Ethics Quizzes for Sixth Form College Year 13 Philosophy Students

Question 1

In virtue ethics, which factor is considered central to ethical decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Agent's character

Answer

Consequences of an action

Answer

Moral law

Answer

Principle of utility

Question 2

In virtue ethics, what is a defining characteristic of an individual with a virtuous character?

Accepted Answer

Regularly showing virtuous qualities like honesty and kindness

Answer

Always following societal rules

Answer

Making perfect moral choices all the time

Answer

Acting only in their own best interests

Question 3

Which of the following is **NOT** a characteristic of virtue ethics?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on rules and principles

Answer

Focus on developing good character

Answer

Recognition of the importance of context

Answer

Holistic approach to morality

Question 4

Which aspect is the primary focus of virtue ethics?

Accepted Answer

Cultivating virtuous character traits

Answer

Maximizing overall happiness or utility

Answer

Following universal moral rules or duties

Answer

Applying reason and logic to ethical decision-making

Question 5

In virtue ethics, what is the primary goal of human behavior?

Accepted Answer

Fulfilling one's potential and living a life of excellence.

Answer

Achieving the highest levels of happiness and pleasure.

Answer

Strictly following religious teachings.

Answer

Minimizing pain and suffering.

Question 6

Which ethical theory emphasizes the outcomes of actions, aiming to maximize overall happiness for the majority?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarian

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Care ethics

Question 7

Which of the following is **not** a fundamental characteristic of Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

The principle of utility

Answer

The categorical imperative

Answer

The principle of universalizability

Answer

The concept of duty

Question 8

Which principle is the foundation of utilitarianism?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing the greatest happiness for the greatest number.

Answer

Justifying actions based solely on their intended outcomes.

Answer

Defining virtue as the highest ethical goal.

Answer

Establishing duty as the foundation of moral obligations.

Question 9

Which principle is NOT a cornerstone of Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

Utility

Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Universalizability

Answer

Duty

Question 10

Which principle is NOT a core tenet of utilitarianism?

Accepted Answer

Categorical Imperative

Answer

Greatest Happiness Principle

Answer

Act-utilitarianism vs. Rule-utilitarianism

Answer

Principle of Utility

Question 11

Which principle is not a cornerstone of Immanuel Kant's ethical theory?

Accepted Answer

Greatest happiness principle

Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Universalizability

Answer

Concept of duty

Question 12

In utilitarianism, which principle guides ethical decision-making, emphasizing the maximization of overall well-being?

Accepted Answer

Principle of utility

Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Principle of justice

Answer

Virtue of prudence

Question 13

Which principle is NOT a cornerstone of Immanuel Kant's ethical theory?

Accepted Answer

Utility

Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Universalizability

Answer

Respect for persons

Question 14

In Kantian ethics, what is the key factor in determining the moral value of an action?

Accepted Answer

Following the principle of universalizability

Answer

Following the principle of utility

Answer

Following the principle of care

Answer

Following the principle of self-interest

Question 15

Which feature is NOT characteristic of Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

The principle of utility

Answer

The categorical imperative

Answer

The principle of universalizability

Answer

The concept of duty

Question 16

Which of the following concepts is NOT a core principle of Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

Greatest happiness principle

Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Universalizability

Answer

Duty

Question 17

Which characteristic does NOT align with Aristotle's concept of virtue, as presented in the Nicomachean Ethics?

Accepted Answer

Virtue is a fleeting character trait.

Answer

Virtue represents a balance between extremes.

Answer

Virtue reflects a lasting tendency to act rationally.

Answer

Virtue stems from education and practice, not nature.

Question 18

Which concept is **not** a core component of virtue ethics?

Accepted Answer

Universalizability

Answer

Arete

Answer

Eudaimonia

Answer

Physis

Question 19

Which ethical theory prioritizes the consequences of actions and aims to maximize happiness for the majority?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Care ethics

Question 20

Which principle is NOT a cornerstone of Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

Principle of utility

Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Principle of universalizability

Answer

Concept of duty

Question 21

In virtue ethics, which concept emphasizes the well-being and flourishing of individuals?

Accepted Answer

Eudaimonia

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Feminist ethics

Question 22

Which of the following concepts is **exclusive** to Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Principle of universalizability

Answer

Principle of duty

Answer

Principle of utility

Question 23

Which concept is NOT a fundamental principle in Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

Greatest happiness principle

Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Principle of universalizability

Answer

Concept of duty

Question 24

Which criticism of utilitarianism claims that it can prioritize the interests of the majority over the interests of the minority?

Accepted Answer

It ignores the distribution of well-being.

Answer

It fails to consider individual rights.

Answer

It requires precise measurements of happiness.

Answer

It promotes selfish behavior.

Question 25

Which element is NOT part of Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative?

Accepted Answer

Reversibility

Answer

Universality

Answer

Good will

Answer

Consistency

Question 26

Which of the following is not a fundamental concept in virtue ethics?

