Attachment and Relationships: Theories, Types, and Impact on Development

Question 1

According to Bowlby's attachment theory, what is the primary function of an attachment figure?

Accepted Answer

To offer protection and security

Answer

To provide sustenance

Answer

To teach social norms

Answer

To gratify sexual needs

Question 2

Which attachment style is characterized by a child's intense fear of abandonment?

Accepted Answer

Anxious-ambivalent attachment

Answer

Secure attachment

Answer

Avoidant attachment

Answer

Disorganized attachment

Question 3

Which of the following is a characteristic of insecure attachment in infancy?

Accepted Answer

Child avoids or resists interaction with caregiver

Answer

Child feels comfortable exploring environment with caregiver present

Answer

Child seeks comfort from caregiver when distressed

Answer

Child interacts with caregiver consistently and predictably

Question 4

According to Bowlby's attachment theory, which of the following is a crucial factor influencing the development of attachment?

Accepted Answer

Consistency of caregiver's availability and responsiveness

Answer

Child's temperament

Answer

Parent-infant bonding

Answer

Social learning

Question 5

According to Ainsworth's Strange Situation procedure, which behavior is NOT indicative of secure attachment?

Accepted Answer

Child avoids or ignores caregiver upon their return

Answer

Child explores freely when caregiver is present

Answer

Child protests when caregiver leaves

Answer

Child seeks comfort from caregiver upon their return

Question 6

Which of the following is a limitation of the meta-analytic approach to attachment research?

Accepted Answer

Can lead to biased conclusions if studies are not carefully selected

Answer

Combines results from multiple studies

Answer

Increases statistical power

Answer

Provides an overview of attachment research literature

Question 7

In attachment theory, which concept is strongly linked to internal working models?

Accepted Answer

Attachment style

Answer

Primary caregiver

Answer

Stranger anxiety

Question 8

Which classroom strategy can educators use to promote attachment among students?

Accepted Answer

Establishing a stable and supportive environment

Answer

Ignoring students who display disruptive behaviors

Answer

Providing excessive praise to students

Question 9

According to Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation procedure, which of the following behaviors is characteristic of an insecure-avoidant child?

Accepted Answer

Avoids contact with the caregiver when they return

Answer

Shows excessive distress when the caregiver leaves

Answer

Alternates between seeking and avoiding contact with the caregiver

Answer

Shows no clear pattern of behavior

Question 10

Which of the following concepts is related to the idea that attachment relationships provide a secure base for exploration?

Accepted Answer

Attachment security

Answer

Attachment regulation

Answer

Attachment quality

Answer

Attachment prototype

Question 11

What is the main purpose of the Still-Face paradigm?

Accepted Answer

To study infant emotional regulation

Answer

To measure infant attachment security

Answer

To assess caregiver sensitivity

Answer

To examine infant cognitive development

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of disorganized attachment?

Accepted Answer

Avoidance of the caregiver

Answer

Inconsistent and contradictory behaviors

Answer

Stereotyped and repetitive movements

Answer

Approaching and then suddenly withdrawing from the caregiver

Question 13

According to Ainsworth's Strange Situation, which type of attachment is characterised by a baby who actively avoids their caregiver when they return after a separation?

Accepted Answer

Avoidant

Answer

Secure

Answer

Ambivalent

Answer

Disorganised

Question 14

Hazan and Shaver's research on adult attachment styles suggests that people with which type of attachment tend to be more anxious in romantic relationships?

Accepted Answer

Anxious-preoccupied

Answer

Secure

Answer

Avoidant-dismissive

Answer

Fearful-avoidant

Question 15

According to attachment theory, what is the internal working model?

Accepted Answer

A set of beliefs and expectations about oneself and others that is formed through attachment experiences

Answer

A cognitive representation of the caregiver

Answer

A personality trait that is inherited

Answer

A behavioural pattern that is learned through conditioning

Question 16

Which of the following characteristics is NOT associated with secure attachment?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty forming close relationships

Answer

A positive self-concept

Answer

Trust in others

Answer

Effective emotional regulation

Question 17

According to John Bowlby's attachment theory, the primary caregiver's primary role is to:

Accepted Answer

Provide a secure base and foster emotional development

Answer

Set firm boundaries and enforce discipline

Answer

Promote independence and self-reliance

Answer

Control and dominate the child's behaviour

Question 18

What is the name of the research method developed by Mary Ainsworth to observe attachment behaviours in infants?

Accepted Answer

Strange Situation Procedure

Answer

Free Play Observation

Answer

Interview-based assessment

Answer

Behavioural Coding System

Question 19

Which of the following is a key characteristic of disorganised attachment?

Accepted Answer

Inconsistent and confusing behaviour towards the attachment figure

Answer

Fearful and avoidant behaviour

Answer

Secure and trusting behaviour

Answer

Independent and self-reliant behaviour

Question 20

What is the term for the deep emotional connection that forms between two individuals?

