The Digestive System: Structure, Function, and Health

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the liver?

Accepted Answer

Secretes insulin

Answer

Produces bile

Answer

Stores glucose as glycogen

Answer

Filters toxins from the blood

Question 2

The process by which food is broken down mechanically and chemically into smaller molecules is called:

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Ingestion

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Excretion

Question 3

The primary site for nutrient absorption, including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and vitamins, is the:

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Question 4

Which hormone triggers the gallbladder to release bile into the small intestine to aid in fat digestion?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Insulin

Question 5

Which of the following is a common digestive disorder that involves inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori?

Accepted Answer

Gastritis

Answer

Peptic ulcer

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome

Answer

Crohn's disease

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a mechanical process involved in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Chemical digestion

Answer

Peristalsis

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Mastication

Question 7

What is the primary function of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

To store and break down food

Answer

To absorb nutrients

Answer

To secrete enzymes for chemical digestion

Answer

To produce bile

Question 8

Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Sucrase

Question 9

What is the primary role of the small intestine in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

To absorb nutrients

Answer

To secrete digestive enzymes

Answer

To store food

Answer

To produce hormones

Question 10

Which of the following is the largest glandular organ in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Small intestine

Question 11

What is the primary function of bile in digestion?

Accepted Answer

To emulsify fats

Answer

To neutralize stomach acid

Answer

To absorb nutrients

Answer

To secrete enzymes

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of maintaining a healthy digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Improved nutrient absorption

Answer

Reduced risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Increased energy levels

Question 13

What is the main function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

To absorb water

Answer

To secrete enzymes

Answer

To store food

Answer

To produce bile

Question 14

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins into simpler molecules during digestion?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Sucrase

Question 15

Identify the accessory organ responsible for storing and releasing bile into the digestive system.

Accepted Answer

Gallbladder

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Appendix

Question 16

What is the main function of villi and microvilli in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Absorbing nutrients from digested food

Answer

Secreting enzymes for digestion

Answer

Propelling food through the digestive system

Answer

Storing undigested food

Question 17

Which hormone plays a crucial role in stimulating the production and release of pancreatic juices?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Insulin

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Absorbing nutrients like carbohydrates and proteins

Answer

Absorbing water

Answer

Synthesizing vitamin K

Answer

Eliminating solid waste

Question 19

What is the primary cause of lactose intolerance in individuals?

Accepted Answer

Deficiency of lactase enzyme

Answer

Dairy product allergy

Answer

Bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine

Answer

Insufficient hydrochloric acid in the stomach

Question 20

Which dietary recommendation is essential for maintaining a healthy digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring adequate intake of dietary fiber

Answer

Consuming a diet high in processed foods

Answer

Eating excessive amounts of saturated fat

Answer

Limiting fluid intake

Question 21

Identify the primary function of the esophagus in the digestive system.

Accepted Answer

Transporting food from the mouth to the stomach

Answer

Digesting food into simpler molecules

Answer

Absorbing nutrients from food

Answer

Storing waste products

Question 22

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Question 23

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for initiating the breakdown of carbohydrates in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Lactase

Question 24

The primary site for nutrient absorption in the digestive tract is the:

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Pancreas

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a function of the gallbladder?

Accepted Answer

Production of bile

Answer

Storage of bile

Answer

Concentration of bile

Answer

Release of bile into the small intestine

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D synthesis

Answer

Water absorption

Answer

Electrolyte absorption

Answer

Defecation

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Digesting carbohydrates

Answer

Absorbing water and electrolytes

Answer

Producing mucus

Answer

Eliminating waste

Question 28

How do respiratory issues affect gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory problems can aggravate GERD symptoms.

Answer

GERD can trigger respiratory problems like asthma.

Answer

Respiratory problems and GERD are not related.

Question 29

Which hormone triggers the release of gastric acid in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Insulin

Question 30

Identify the muscular tube that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach.

Accepted Answer

Esophagus

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Larynx

Answer

Bronchus

Question 31

Which hormone secreted by the stomach plays a crucial role in stimulating gastric acid secretion?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Glucagon

Question 32

Among the following, identify the primary functions of the liver in digestion:

Accepted Answer

Produces bile and detoxifies blood

Answer

Stores digestive enzymes

Answer

Absorbs nutrients

Answer

Secretes hormones

Question 33

Which of the following is not a common symptom of indigestion?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue

Answer

Abdominal pain

Answer

Heartburn

Answer

Nausea

Question 34

To minimize the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), what lifestyle modification is recommended?

Accepted Answer

Maintain a healthy weight and avoid overeating

Answer

Consume large meals before bedtime

Answer

Engage in strenuous exercise after meals

Question 35

Which nutrient is not primarily absorbed in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Fats

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 36

Identify the organ responsible for secreting digestive enzymes and regulating blood sugar levels:

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Liver

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Gallbladder

Question 37

Which of the following does NOT influence the rate at which food is digested?

Accepted Answer

Body mass index

Answer

pH level

Answer

Surface area of food particles

Answer

Temperature

Question 38

Which component of the digestive system is primarily responsible for absorbing most of the nutrients from food?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Stomach

Question 39

Which enzyme, primarily secreted by the pancreas, plays a key role in breaking down proteins during digestion?

Accepted Answer

Protease

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Pepsin

Question 40

What is the primary role of bile in the digestive process, particularly in relation to fats?

Accepted Answer

Emulsifies fats

Answer

Neutralizes stomach acid

Answer

Absorbs nutrients

Answer

Breaks down carbohydrates

Question 41

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the production and secretion of gastric juices in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Question 42

What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine in relation to nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for absorption

Answer

Produce digestive enzymes

Answer

Transport food

Answer

Store bile

Question 43

Which of the following is not typically considered a common symptom of indigestion?

Accepted Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Abdominal pain

Answer

Heartburn

Answer

Nausea

Question 44

What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Absorb water and electrolytes

Answer

Store bile

Answer

Produce enzymes

Answer

Digest food

Question 45

Which of the following factors is known to contribute to constipation, a common digestive issue?

Accepted Answer

Low fiber intake

Answer

Regular exercise

Answer

Sufficient sleep

Answer

High water intake

Question 46

Which of the following is considered a practical and effective measure to prevent heartburn, a common digestive discomfort?

Accepted Answer

Elevate head of bed after eating

Answer

Eat large meals

Answer

Consume spicy foods

Answer

Lie down immediately after eating

Question 47

Which statement accurately describes the overall function and complexity of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

It is a complex system that breaks down food and absorbs nutrients.

Answer

It is not affected by diet or lifestyle.

Answer

It is only responsible for food digestion.