Accepted Answer

Hedonism

Answer

Eudaimonia

Answer

Arete

Answer

Phronesis

Question 27

What is the **primary** difference between psychological egoism and ethical egoism?

Accepted Answer

Psychological egoism describes how people act, while ethical egoism prescribes how they should act.

Answer

Psychological egoism focuses on the motivation behind actions, while ethical egoism focuses on the consequences of actions.

Answer

Psychological egoism is a theory about human nature, while ethical egoism is a theory about morality.

Answer

Psychological egoism claims people only act out of self-interest, while ethical egoism claims it is morally acceptable to do so.

Question 28

According to Kantian ethics, an action is morally right if it:

Accepted Answer

Complies with the principle of universalizability

Answer

Maximizes happiness for the majority

Answer

Originates from a divine source

Answer

Adheres to societal customs

Question 29

In Immanuel Kant's theory, what is the defining principle of free will?

Accepted Answer

Acting according to reason and moral duty

Answer

Acting without external influences

Answer

Controlling one's thoughts and desires

Answer

Choosing between good and evil

Question 30

In care ethics, empathy is central. How does empathy contribute to this ethical framework?

Accepted Answer

Empathy enables individuals to go beyond their own perspectives, considering the experiences and emotions of others, fostering a sense of interconnectedness.

Answer

Empathy is seen as a weakness that can hinder moral judgment.

Answer

Empathy is limited to feelings of pity and sympathy, which are insufficient for ethical decision-making.

Question 31

Which principle is NOT a cornerstone of Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

The principle of self-interest

Answer

The categorical imperative

Answer

The principle of universalizability

Question 32

What is a key characteristic that sets virtue ethics apart from other ethical theories?

Accepted Answer

It considers virtues as character traits that promote well-being.

Answer

It prioritizes the consequences of actions in ethical evaluations.

Answer

It holds that actions are inherently right or wrong, regardless of the actor's intentions.

Question 33

Which criticism is commonly leveled against act utilitarianism?

Accepted Answer

It can justify actions that go against our moral instincts.

Answer

It's too hard to use in real life.

Answer

It encourages people to be overly self-centered.

Answer

It doesn't consider the reasons behind actions.

Question 34

Which feature is NOT associated with virtue ethics, unlike utilitarianism?

Accepted Answer

Focus on consequences of actions

Answer

Emphasis on virtuous character traits

Answer

Recognition of practical wisdom

Question 35

Which characteristic is NOT associated with meta-ethics?

Accepted Answer

Presents a set of rules for making ethical decisions

Answer

Analyzes the meaning of ethical concepts and language

Answer

Examines the psychological and sociological influences on moral beliefs

Question 36

According to Aristotle's virtue ethics, which trait is NOT characteristic of a virtuous person?

Accepted Answer

Gluttony

Answer

Courage

Answer

Temperance

Question 37

Identify the condition that is NOT a necessary requirement for an action to be considered morally right according to Kant's categorical imperative:

Accepted Answer

The action must produce the greatest possible happiness for the greatest number of people.

Answer

The action must comply with a universalizable maxim.

Answer

The action must be performed out of a sense of duty.

Answer

The action must be compatible with human nature.

Question 38

In care ethics, what is a key focus?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing individuals' well-being in their contexts

Answer

Applying rules and principles impartially

Answer

Pursuing universal happiness

Answer

Developing virtuous character

Question 39

Which of the following is a distinctive feature of virtue ethics?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on developing a virtuous character

Answer

Rejection of all moral rules

Answer

Focus on maximizing overall happiness

Answer

Reliance on reason as the sole moral guide

Question 40

Which ethical principle should guide international relations and cooperation in addressing global poverty?

Accepted Answer

All nations have a moral duty to collaborate in reducing global poverty, regardless of their interests or differences.

Answer

Nations should have absolute sovereignty, even if it results in human rights violations.

Answer

Wealthy nations should aid poorer nations only when it benefits their own interests.

Answer

Military force is morally acceptable only to prevent extreme atrocities like genocide.

Question 41

In the context of climate change, which ethical concern is best addressed by ensuring that future generations have access to the same natural resources that we enjoy today?

Accepted Answer

Intergenerational justice

Answer

Mitigation of climate change impacts

Answer

Future generations' environmental decision-making rights

Answer

Compensation for environmental damage

Question 42

How do emotions influence ethical decision-making? Consider both the advantages and disadvantages of using emotions to guide our moral choices.

Accepted Answer

Emotions can be valuable in ethical decisions when used alongside rational reasoning, providing insights and highlighting potential consequences.

Answer

Emotions should be the sole basis for ethical decisions, as they allow us to empathize with others.

Answer

Emotions should be completely ignored in ethical decisions, as they can lead to irrational choices.

Answer

Emotions have no role in ethical decisions, as they are unreliable and subjective, leading to inconsistent moral judgments.

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ethical dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

They can be definitively solved through the application of a single rule.

Answer

They involve a conflict between two or more equally compelling moral principles.

