunes, which agent plays the primary role in erosion?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Water

Answer

Ice

Answer

Gravity

Question 12

What is the term used to describe the loose material that is transported by erosion?

Accepted Answer

Sediment

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 13

Which process involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments without altering their chemical composition?

Accepted Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 14

Exfoliation weathering is primarily caused by:

Accepted Answer

Changes in temperature

Answer

Chemical reactions

Answer

Biological activity

Answer

Water infiltration

Question 15

Which type of erosion is caused by the direct impact of raindrops on the ground?

Accepted Answer

Splash erosion

Answer

Sheet erosion

Answer

Rill erosion

Answer

Gully erosion

Question 16

What is the term for the process where sediments are deposited after being transported by erosion?

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Subduction

Question 17

Identify an example of chemical weathering.

Accepted Answer

Carbonation

Answer

Freeze-thaw action

Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Exfoliation

Question 18

Which agent of erosion is primarily responsible for forming sand dunes?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Water

Answer

Ice

Answer

Gravity

Question 19

Which type of rock is generally considered most resistant to weathering?

Accepted Answer

Granite

Answer

Sandstone

Answer

Limestone

Answer

Shale

Question 20

Which type of rock is most resistant to weathering?

Accepted Answer

Granite

Answer

Sandstone

Answer

Limestone

Answer

Shale

Question 21

What is the main agent of erosion in coastal areas?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Wind

Answer

Ice

Answer

Gravity

Question 22

What is the term for the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by physical forces?

Accepted Answer

Abrasion

Answer

Exfoliation

Answer

Jointing

Answer

Carbonation

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of a depositional landform?

Accepted Answer

Sand dunes

Answer

Glacial valleys

Answer

Sea cliffs

Answer

Rivers

Question 24

Mechanical weathering is the process of breaking down rocks by

Accepted Answer

Physical forces like pressure, ice and organisms

Answer

Chemical reactions

Answer

Biological processes

Answer

Heat

Question 25

Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis

Answer

Exfoliation

Answer

Frost shattering

Answer

Abrasion

Question 26

Erosion refers to the process of

Accepted Answer

Transporting weathered material

Answer

Breaking down rocks

Answer

Depositing weathered material

Answer

Creating new minerals

Question 27

Which of the following agents of erosion is responsible for the formation of meanders in rivers?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Wind

Answer

Ice

Answer

Gravity

Question 28

Arrange these erosion agents in order of their decreasing erosive power: running water, ice, wind, gravity

Accepted Answer

Running water > Ice > Wind > Gravity

Answer

Wind > Ice > Running water > Gravity

Answer

Ice > Running water > Wind > Gravity

Answer

Gravity > Wind > Running water > Ice

Question 29

What are the potential adverse effects of rapid erosion?

Accepted Answer

Diminished soil fertility and compromised infrastructure.

Answer

Enhanced biodiversity and water quality.

Answer

Minimal impact on human activities.

Answer

Increased recreational opportunities.

Question 30

How do weathering and erosion differ primarily?

Accepted Answer

Weathering breaks down rocks, while erosion moves them.

Answer

Erosion happens more quickly than weathering.

Answer

Weathering and erosion always occur together.

Answer

Erosion is physical, while weathering is chemical.

Question 31

What is a limitation of using lichen mapping to measure weathering rates?

Accepted Answer

It can only be used in areas with abundant lichen growth.

Answer

It is non-invasive.

Answer

It is relatively inexpensive.

Answer

It provides a long-term record of weathering.

Question 32

How do climate and vegetation affect weathering and erosion around the world?

Accepted Answer

Climate controls temperature and moisture, affecting weathering rates; vegetation shields surfaces from erosion.

Answer

Vegetation accelerates chemical weathering by releasing acids into the soil; climate has a limited impact on erosion.

Answer

Climate only influences erosion through rainfall; vegetation has no effect on weathering.

Answer

Weathering rates are unaffected by climate; vegetation solely determines erosion patterns.

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a type of weathering?

Accepted Answer

Compaction

Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Physical weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Question 34

Which type of erosion is caused by the transport and deposition of sediment by wind?

Accepted Answer

Wind erosion

Answer

Gravitational erosion

Answer

Glacial erosion

Answer

Water erosion

Question 35

Which of the following is a negative consequence of erosion?

Accepted Answer

Loss of fertile topsoil

Answer

Enhanced water filtration

Answer

Improved air quality

Answer

Reduced flooding risk

Question 36

Which human activity can lead to increased rates of weathering?

Accepted Answer

Removal of vegetation cover

Answer

Planting trees

Answer

Implementing sustainable farming practices

Answer

Developing renewable energy sources

Question 37

Which erosion control technique involves creating level platforms along a slope?

Accepted Answer

Terracing

Answer

Building dams

Answer

Using contour plowing

Answer

Planting vegetation

Question 38

Which process involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Transportation

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 39

Which of the following can be considered a long-term effect of weathering and erosion?

Accepted Answer

Formation of distinct landforms

Answer

Reduced risk of natural disasters

Answer

Increased biodiversity

Answer

Improved soil fertility

Question 40

Which type of weathering breaks down rocks when water freezes and expands in cracks?

Accepted Answer

Frost wedging

Answer

Biological weathering

Answer

Chemical weathering

Answer

Abrasion

Question 41

Which of these DOES NOT directly influence how quickly rocks weather?

Accepted Answer

The presence of earthquakes

Answer

The climate of an area

Answer

The type of rock

Answer

The type of plant and animal life present

Question 42

The process of wearing down and moving rocks by wind, water, or ice is called:

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Question 43

Which type of erosion is mainly responsible for creating caves?

Accepted Answer

Chemical erosion

Answer

Glacial erosion

Answer

Wind erosion

Question 44

When a river carries sand and pebbles and drops them in a new place, this is called:

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Transportation

Question 45

Which landform is most likely shaped by glaciers?

Accepted Answer

U-shaped valley

Answer

Sand dune

Answer

Mesa

Answer

Delta

Question 46

Which of these human activities helps to slow down erosion?

Accepted Answer

Planting trees

Answer

Building houses

Answer

Farming

Answer

Cutting down forests

Question 47

Which type of erosion is most likely to happen on a very steep hillside?

Accepted Answer

Mass wasting

Answer

Wind erosion

Answer

Glacial erosion

Answer

River erosion