Global Development: An Introduction to Key Concepts and Theories

Question 1

What is a defining characteristic that sets developed countries apart from developing nations?

Accepted Answer

Advanced healthcare and high life expectancy

Answer

High poverty and inequality

Answer

Subsistence farming as the main economic activity

Answer

Limited access to clean water and sanitation

Question 2

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes a developed country?

Accepted Answer

High income per capita

Answer

Extensive agriculture

Answer

Limited education

Answer

Dense urban areas

Question 3

Which of the following is not a key indicator of economic development?

Accepted Answer

Political stability

Answer

Gross National Income (GNI) per capita

Answer

Infant mortality rate

Answer

Life expectancy

Question 4

Which characteristic is commonly associated with developing countries due to their relatively young populations?

Accepted Answer

Rapid population growth

Answer

High levels of industrialization

Answer

A high standard of living

Answer

Strong political stability

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an indicator directly related to a country's development level?

Accepted Answer

Number of cars per household

Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita

Answer

Adult literacy rate

Question 6

Which of the following is a characteristic of a **developing** country?

Accepted Answer

High levels of income inequality

Answer

High levels of education

Answer

Low levels of poverty

Answer

Low levels of unemployment

Question 7

Which of these is a characteristic of a developed country?

Accepted Answer

A diversified economy

Answer

Low per capita income

Answer

Rapid population growth

Answer

Political instability

Question 8

Which of the following is a common characteristic of developed countries?

Accepted Answer

High literacy rates

Accepted Answer

Diversified economies

Accepted Answer

Low poverty levels

Answer

High birth rates

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a key principle of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing economic growth over other factors

Answer

Balancing current needs with future resource preservation

Answer

Considering long-term impacts in decision-making

Answer

Protecting natural resources for future generations

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a widely accepted indicator of a country's overall development?

Accepted Answer

Number of shopping malls in a country

Answer

Infant mortality rate

Answer

GDP per capita

Answer

Access to clean water and sanitation

Question 11

Which indicator best measures both economic progress and quality of life in human development?

Accepted Answer

Human Development Index (HDI)

Answer

GDP per capita

Answer

Infant mortality rate

Answer

Literacy rate

Question 12

Which of the following is a key feature of a developing nation?

Accepted Answer

Low income per person

Accepted Answer

High poverty levels

Accepted Answer

Rapid population increase

Answer

Advanced industrialization

Question 13

What is the most accurate description of the holistic nature of development?

Accepted Answer

Development encompasses various dimensions, including economic growth, social progress, environmental sustainability, and cultural preservation.

Answer

Development is solely defined by economic growth, measured by GDP per capita.

Answer

Development exclusively focuses on social advancements, such as access to healthcare and education.

Answer

Development solely considers the perspectives and experiences of developed countries.

Question 14

Which of the following is a typical characteristic of developing countries, but not developed countries?

Accepted Answer

A large agricultural workforce

Answer

High economic growth rates

Answer

Low poverty rates

Answer

High living standards

Question 15

What is a key characteristic that sets developed countries apart from developing countries?

Accepted Answer

Advanced infrastructure and technology

Answer

A mainly agricultural economy

Answer

High levels of poverty and inequality

Answer

Limited access to education and healthcare

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a key dimension of the Human Development Index (HDI)?

Accepted Answer

Carbon Emissions per capita

Answer

Life Expectancy

Answer

Gross National Income per capita

Answer

Access to Education

Question 17

Which of these is NOT a commonly used indicator for measuring economic development?

Accepted Answer

Carbon footprint per capita

Answer

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita

Answer

Life expectancy at birth

Answer

Gross National Income (GNI) per capita

Question 18

Which indicator is NOT used to measure a country's economic development?

Accepted Answer

Gender Inequality Index (GII)

Answer

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita

Answer

Human Development Index (HDI)

Answer

Life expectancy at birth

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a dimension included in the Human Development Index (HDI) for measuring global development?

Accepted Answer

Environmental Sustainability

Answer

Life Expectancy at birth

Answer

Expected years of schooling

Answer

Gross National Income per capita

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a primary indicator of a country's development level?

Accepted Answer

Number of internet users

Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita

Answer

Literacy rate

Question 21

Modernization theory suggests that traditional values and institutions can hinder development. Which of the following is considered an obstacle to development according to this theory?

Accepted Answer

Traditional values and institutions

Answer

Economic growth

Answer

Education

Answer

Technological advancements

Question 22

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with developed countries?

Accepted Answer

Significant income inequality

Answer

High literacy rates

Answer

Low infant mortality rates

Answer

Well-developed infrastructure

Question 23

In the context of global development, what is the most accurate description of this concept?

Accepted Answer

It encompasses economic, social, and environmental transformations as part of a comprehensive and multifaceted process.

Answer

It focuses solely on economic growth, excluding social or environmental factors.

