Landscape Architecture Theory: Master the Foundations of Landscape Design

Question 1

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of landscape architecture theory that emphasizes the coherence and unity of a landscape design?

Accepted Answer

Unity and coherence

Answer

Ecological balance

Answer

Historical context

Answer

Sustainability

Question 2

The concept of 'genius loci' in landscape architecture refers to:

Accepted Answer

The unique spirit and character of a place

Answer

The influence of human activity on a landscape

Answer

The relationship between nature and culture

Answer

The aesthetic value of a landscape

Question 3

Which of the following theories in landscape architecture focuses on the role of human experience and perception in shaping landscapes?

Accepted Answer

Phenomenology

Answer

风景园林学

Answer

Landscape Ecology

Answer

Postmodernism

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of postmodern landscape architecture?

Accepted Answer

Prioritization of ecological restoration

Answer

Emphasis on fragmentation and collage

Answer

Rejection of modernist principles

Answer

Incorporation of traditional design elements

Question 5

The 'Landscape Manifesto' written by Ian McHarg advocated for:

Accepted Answer

Ecological planning and environmental conservation as central to landscape design

Answer

The creation of formal gardens and urban parks as primary landscape types

Answer

The adoption of postmodern design principles as the future of landscape architecture

Answer

The restoration of historic landscapes as the primary goal of landscape architects

Question 6

The concept of 'biophilia' in landscape architecture refers to:

Accepted Answer

The inherent human connection to nature and its elements

Answer

The use of plants and natural elements as primary design components

Answer

The restoration of degraded ecosystems as a primary focus in landscape design

Answer

The psychological benefits of green spaces as a central consideration in design

Question 7

The concept of 'affordance' in landscape architecture refers to:

Accepted Answer

The potential of a landscape element or feature to encourage or discourage specific activities

Answer

The perceived value or utility of a landscape space

Answer

The aesthetic qualities of a landscape as perceived by users

Answer

The ecological function of a landscape as it relates to its surroundings

Question 8

In landscape architecture, when designing interventions in sensitive ecosystems, which ethical consideration should be prioritized?

Accepted Answer

Minimizing disruption to the ecosystem's ecological processes

Answer

Prioritizing the visual appeal of the intervention

Answer

Using sustainable materials, regardless of cost

Question 9

Which core concept in landscape architecture emphasizes the harmonious fusion of natural and human elements?

Accepted Answer

The Integration of Natural and Human Elements

Answer

Ecological Harmony

Answer

Anthropomorphic Design

Answer

Biophilic Urbanism

Question 10

Who is widely recognized as a visionary pioneer in the development of landscape architecture as a distinct profession?

Accepted Answer

Frederick Law Olmsted

Answer

Ian McHarg

Answer

Frank Lloyd Wright

Answer

Le Corbusier

Question 11

Which theory places strong emphasis on the principles of ecology in guiding landscape design decisions?

Accepted Answer

Landscape Ecology Theory

Answer

Ecosystem Services Theory

Answer

Biophilia Theory

Answer

Cognitive Landscape Theory

Question 12

How does the concept of 'contextualism' influence the approach to landscape architectural design?

Accepted Answer

Emphasizes the importance of the surrounding environment

Answer

Prioritizes the preservation of historical features

Answer

Promotes the exclusive use of traditional design elements

Answer

Advocates for radical transformation of the existing landscape

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a key principle of the 'picturesque' landscape aesthetic?

Accepted Answer

Emphasis on natural forms and irregularity

Answer

Emphasis on geometric shapes and symmetrical layouts

Answer

Depiction of idealized landscapes

Answer

Abstraction and non-representation

Question 14

Who is widely regarded as the father of landscape architecture?

Accepted Answer

Frederick Law Olmsted

Answer

Ian McHarg

Answer

Humphry Repton

Answer

André Le Nôtre

Question 15

What is the term for the theoretical framework that emphasizes the importance of sensory experiences and human-environment interactions in landscape design?

Accepted Answer

Phenomenology

Answer

Ecology

Answer

Environmental psychology

Answer

GIS

Question 16

Which of the following is a common tool used for analyzing visual qualities in landscape design?

Accepted Answer

Viewpoint analysis

Answer

Transect survey

Answer

Species composition survey

Answer

Soil testing

Question 17

What is the primary goal of 'sustainable' landscape design?

Accepted Answer

Minimizing environmental impact

Answer

Creating visually appealing spaces

Answer

Increasing land value

Answer

Preserving cultural heritage

Question 18

Which of the following is a key principle of the 'new urbanism' movement in landscape architecture?

Accepted Answer

Walkability and mixed-use development

Answer

Car-centric design and suburban sprawl

Answer

Emphasis on high-rise buildings and density

Answer

Preservation of rural landscapes

Question 19

What is the term for the scientific study of plant communities and their distribution in different geographical areas?

Accepted Answer

Phytogeography

Answer

Ecology

Answer

Geobotany

Answer

Ethnobotany

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used technique for managing stormwater runoff in landscape design?

Accepted Answer

Impervious surfaces

Answer

Infiltration basins

Answer

Green roofs

Answer

Permeable paving

Question 21

What is a fundamental principle in Ian McHarg's ecological planning theory?

Accepted Answer

Design in harmony with nature, rather than against it.

Answer

The city should be structured as a functional machine for living.

Answer

Form should follow function in all design decisions.

Answer

Prioritize the aesthetic appeal of the picturesque landscape.

Question 22

The 'landscape as infrastructure' approach primarily views landscapes as:

Accepted Answer

Providers of ecosystem services and essential infrastructure benefits.

Answer

Historical sites with cultural and social significance.

Answer

Objects of aesthetic beauty and visual appreciation.

Question 23

Which theory emphasizes the impact of cultural and social elements on landscape design?

Accepted Answer

Cultural landscape theory.

Answer

Behavioral landscape theory, exploring the relationship between human behavior and the environment.

Answer

Ecological planning theory, emphasizing the integration of nature and design.

Answer

Cognitive landscape theory, focusing on how people perceive and understand landscapes.

Question 24

Who is widely regarded as the founder of modern landscape architecture?

Accepted Answer

Frederick Law Olmsted.

Answer

J.B. Jackson, known for his work on the vernacular landscape.

Answer

Kevin Lynch, known for his work on urban legibility.

Answer

Ian McHarg, a pioneer in ecological planning.

Question 25

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of sustainable landscape design?

Accepted Answer

Resource depletion, which is directly opposed to sustainable practices.

Answer

Biodiversity conservation, essential for a healthy ecosystem.

Answer

Water conservation, a key principle of sustainable design.

Answer

Energy efficiency, a core element of sustainable development.

Question 26

What is the primary focus of behavioral landscape theory?

Accepted Answer

The dynamic interplay between human behavior and the physical environment.

Answer

The ecological impact of design decisions on the natural environment.

Answer

The aesthetic principles guiding landscape design and visual appeal.

Question 27

Which of the following represents a current trend in landscape architecture?

Accepted Answer

Biophilic design, incorporating nature into the built environment for well-being.

Answer

Picturesque design, seeking to create visually pleasing, informal landscapes.

Answer

Neotraditionalism, drawing inspiration from traditional architectural styles.

Answer

Formalism, a style emphasizing geometric order and symmetry.

Question 28

What is the primary objective of the 'landscape as art' approach?

Accepted Answer

To create landscapes that are aesthetically compelling and visually captivating.

Answer

To create landscapes that are functional, sustainable, and meet practical needs.

Answer

To restore degraded landscapes to their natural state through ecological restoration.