Impulse and Momentum: Master the Concepts for Sport Performance

Question 1

In a closed system, the total momentum is always:

Accepted Answer

Constant

Answer

Zero

Answer

Doubled

Answer

Halved

Question 2

In a javelin throw, the athlete's arm can be considered as a:

Accepted Answer

Rigid body

Answer

Point mass

Answer

Elastic object

Answer

Plastic object

Question 3

Which unit correctly measures impulse?

Accepted Answer

Newton-second (Ns)

Answer

Kilogram-meter per second (kg-m/s)

Answer

Joule (J)

Answer

Watt (W)

Question 4

Which scenario does NOT demonstrate linear momentum?

Accepted Answer

A rotating ceiling fan

Answer

A car traveling at 100 km/h

Answer

A ball rolling across the floor

Answer

A pendulum swinging

Question 5

When calculating the center of mass, each object's mass is multiplied by its:

Accepted Answer

Velocity

Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Displacement

Answer

Time

Question 6

Which real-world situation exemplifies the conservation of angular momentum?

Accepted Answer

Ice skating

Answer

Diving

Answer

Jogging

Answer

Swimming

Question 7

What is the SI unit for momentum?

Accepted Answer

Kilogram-meter per second (kg-m/s)

Answer

Newton-second (Ns)

Answer

Joule (J)

Answer

Watt (W)

Question 8

An object with a mass of 65 kg is traveling at a speed of 12 m/s. What is its linear momentum?

Accepted Answer

780 kg m/s

Answer

12 kg m/s

Answer

6 kg m/s

Answer

0.6 kg m/s

Question 9

A gymnast performs a handstand on a balance beam with their arms outstretched. This increases their rotational inertia. How does this affect their stability?

Accepted Answer

Increases stability

Answer

Decreases stability

Answer

Has no effect on stability

Answer

Depends on the gymnast's mass

Question 10

The impulse-momentum theorem can be applied to:

Accepted Answer

Collisions between objects with any mass

Answer

Only perfectly elastic collisions

Answer

Only collisions between objects with equal mass

Answer

Non-collision scenarios

Question 11

Which of the following is the SI unit of impulse?

Accepted Answer

Newton-second

Answer

Newton-meter

Answer

Kilogram-meter per second

Answer

Joule

Question 12

The conservation of momentum states that:

Accepted Answer

Total momentum of an isolated system remains constant

Answer

Total kinetic energy of a system remains constant

Answer

Total potential energy of a system remains constant

Answer

Total mechanical energy of a system remains constant

Question 13

Which of the following statements about impulse and momentum is true?

Accepted Answer

Impulse is equal to the rate of change of momentum

Answer

Momentum is equal to the rate of change of impulse

Answer

Impulse and momentum are equal in magnitude and direction

Answer

Impulse and momentum are always conserved

Question 14

A 20 kg object moving at 10 m/s collides with a 30 kg object at rest. What is the velocity of the combined objects after the collision?

Accepted Answer

8.6 m/s

Answer

5 m/s

Answer

12 m/s

Answer

15 m/s

Question 15

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the moment of inertia of an object?

Accepted Answer

Speed

Answer

Mass

Answer

Radius of gyration

Answer

Shape

Question 16

A figure skater spins with an angular velocity of 10 rad/s. They pull in their arms, decreasing their moment of inertia by 50%. What is their new angular velocity?

Accepted Answer

15 rad/s

Answer

5 rad/s

Answer

10 rad/s

Answer

20 rad/s

Question 17

Calculate the momentum of a 1 kg ball moving at a velocity of 5 m/s.

Accepted Answer

5 kgm/s

Answer

10 kgm/s

Answer

50 kgm/s

Answer

100 kgm/s

Question 18

State the law of conservation of momentum and explain its significance.

Accepted Answer

In a closed system, the total momentum remains constant if no external forces act on it.

Answer

In a closed system, the total momentum remains constant if the system is in equilibrium.

Answer

In a closed system, the total momentum remains constant if the velocities of all objects are constant.

Answer

In a closed system, the total momentum remains constant if the masses of all objects are constant.

Question 19

Identify an example of an inelastic collision and explain why it is classified as such.

Accepted Answer

A car colliding with a stationary object

Answer

A billiard ball striking another billiard ball

Answer

A soccer ball bouncing off a wall

Answer

A tennis ball hitting a tennis racket

Question 20

Explain the relationship between impulse and change in momentum, providing a formula.

Accepted Answer

Impulse is equal to the change in momentum: Impulse = change in momentum

Answer

Impulse is twice the change in momentum: Impulse = 2 * change in momentum

Answer

Impulse is half the change in momentum: Impulse = change in momentum / 2

Answer

Impulse is unrelated to the change in momentum.

Question 21

Identify the unit of impulse.

Accepted Answer

Newton-seconds

Answer

Kilogram-meters per second

Answer

Joules

Answer

Watts

Question 22

Which of the following is an example of angular momentum in everyday life?