Answer

It is exclusively concerned with enhancing the well-being of individuals in developed nations.

Answer

It represents a process of positive change that encompasses all aspects of a society.

Question 24

Which practice goes against the principles of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Allowing large-scale deforestation for commercial reasons without considering long-term environmental effects

Answer

Protecting areas for endangered species

Answer

Building energy-efficient structures with low carbon emissions

Answer

Promoting renewable energy sources like solar and wind power

Question 25

Which country ranks highest in human development according to the Human Development Index (HDI)?

Accepted Answer

Norway

Answer

China

Answer

United States

Answer

India

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used indicator of a country's level of development?

Accepted Answer

Number of cars per capita

Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Answer

Literacy rate

Question 27

Which of these is NOT a key indicator of a country's development?

Accepted Answer

Military expenditure

Answer

Gross National Income (GNI) per capita

Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Access to clean water

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a key feature of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing short-term economic growth over environmental protection

Answer

Balancing economic, social, and environmental needs

Answer

Meeting the needs of present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs

Answer

Promoting equity and reducing inequality

Question 29

What is a fundamental concept in understanding global development?

Accepted Answer

Improving the well-being of people worldwide

Answer

Adopting Western culture and practices

Answer

Exclusive to wealthy nations

Answer

Always resulting in positive outcomes

Question 30

According to the World Bank, which of these is a key indicator of a country's economic progress?

Accepted Answer

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Answer

Infant mortality rate

Answer

Literacy rate

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Using resources faster than they can be replenished.

Answer

Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the future.

Answer

Improving the quality of life for all.

Answer

Protecting the environment.

Question 32

According to the Brundtland Commission, which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing short-term economic gains over long-term environmental sustainability.

Answer

Balancing economic development, environmental protection, and social equity.

Answer

Ensuring equitable distribution of resources and opportunities within and between societies.

Answer

Integrating environmental considerations into all aspects of decision-making.

Question 33

Which of the following are key indicators of a country's development level?

Accepted Answer

Literacy rate

Accepted Answer

GDP per capita

Accepted Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Political stability

Question 34

Which principle **contradicts** the core tenets of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing short-term economic growth over long-term sustainability

Answer

Balancing economic, social, and environmental needs

Answer

Promoting equity and social justice

Answer

Adopting a precautionary approach to environmental protection

Question 35

Which of the following is a widely used primary measure of economic development?

Accepted Answer

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita

Answer

Infant mortality rate

Answer

Education expenditures as a percentage of GDP

Answer

Number of vehicles per household

Question 36

Which of the following is the primary benefit of education in promoting global development?

Accepted Answer

Education enhances human capital, fostering economic growth and innovation.

Answer

Education solely prepares individuals for specific job roles.

Answer

Education has no direct impact on social progress or societal well-being in developing countries.

Answer

Education remains inaccessible to many in developing countries, limiting its impact on global development.

Question 37

Sustainable development aims to balance the needs of the present generation with those of future generations. Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Compromises the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Answer

Prioritizes long-term sustainability over short-term gains.

Answer

Integrates environmental, social, and economic considerations.

Answer

Addresses the environmental impact of human activities.

Question 38

Sustainable development aims to balance current needs with the needs of future generations. Which action goes against the principles of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing economic growth over environmental protection

Answer

Using renewable resources to reduce environmental impact

Answer

Promoting social equality and reducing income gaps

Answer

Protecting biodiversity for future generations

Question 39

What is the best definition of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Meeting current needs without harming future generations' ability to meet their own needs.

Answer

Focusing only on economic growth.

Answer

Prioritizing short-term gains over long-term benefits.

Answer

Ignoring the environmental impact.

Question 40

Which of the following is a characteristic of a developing country?

Accepted Answer

Large agricultural sector

Answer

High standard of living

Answer

Low infant mortality rate

Answer

High levels of education

Question 41

Which of the following is **not** a common indicator used to measure economic development?

Accepted Answer

Birth rate

Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Infant mortality rate

Answer

GDP per capita

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of sustainable development?

Accepted Answer

Focusing solely on maximizing economic growth without considering environmental or social impacts

Answer

Balancing economic growth, social progress, and environmental protection

Answer

Prioritizing the needs of present and future generations

Answer

Adopting a long-term perspective, considering the impact of decisions on future generations

Question 43

Examine the main criticisms of modernization theory. Explain how these criticisms have influenced our understanding of development in developing nations.

Accepted Answer

Modernization theory overlooks the influence of culture and tradition on development.

Accepted Answer

Modernization theory presumes all developing nations will follow the same path to development as Western nations.

Accepted Answer

Modernization theory fails to consider the impact of imperialism and colonialism on development outcomes.

Answer

Modernization theory has effectively promoted economic growth and development in developing nations.

Question 44

How does education contribute to global development? Explain how it improves living standards and empowers individuals.

