Attention in Psychology: Types, Processes, and Factors

Question 1

What is the process of deliberately directing attention to a specific stimulus referred to as?

Accepted Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Bottom-up processing

Answer

Cocktail party effect

Answer

Inattentional blindness

Question 2

Which brain region is primarily responsible for the allocation of attention?

Accepted Answer

Prefrontal cortex

Answer

Temporal lobe

Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 3

What is the phenomenon where we fail to notice unexpected stimuli in certain attentional conditions termed?

Accepted Answer

Inattentional blindness

Answer

Change blindness

Answer

Neglect

Answer

Hemispatial neglect

Question 4

Which of the following theories proposes that attention is allocated based on the relevance of stimuli to an individual's goals?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy theory

Answer

Filter theory

Answer

Attentional network theory

Answer

Multiple resource theory

Question 5

What is the name of the model that suggests attention is composed of three distinct networks?

Accepted Answer

Attentional network theory

Answer

Multiple resource theory

Answer

Filter theory

Answer

Expectancy theory

Question 6

Which of the following describes the ability to maintain concentration on a specific task amidst distractions?

Accepted Answer

Sustained attention

Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Divided attention

Answer

Alternating attention

Question 7

Which factor has no influence on attention?

Accepted Answer

Eye color

Answer

Motivation

Answer

Stress

Answer

Sleep deprivation

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of attention?

Accepted Answer

Effortless deployment

Answer

Selectivity

Answer

Limited capacity

Answer

Dividing between multiple tasks

Question 9

Which brain region is primarily responsible for coordinating and controlling attentional functions?

Accepted Answer

Prefrontal cortex

Answer

Temporal lobes

Answer

Parietal lobes

Answer

Occipital lobes

Question 10

A disorder characterized by difficulty in maintaining focus and attention over time is:

Accepted Answer

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Answer

Depression

Answer

Anxiety disorder

Question 11

The theory that attention acts like a selective filter, allowing only relevant information to reach consciousness, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Filter theory

Answer

Spotlight theory

Answer

Resource-allocation theory

Answer

Attentional engagement theory

Question 12

Which of the following is a common technique used to measure sustained attention?

Accepted Answer

Continuous performance task (CPT)

Answer

Stroop test

Answer

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)

Answer

Posner cueing task

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of attention?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral vision

Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Divided attention

Answer

Sustained attention

Question 14

Which brain region is primarily involved in regulating attention?

Accepted Answer

Prefrontal cortex

Answer

Amygdala

Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Thalamus

Question 15

The Stroop Effect demonstrates the impact of:

Accepted Answer

Inhibition

Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Priming

Answer

Habituation

Question 16

Which of the following is considered a primary type of attention?

Accepted Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Divided attention

Answer

Ambient attention

Answer

Distributed attention

Question 17

Which brain region is primarily involved in attentional control and execution?

Accepted Answer

Prefrontal cortex

Answer

Parietal lobe

Answer

Temporal lobe

Answer

Occipital lobe

Question 18

Which of the following is a defining feature of sustained attention?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining focus over extended periods

Answer

Rapidly shifting focus between stimuli

Answer

Filtering out irrelevant information

Answer

Enhanced susceptibility to distractions

Question 19

Which type of attentional capture occurs without conscious effort or intention?

Accepted Answer

Involuntary attentional capture

Answer

Voluntary attentional capture

Answer

Goal-directed attentional capture

Answer

Context-dependent attentional capture

Question 20

Which cognitive process is closely linked to conscious awareness and attention?

Accepted Answer

Attention

Answer

Working memory

Answer

Episodic memory

Answer

Long-term memory

Question 21

Which of the following is not considered a limitation or constraint on attention?

Accepted Answer

Unlimited duration

Answer

Limited capacity

Answer

Susceptibility to distraction

Answer

Inherent selectivity

Question 22

Which attentional theory underscores the impact of prior knowledge and expectations on attentional allocation?

Accepted Answer

Attentional schema theory

Answer

Feature integration theory

Answer

Filter theory

Answer

Neural network theory

Question 23

Which term describes the process of directing attention to a particular stimulus while disregarding others?

