Cell Structure Learning Quizzes: Master the Building Blocks of Life

Question 1

The nucleus of a cell primarily functions to:

Accepted Answer

Contain the cell's genetic material

Answer

Direct protein synthesis

Answer

Produce ribosomes

Answer

Facilitate cell division

Question 2

In which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up along the cell equator?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Protein modification

Answer

Protein packaging

Answer

Lipid synthesis

Question 4

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

To regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell

Answer

To store genetic information

Answer

To synthesize lipids

Answer

To provide structural support

Question 5

Which organelle is responsible for the synthesis of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Mitochondrion

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Lysosome

Question 6

Which of the following mechanisms describes passive transport across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Exocytosis

Question 7

What is the primary role of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

To generate energy for the cell

Answer

To store nutrient reserves

Answer

To synthesize proteins

Answer

To regulate cell growth

Question 8

Which of the following functions is associated with the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Packaging and modifying proteins and lipids

Answer

Synthesizing lipids

Answer

Breaking down waste products

Answer

Producing new proteins

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing new proteins

Answer

Digesting cellular waste

Answer

Degrading foreign substances

Answer

Aiding in cellular repair

Question 10

What is the primary function of the cell membrane in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Regulates the passage of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Contains the cell's DNA

Answer

Provides energy for the cell

Answer

Controls cell division

Question 11

What is the primary role of the nucleolus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Assembles ribosomes

Answer

Synthesizes proteins

Answer

Contains the cell's genetic material

Answer

Controls cell division

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a difference between plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Presence of a cell wall

Answer

Presence of chloroplasts

Answer

Presence of a vacuole

Question 13

Which organelle in plant cells is responsible for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Nucleus

Question 14

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Packages and modifies proteins, preparing them for secretion or storage

Answer

Synthesizes lipids

Answer

Breaks down waste products

Answer

Stores genetic material

Question 15

In eukaryotic cells, where does protein synthesis take place?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 16

Which organelle is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Chloroplasts

Question 17

The cell membrane is primarily composed of:

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 18

The structure responsible for controlling the movement of materials into and out of the cell is the:

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleolus

Question 19

Which organelle is known as the 'powerhouse of the cell'?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Nucleus

Question 20

The nucleus of the cell contains:

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cell membrane

Question 21

Which organelle is primarily responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 22

The cell membrane is composed primarily of which biomolecule?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a function of the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

ATP production

Answer

Controlling cell activities

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Storing genetic material

Question 24

The Golgi apparatus is involved primarily in:

Accepted Answer

Protein modification and packaging

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Waste removal

Question 25

Diffusion is an example of which type of transport mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Passive

Answer

Active

Answer

Facilitated

Answer

Bulk

Question 26

Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Answer

Absence of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Smaller size compared to prokaryotic cells

Answer

Circular DNA

Question 27

Mitochondria are primarily responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration and ATP production

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Lipid metabolism

Answer

Waste removal

Question 28

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Chloroplast

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing proteins

Answer

Regulating the passage of substances into and out of the cell

Answer

Controlling the cell's activities

Answer

Communicating with other cells

Question 30

Which type of cell division results in daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 31

Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Lysosome

Answer

Chloroplast

Question 32

The nucleus is surrounded by a membrane known as the:

Accepted Answer

Nuclear envelope

Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Cell membrane

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 33

Which organelle is present in plant cells but not in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Vacuoles

Answer

Lysosomes

Question 34

The cytosol is the:

Accepted Answer

Fluid-filled space within the cell

Answer

Jelly-like substance that fills the nucleus

Answer

Outer membrane of the cell

Answer

Region where proteins are synthesised

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Regulating cellular metabolism, including nutrient uptake and waste removal

Answer

Providing structural support and maintaining cell shape

Answer

Facilitating cell movement, such as cytoplasmic streaming and cell division

Answer

Organizing intracellular compartments and organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria

Question 36

Which of the following correctly describes the relative sizes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells are much larger than prokaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells are much larger than eukaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are about the same size.

Answer

Eukaryotic cells can be seen with the naked eye, but prokaryotic cells cannot.

Question 37

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Membrane-bound nucleus

Answer

Absence of a cell wall

Answer

Lack of membrane-bound organelles

Answer

Smaller cell size

Question 38

The primary function of the cell membrane is to:

Accepted Answer

Regulate the exchange of substances between the cell and its surroundings

Answer

Store genetic material

Answer

Synthesize proteins

Answer

Provide structural support

Question 39

Which of the following organelles is responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 40

The process by which a cell divides into two identical daughter cells is known as:

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Interphase

Question 41

Which of the following is an example of passive transport across the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Exocytosis

Question 42

The nucleus of a cell contains:

Accepted Answer

Genetic material (DNA)

Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Question 43

Which of the following is a primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modifies and packages proteins

Answer

Breaks down waste products

Answer

Stores energy

Answer

Synthesizes lipids

Question 44

Which of the following is a type of cell junction that allows for direct communication between adjacent cells?

Accepted Answer

Gap junction

Answer

Tight junction

Answer

Desmosome

Answer

Hemidesmosome

Question 45

A fundamental difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells is that:

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells possess a membrane-bound nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not.

Answer

Eukaryotic cells lack ribosomes.

Answer

Eukaryotic cells have a cell wall, unlike prokaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells are larger in size than eukaryotic cells.

Question 46

Identify the key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells:

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic cells possess a nucleus enclosed by a nuclear membrane, while prokaryotic cells lack a true nucleus and have their genetic material dispersed in the cytoplasm.

Answer

Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.

Answer

Prokaryotic cells besitzen a cell wall, whereas eukaryotic cells do not.

Question 47

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell, maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Answer

Stores and protects the cell's genetic information.

Answer

Synthesizes ribosomes, essential for protein synthesis.

Question 48

What is the primary role of the nucleus?

Accepted Answer

Houses and protects the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.

Answer

Synthesizes proteins, essential for cellular function.

Answer

Generates energy for the cell through ATP production.

Answer

Packages and secretes various molecules.

Question 49

Which type of cell division results in two genetically identical daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Question 50

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other molecules for secretion or storage.

Answer

Breaks down waste products and cellular debris.

Answer

Converts light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Answer

Produces ribosomes, essential for protein synthesis.

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Microfilaments

Answer

Intermediate filaments

Answer

Microtubules

Question 52

What is the primary function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizes and processes lipids, proteins, and other cellular components.

Answer

Breaks down waste products and cellular debris.

Answer

Packages and secretes molecules.

Question 53

Which of the following is a unique characteristic of plant cells?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose cell wall

Answer

Ribosomes

Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cytoplasm

Question 54

What is the primary function of lysosomes?

Accepted Answer

Contain digestive enzymes and break down waste products, cellular debris, and foreign materials.

Answer

Synthesize proteins.

Answer

Package and secrete molecules.