Metals and Alloys: Properties, Applications, and Heat Treatment

Question 1

Which heat treatment process is used to increase the hardness of steel?

Accepted Answer

Hardening

Answer

Annealing

Answer

Normalizing

Answer

Tempering

Question 2

What is the role of carbon in steel?

Accepted Answer

To increase hardness and strength

Answer

To improve corrosion resistance

Answer

To enhance ductility

Answer

To reduce electrical conductivity

Question 3

Which element is the primary alloying constituent in stainless steel?

Accepted Answer

Chromium

Answer

Copper

Answer

Nickel

Answer

Zinc

Question 4

Which heat treatment process involves raising a metal to a critical temperature and then cooling it gradually?

Accepted Answer

Annealing

Answer

Quenching

Answer

Tempering

Answer

Normalizing

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an alloy that undergoes precipitation hardening?

Accepted Answer

Aluminum alloy 7075

Answer

Steel

Answer

Copper alloy C11000

Answer

Magnesium alloy AZ31

Question 6

Which characteristic is associated with a eutectic phase diagram?

Accepted Answer

Horizontal line at a specific composition and temperature

Answer

Single-phase region exists at all temperatures

Answer

Two-phase region exists at all temperatures

Answer

Vertical line at a specific temperature

Question 7

What is the main purpose of tempering a quenched steel?

Accepted Answer

Reduce brittleness

Answer

Increase hardness

Answer

Enhance wear resistance

Answer

Improve electrical conductivity

Question 8

Which of the following non-ferrous metals is commonly used in electrical applications?

Accepted Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Iron

Answer

Titanium

Answer

Cobalt

Question 9

Which of the following is a common application of cast iron?

Accepted Answer

Automotive engine blocks

Answer

Aerospace components

Answer

Medical implants

Answer

Electronic circuits

Question 10

Which heat treatment process involves controlled heating, holding, and slow cooling of a metal to enhance its properties?

Accepted Answer

Annealing

Answer

Quenching

Answer

Tempering

Answer

Normalizing

Question 11

Which property of a metal determines its resistance to deformation under stress?

Accepted Answer

Yield strength

Answer

Tensile strength

Answer

Elastic modulus

Answer

Hardness

Question 12

What is the primary purpose of carburizing a steel component?

Accepted Answer

To increase its surface hardness

Answer

To improve its toughness

Answer

To reduce its corrosion resistance

Answer

To enhance its electrical conductivity

Question 13

Which metal is well-known for its high electrical and thermal conductivity?

Accepted Answer

Copper

Answer

Iron

Answer

Aluminum

Answer

Magnesium

Question 14

As an engineer, what ethical considerations should guide your design of sustainable and environmentally friendly materials?

Accepted Answer

Engineers have an ethical responsibility to consider the complete life cycle of materials, including their disposal and potential environmental impact.

Answer

Engineers have no ethical obligations beyond meeting performance specifications.

Answer

Sustainability should be the primary focus, even if it significantly compromises material performance.

Answer

Engineers should prioritize cost-effectiveness, regardless of the potential environmental consequences.

Question 15

Identify the material that does NOT qualify as a ferrous metal:

Accepted Answer

Aluminium

Answer

Steel

Answer

Cast iron

Answer

Iron

Question 16

Which of the following options represents a common alloy of steel?

Accepted Answer

Stainless steel

Answer

Brass

Answer

Duralumin

Answer

Bronze

Question 17

Identify the heat treatment process that enhances the hardness and wear resistance of steel:

Accepted Answer

Quenching and tempering

Answer

Normalizing

Answer

Annealing

Question 18

Identify the metal known for its exceptional electrical conductivity:

Accepted Answer

Copper

Answer

Nickel

Answer

Titanium

Answer

Aluminium

Question 19

Which non-ferrous metal is recognized for its outstanding corrosion resistance?

Accepted Answer

Aluminium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Zinc

Answer

Steel

Question 20

Which characteristic is associated with a brittle material?

Accepted Answer

Negligible strain before failure

Answer

Significant ductility

Answer

High tensile strength

Answer

Excellent impact resistance

Question 21

Identify the type of material that exemplifies a composite:

Accepted Answer

Fibre-reinforced plastic

Answer

Bronze

Answer

Steel

Answer

Cast iron

Question 22

Which of the following applications significantly utilizes titanium alloys?

Accepted Answer

Aerospace industry components

Answer

Electrical wiring

Answer

Bridges

Answer

Car bodies

Question 23

Identify the primary disadvantage associated with lightweight alloys:

Accepted Answer

Lower strength-to-weight ratio compared to conventional metals like steel

Answer

Difficulty in machining

Answer

Susceptibility to corrosion

Answer

Higher cost