Accepted Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Sustained attention

Answer

Inhibition

Answer

Divided attention

Question 24

What is the phenomenon where an unexpected or noticeable stimulus automatically draws focus?

Accepted Answer

Attentional capture

Answer

Priming

Answer

Habituation

Answer

Selection

Question 25

What term refers to the ability to maintain focused attention on a task for a prolonged period?

Accepted Answer

Sustained attention

Answer

Divided attention

Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Alternating attention

Question 26

Which criticism of the filter model of attention highlights its inability to explain the occurrence of attentional capture?

Accepted Answer

Insufficient explanation of attentional capture

Answer

Neglect of top-down influences on attention

Answer

Prediction of singular attentional focus

Answer

Assumption of attention as a passive process

Question 27

What is the process of allocating attention to multiple tasks simultaneously referred to as?

Accepted Answer

Divided attention

Answer

Alternating attention

Answer

Distributed attention

Answer

Selective attention

Question 28

Which term describes the unconscious tendency to direct attention towards personally relevant stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Attentional bias

Answer

Cognitive bias

Answer

Perceptual bias

Answer

Emotional bias

Question 29

Which of the following is **not** a recognized type of attention?

Accepted Answer

Muscle rigidity

Answer

Divided attention

Answer

Selective attention

Question 30

What is the term for the automatic shift of attention towards a novel or significant stimulus?

Accepted Answer

Orienting reflex

Answer

Habituation

Answer

Cognitive control

Answer

Working memory

Question 31

Which of the following is a factor that can potentially impair sustained attention?

Accepted Answer

Fatigue

Answer

Interest

Answer

Reward

Answer

Motivation

Question 32

What is the primary function of the reticular activating system (RAS) in attention?

Accepted Answer

Filtering and prioritizing sensory information

Answer

Storing memories

Answer

Processing language

Answer

Regulating emotions

Question 33

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of sustained attention?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining focused attention for extended periods

Answer

Responding quickly to changes

Answer

Ignoring irrelevant information

Answer

Dividing attention between tasks

Question 34

What is the phenomenon called where individuals fail to notice objects in their visual field because their attention is focused elsewhere?

Accepted Answer

Inattentional blindness

Answer

Neglect

Answer

Hemispatial neglect

Answer

Change blindness

Question 35

Which cognitive process is closely linked to and interacts with attention?

Accepted Answer

Working memory

Answer

Language comprehension

Answer

Problem-solving

Answer

Long-term memory

Question 36

Which of the following is a characteristic of selective attention?

Accepted Answer

It involves focusing on a specific stimulus while ignoring others.

Answer

It is not influenced by factors such as motivation and expectations.

Answer

It allows multiple stimuli to be processed simultaneously.

Question 37

Which attentional process involves the ability to shift focus between different stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Attentional shifting

Answer

Attentional capacity

Answer

Attentional control

Answer

Attentional maintenance

Question 38

According to the Filter Theory of Attention, what is the first step in processing stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Stimulus selection

Answer

Perceptual processing

Answer

Stimulus identification

Answer

Response execution

Question 39

Which factor can potentially affect an individual's attentional capacity?

Accepted Answer

Age

Answer

Handedness

Answer

Gender

Answer

Personality type

Question 40

What is the term used to describe the ability to maintain attention over an extended period?

Accepted Answer

Sustained attention

Answer

Divided attention

Answer

Selective attention

Answer

Vigilance

Question 41

What is a potential consequence of impaired attention?

Accepted Answer

Reduced academic performance

Answer

Increased physical activity

Answer

Improved social skills

Answer

Enhanced creativity

Question 42

Which technique can be used to enhance attention?

Accepted Answer

Mindfulness meditation

Answer

Avoiding sleep

Answer

Using multiple screens simultaneously

Answer

Listening to loud music

Question 43

What is the primary distinction between bottom-up and top-down attention?

Accepted Answer

Bottom-up attention is stimulus-driven, while top-down attention is goal-directed.

Answer

Bottom-up attention is more sustained than top-down attention.

Answer

Bottom-up attention is involuntary, while top-down attention is voluntary.

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a neuroimaging technique used to study attention?

Accepted Answer

Electrocardiography (ECG)

Answer

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Answer

Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)