Accepted Answer

Attachment

Answer

Love

Answer

Friendship

Answer

Social support

Question 21

Which neurochemical plays a significant role in the formation of attachment bonds?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Estrogen

Question 22

What is the term for the process by which individuals develop new attachment relationships?

Accepted Answer

Attachment formation

Answer

Attachment repair

Answer

Secure base phenomenon

Answer

Caregiving environment

Question 23

Which characteristic is NOT associated with secure attachment in infants?

Accepted Answer

Avoiding the caregiver

Answer

Seeking proximity to the caregiver

Answer

Exploring the environment while staying close to the caregiver

Answer

Being easily comforted by the caregiver

Question 24

According to Bowlby's attachment theory, the primary purpose of attachment is to:

Accepted Answer

Ensure survival and protection

Answer

Provide emotional regulation

Answer

Promote cognitive development

Answer

Foster social relationships

Question 25

Ainsworth's Strange Situation procedure is used to:

Accepted Answer

Assess infant attachment style

Answer

Measure parental attachment style

Answer

Study the development of social skills

Answer

Examine cognitive abilities

Question 26

Describe the potential effects of different attachment patterns on an individual's relationships with peers.

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment can contribute to positive and trusting peer relationships.

Accepted Answer

Avoidant attachment may result in individuals being more withdrawn and isolated within peer groups.

Answer

Anxious attachment can have no significant impact on peer relationships.

Question 27

According to Bowlby's attachment theory, the development of secure attachment is primarily influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Consistency of caregiver responses to infant needs

Answer

The frequency of contact between caregiver and infant

Answer

The infant's age at separation

Answer

The infant's genetic predisposition

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an insecure-avoidant attachment pattern?

Accepted Answer

The child clings to the caregiver and becomes distressed upon separation

Answer

The child avoids or minimizes contact with the caregiver

Answer

The child shows minimal emotion upon the caregiver's departure or return

Answer

The child seeks comfort from the caregiver after experiencing distress

Question 29

The Strange Situation is an experimental procedure used to:

Accepted Answer

Assess the quality of attachment between an infant and their caregiver

Answer

Measure the infant's cognitive development

Answer

Identify infants at risk for developmental disorders

Answer

Evaluate the effectiveness of different parenting styles

Question 30

In attachment theory, the concept of 'resilience' refers to:

Accepted Answer

An individual's capacity to overcome adverse experiences and maintain healthy attachments

Answer

The tendency for attachment patterns to change significantly over time

Answer

The belief that all individuals have an equal ability to form secure attachments

Answer

The idea that early attachment experiences have no lasting impact on development

Question 31

Attachment theory implies that effective parenting involves:

Accepted Answer

Providing a consistent and responsive environment for the child

Answer

Avoiding prolonged separations from the child

Answer

Using physical punishment as a disciplinary measure

Answer

Prioritizing the parent's own needs over the child's

Question 32

How can educators utilize attachment theory principles to promote optimal child development in educational environments?

Accepted Answer

Establish consistent, nurturing, and responsive relationships that foster a sense of security and support for children.

Answer

Implement discipline strategies that discourage insecure attachment behaviors.

Answer

Prioritize academic achievement over social and emotional learning.

Answer

Treat all children uniformly, regardless of their attachment styles and needs.

Question 33

How can cultural and socioeconomic factors affect the development of attachment patterns in children?

Accepted Answer

Cultural and socioeconomic factors can shape attachment patterns by influencing parenting practices, beliefs, and resource availability.

Answer

Cultural and socioeconomic factors have no impact on attachment patterns.

Answer

Cultural and socioeconomic factors mainly influence attachment patterns in cultures that value interdependence.

Question 34

According to Bowlby's attachment theory, which of the following is essential for infants to develop a secure attachment?

Accepted Answer

Consistent and responsive caregiving

Answer

Genetic predisposition

Answer

Child's temperament

Answer

Social environment

Question 35

Insecure attachment can increase the likelihood of an individual developing which of the following difficulties?

Accepted Answer

Problems regulating emotions

Answer

Greater self-esteem

Answer

Enhanced problem-solving skills

Answer

Improved social competence

Question 36

Which of the following is a factor that can contribute to the development of insecure attachment relationships?

Accepted Answer

Inconsistent parenting

Answer

Child's gender

Answer

Number of siblings

Answer

Birth order

Question 37

Which of the following is a limitation of observational methods in attachment research?

Accepted Answer

Potential for observer bias

Answer

High validity

Answer

Ease of data collection

Question 38

Which of the following is a criticism of attachment theory?

Accepted Answer

Overemphasis on the role of early experiences

Answer

Lack of empirical support

Answer

Cross-cultural validity

Answer

Practical implications for parenting

Question 39

When conducting research on attachment, which of the following is an important ethical consideration?

Accepted Answer

Protecting the well-being of participants

Answer

Generalizability of findings

Answer

Sample size

Answer

Reliability of measures used