Accepted Answer

A spinning top

Answer

A ball rolling down a slope

Answer

A person jumping in the air

Answer

A car moving in a straight line

Question 23

An object experiences a constant force of 5 N for 10 seconds. The impulse experienced by the object is:

Accepted Answer

50 N

Answer

5 N

Answer

10 N

Answer

100 N

Question 24

The total momentum of a system of two colliding objects:

Accepted Answer

Is always conserved

Answer

Is never conserved

Answer

May or may not be conserved

Answer

Is equal to the sum of their individual momenta

Question 25

What is the SI unit of impulse, which describes the product of force applied to an object and the duration of that force?

Accepted Answer

Newton-second

Answer

Newton-meter

Answer

Kilogram-meter per second

Answer

Joule

Question 26

A footballer kicks a ball with a force of 500 Newtons for a duration of 0.1 seconds. Calculate the impulse applied to the ball.

Accepted Answer

500 Newton-seconds

Answer

50 Newton-seconds

Answer

1000 Newton-seconds

Answer

5 Newton-seconds

Question 27

Which of the following situations involves angular impulse, which is the integral of torque with respect to time?

Accepted Answer

A gymnast performing a backflip

Answer

A tennis player hitting a forehand

Answer

A cyclist pedaling

Answer

A swimmer diving into the pool

Question 28

The law of conservation of momentum states that:

Accepted Answer

The total momentum of a closed system remains constant.

Answer

The momentum of an object is directly proportional to its mass and velocity.

Answer

The momentum of a system is always zero.

Answer

The total energy of a closed system remains constant.

Question 29

In which sport is angular momentum, a measure of the resistance to rotation, particularly relevant?

Accepted Answer

Gymnastics

Answer

Football

Answer

Cricket

Answer

Swimming

Question 30

Which of the following is not a type of momentum?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy

Answer

Linear momentum

Answer

Angular momentum

Answer

Rotational momentum

Question 31

State the law of conservation of momentum.

Accepted Answer

The total momentum of a system remains constant if no external forces act on the system.

Answer

The total momentum of a system is always zero.

Answer

The momentum of a system can be increased or decreased by applying external forces.

Answer

The momentum of a system is proportional to the mass of the system.

Question 32

A rugby player tackles an opponent, bringing them to a complete stop. Which of the following statements accurately describes the impulse experienced by the opponent?

Accepted Answer

The impulse is equal to the change in momentum of the opponent.

Answer

The impulse is equal to the time taken for the opponent to come to a stop.

Answer

The impulse is equal to the force applied by the player during the tackle.

Question 33

A tennis player hits a ball with a racquet, imparting a large impulse to the ball. Which of the following factors would NOT affect the magnitude of the impulse?

Accepted Answer

The color of the ball.

Answer

The force applied by the racquet.

Answer

The time of contact between the racquet and ball.

Answer

The mass of the ball.

Question 34

A gymnast performs a somersault. Which of the following statements correctly describes the gymnast's angular momentum during the somersault?

Accepted Answer

The gymnast's angular momentum remains constant as long as no external torque acts on them.

Answer

The gymnast's angular momentum decreases as they rotate faster.

Answer

The gymnast's angular momentum increases as they rotate faster.

Question 35

A long jumper attempts to maximize their horizontal distance. Which of the following strategies is LEAST likely to increase their horizontal distance?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing their takeoff velocity.

Answer

Increasing their takeoff angle.

Answer

Minimizing air resistance.

Answer

Maintaining a horizontal body position during flight.

Question 36

A sprinter accelerates from rest to their top speed. Which of the following statements accurately describes the change in their momentum?

Accepted Answer

The sprinter's momentum increases as they accelerate.

Answer

The sprinter's momentum remains constant as they accelerate.

Answer

The sprinter's momentum decreases as they accelerate.

Question 37

Two ice skaters collide head-on. If the skaters have equal mass and opposite velocities, what happens to their total momentum after the collision?

Accepted Answer

Their total momentum is zero.

Answer

Their total momentum increases.

Answer

Their total momentum decreases.

Question 38

A high jumper uses a pole to launch themselves upwards. Which of the following statements BEST describes the role of the pole in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

The pole increases the jumper's vertical impulse by increasing the time of contact with the ground.

Answer

The pole converts the jumper's horizontal momentum into vertical momentum.

Answer

The pole decreases the jumper's vertical impulse by reducing the force applied to the ground.

Question 39

A cricketer hits a ball with a bat, causing the ball to change direction. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the impulse experienced by the ball?

Accepted Answer

The impulse is equal to the change in momentum of the ball.

Answer

The impulse is equal to the force applied by the bat.

Answer

The impulse is equal to the time of contact between the bat and ball.

Question 40

A swimmer uses their arms to propel themselves through the water. Which of the following factors would NOT influence the impulse experienced by the swimmer?

Accepted Answer

The color of the swimmer's swimsuit.

Answer

The time of contact between the swimmer's hands and the water.

Answer

The force exerted by the swimmer's arms.

Question 41

A golfer swings a club, striking a golf ball. Which of the following statements BEST describes how the golfer can maximize the impulse imparted to the ball?

Accepted Answer

By increasing the force applied to the ball and increasing the time of contact with the ball.

Answer

By increasing the force applied to the ball and decreasing the time of contact with the ball.

Answer

By decreasing the force applied to the ball and decreasing the time of contact with the ball.