Answer

They have no clear or easy solution.

Answer

They require us to consider the potential consequences of our actions.

Question 44

According to utilitarianism, the morally correct action is the one that:

Accepted Answer

Produces the most happiness for the greatest number of people.

Answer

Produces the most pleasure for the individual.

Answer

Generates the most wealth for society.

Answer

Promotes the development of virtue in individuals.

Question 45

Which ethical theory prioritizes fulfilling one's duties and obligations?

Accepted Answer

Kantianism

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Existentialism

Question 46

Which philosopher argued that human reason is the sole foundation of morality?

Accepted Answer

Immanuel Kant

Answer

John Stuart Mill

Answer

David Hume

Answer

Søren Kierkegaard

Question 47

According to virtue ethics, a life well-lived is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Virtue

Answer

Wealth

Answer

Power

Answer

Pleasure

Question 48

What is the central tenet of existentialism in ethics?

Accepted Answer

There is no objective morality.

Answer

We should always follow our duties.

Answer

The pursuit of happiness is the highest moral goal.

Answer

Reason alone can guide us to moral action.

Question 49

In the context of using animals in entertainment, which ethical principle should be prioritized?

Accepted Answer

Animal well-being

Answer

Consent

Answer

Financial gain

Answer

Cultural heritage

Question 50

Define the principle of sustainability in the context of environmental ethics.

Accepted Answer

Ensuring current needs are met without hindering future generations from meeting their own.

Answer

Prioritizing immediate economic benefits over preserving natural resources for the future.

Answer

Using natural resources without regard for their long-term availability.

Question 51

What is the key difference between consequentialism and non-consequentialism in ethical decision-making?

Accepted Answer

Consequentialism focuses on the results of actions, while non-consequentialism focuses on the inherent rightness or wrongness of actions.

Answer

Consequentialism aligns with rational thinking, while non-consequentialism relies on emotional responses.

Answer

Consequentialism is exclusively utilitarian, while non-consequentialism encompasses various forms.

Answer

Non-consequentialism aligns strictly with deontological ethics, while consequentialism can be either deontological or teleological.

Question 52

In the context of distributive justice, what is the primary responsibility of governments in tackling social inequality and economic disparities?

Accepted Answer

To create a society where everyone has the opportunity to live a fulfilling life

Answer

To completely eliminate all forms of inequality

Answer

To ensure an equal distribution of resources to all individuals

Answer

To punish those who have benefited from inequality

Question 53

In the context of autonomous weapons systems, which ethical principle prioritizes preventing harm to civilians?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Autonomy

Question 54

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of deontology?

Accepted Answer

Priority of duties and rules.

Answer

Emphasis on consequences of actions.

Answer

Subjectivity of moral values.

Answer

Inherent goodness or badness of actions.

Question 55

According to utilitarianism, the best action is the one that brings about:

Accepted Answer

The greatest overall happiness.

Answer

The most pleasure for the most people.

Answer

The least amount of pain for the most people.

Answer

The greatest adherence to religious principles.

Question 56

One key argument in favor of religious ethics is that morality:

Accepted Answer

Is revealed through divine guidance.

Answer

Is based solely on human reason.

Answer

Is independent of any religious beliefs.

Answer

Is inherently subjective and personal.

Question 57

The approach to ethics that emphasizes the use of reason to determine right from wrong is known as:

Accepted Answer

Ethical rationalism.

Answer

Moral emotivism.

Answer

Religious ethics.

Answer

Virtue ethics.

Question 58

The principle of 'ought implies can' states that:

Accepted Answer

Moral obligations are only meaningful if they are feasible.

Answer

All feasible actions are morally obligatory.

Answer

Moral obligations are unrelated to what is possible.

Answer

Obligations can be imposed even for impossible actions.

Question 59

The ethical principle that instructs us to treat others as we expect to be treated is known as:

Accepted Answer

The golden rule.

Answer

Kant's categorical imperative.

Answer

The principle of utility.

Answer

The virtue of empathy.

Question 60

Aristotle's concept of eudaimonia refers to:

Accepted Answer

The ultimate goal of human life.

Answer

A state of perfect happiness.

Answer

The avoidance of pain and suffering.

Answer

The pursuit of personal freedom.

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT one of Aristotle's cardinal virtues?

Accepted Answer

Honesty.

Answer

Courage.

Answer

Prudence.

Answer

Temperance.

Question 62

In the medical field, virtual and augmented reality offer potential benefits. However, which of the following is an ethical concern associated with their use?

Accepted Answer

Potential reduction in human interaction

Answer

Enhanced surgical precision

Answer

Reduced patient discomfort

Answer

Increased accessibility to healthcare

Question 63

Which characteristic is NOT a central principle of Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

Consequentialism

Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Universalizability

Answer

Respect for autonomy

Question 64

Which ethical theory emphasizes maximizing overall happiness as the primary moral objective?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Libertarianism

Answer

Egalitarianism

Answer

Virtue Ethics