Accepted Answer

Education is essential for global development as it equips individuals with the knowledge, skills, and values needed to participate in society and contribute to economic progress.

Answer

Education only benefits individuals and has no impact on broader societal development.

Answer

Education is primarily a tool for social control, ensuring conformity and preserving power structures.

Answer

Education is only relevant to the elite and has little significance for most people in developing countries.

Question 45

How does microfinance contribute to financial inclusion and economic empowerment in developing countries?

Accepted Answer

Microfinance primarily provides small loans to low-income individuals and micro-entrepreneurs.

Answer

Microfinance is exclusively available to women, limiting access for men.

Answer

Microfinance is a guaranteed solution to poverty, ensuring long-term economic prosperity.

Answer

Microfinance has no impact on reducing income inequality in developing countries.

Question 46

Identify the concept that does not align with the core principles of global development:

Accepted Answer

Nationalism

Answer

Economic growth

Answer

Social justice

Answer

Environmental sustainability

Question 47

According to Rostow's modernization theory, which stage is marked by substantial industrialization and urbanization?

Accepted Answer

Takeoff

Answer

Preconditions to takeoff

Answer

Drive to maturity

Answer

Age of high mass consumption

Question 48

Which of the following is a key indicator used to measure human development?

Accepted Answer

Human Development Index (HDI)

Answer

Gross domestic product (GDP)

Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Literacy rate

Question 49

Which of the following approaches to development emphasizes community involvement and participation?

Accepted Answer

Community-led projects

Answer

Government-led infrastructure projects

Answer

International aid programs

Answer

Foreign direct investment

Question 50

Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the disparity in development between urban and rural areas?

Accepted Answer

High birth rates in rural areas

Answer

Lack of infrastructure in rural areas

Answer

Migration of skilled workers to cities

Answer

Government policies that favor urban development

Question 51

Identify a prevalent challenge encountered by developing countries.

Accepted Answer

High levels of poverty and inequality.

Answer

Strong and stable economies.

Answer

Advanced educational systems.

Answer

Effective healthcare systems.

Question 52

Distinguish between a developed and a developing country based on a key difference.

Accepted Answer

Access to healthcare and education.

Answer

Level of urbanization.

Answer

Geographic location.

Answer

Cultural diversity.

Question 53

Rapid population growth in developing countries can potentially lead to which consequence?

Accepted Answer

Increased pressure on resources and infrastructure.

Answer

Improved economic growth.

Answer

Reduced levels of poverty.

Answer

Enhanced social cohesion.

Question 54

The neoclassical theory of development emphasizes which principle?

Accepted Answer

Free markets and private investment drive development.

Answer

Government intervention is crucial for economic growth.

Answer

Development primarily stems from cultural factors.

Answer

International aid is indispensable for development.

Question 55

Which approach to development focuses on empowering individuals, ensuring their safety, and improving their overall well-being?

Accepted Answer

Human-centered development

Answer

Capitalist development

Answer

Environmental development

Answer

Sustainable development

Question 56

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a developing country? Select the best choice.

Accepted Answer

Low levels of human development

Answer

High levels of economic growth

Answer

Advanced technological infrastructure

Answer

Political stability

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of the Human Development Index?

Accepted Answer

Gender equality

Answer

Education

Answer

Health

Answer

Income

Question 58

Which development theory places primary importance on economic growth and industrialization?

Accepted Answer

Modernization theory

Answer

Dependency theory

Answer

Neo-liberal theory

Answer

Sustainable development theory

Question 59

What is a key characteristic of the neo-liberal approach to development?

Accepted Answer

Free market principles

Answer

Government intervention in the economy

Answer

Social welfare programs

Answer

Environmental regulation

Question 60

Which of the following is an example of a non-governmental organization (NGO) involved in global development?

Accepted Answer

Red Cross

Answer

World Bank

Answer

United Nations

Answer

International Monetary Fund

Question 61

How does democratization positively contribute to economic development?

Accepted Answer

Enhances political stability

Accepted Answer

Attracts foreign investors

Accepted Answer

Reduces corruption

Answer

Increases government spending

Question 62

How can trade liberalization contribute to economic development in developing countries?

Accepted Answer

Trade liberalization can provide access to new markets, leading to exports, jobs, and growth.

Answer

Trade liberalization always leads to increased economic growth.

Answer

Trade liberalization has no impact on economic development.

Answer

Trade liberalization always leads to a fairer distribution of income.

Question 63

How does the effectiveness of international development organizations vary in reducing global poverty and inequality?

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of international development organizations varies based on factors like funding, governance, and local contexts.

Answer

International development organizations have consistently eliminated global poverty and inequality.

Answer

International development organizations have had no impact on global poverty and inequality.

Question 64

Which indicator is NOT directly related to measuring global development?

Accepted Answer

Political stability

Answer

Life expectancy

Answer

Literacy rate

Answer

GDP per capita