Introduction to Molecular Biology: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following represents the correct sequence of nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

Adenine-Thymine-Cytosine-Guanine (ATCG)

Answer

Guanine-Cytosine-Adenine-Thymine (GCAT)

Answer

Thymine-Adenine-Guanine-Cytosine (TAGC)

Answer

Cytosine-Guanine-Thymine-Adenine (CGTA)

Question 2

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Answer

DNA polymerase

Answer

RNA polymerase

Answer

Ligase

Question 3

What is the primary function of the promoter region in a gene?

Accepted Answer

To bind RNA polymerase and initiate transcription

Answer

To code for the protein

Answer

To terminate transcription

Answer

To splice the pre-mRNA

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Answer

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Answer

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Answer

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Question 5

What is the main purpose of the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

To translate DNA sequences into protein sequences

Answer

To regulate gene expression

Answer

To store genetic information

Answer

To repair damaged DNA

Question 6

What is the primary role of introns in eukaryotic genes?

Accepted Answer

To be spliced out during RNA processing

Answer

To code for proteins

Answer

To regulate gene expression

Answer

To protect the DNA from damage

Question 7

Which of the following techniques is commonly used to amplify DNA?

Accepted Answer

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Answer

Gel electrophoresis

Answer

DNA sequencing

Answer

Southern blotting

Question 8

Which component is essential for the ribosome's function?

Accepted Answer

tRNA

Answer

DNA polymerase

Answer

Helicase

Answer

Primase

Question 9

The process by which RNA is synthesized using DNA as a template is called:

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Replication

Answer

Mutation

Question 10

The enzyme responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication is:

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Answer

DNA polymerase

Answer

Topoisomerase

Answer

DNA ligase

Question 11

Which of the following is a non-coding RNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

snRNA

Answer

rRNA

Answer

mRNA

Answer

tRNA

Question 12

The process by which genetic information is transferred from parents to offspring is:

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Replication

Answer

Transcription

Question 13

Which of the following is a regulatory protein that binds to DNA and controls gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Transcription factor

Answer

Histone

Answer

Promoter

Answer

Operon

Question 14

Which of the following is a mutation that results in a stop codon being introduced into a protein-coding sequence?

Accepted Answer

Nonsense mutation

Answer

Missense mutation

Answer

Frameshift mutation

Answer

Silent mutation

Question 15

Which nitrogenous base is NOT present in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Uracil

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Guanine

Answer

Cytosine

Question 16

Which enzyme performs the unwinding of the DNA double helix during replication?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Answer

RNA Polymerase

Answer

Ligase

Answer

Primase

Question 17

Specify the primary function of RNA polymerase during transcription:

Accepted Answer

Synthesizes complementary RNA strands from a DNA template

Answer

Unwinds the DNA double helix

Answer

Joins Okazaki fragments during DNA replication

Answer

Modifies RNA molecules post-transcription

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a codon in the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

XCC

Answer

AUG

Answer

UAA

Answer

AAA

Question 19

Identify the type of RNA responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome during translation:

Accepted Answer

Transfer RNA

Answer

Messenger RNA

Answer

Ribosomal RNA

Answer

Small nuclear RNA

Question 20

During DNA replication, which enzyme is primarily responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Answer

Primase

Answer

Ligase

Question 21

In transcription, what is the key role of RNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing an RNA molecule complementary to a DNA template

Answer

Unwinding the DNA double helix

Answer

Joining RNA nucleotides

Question 22

Which of the following best describes the primary function of a ribosome?

Accepted Answer

Assembling amino acids into a polypeptide chain based on the genetic instructions

Answer

Replicating DNA

Answer

Transcribing DNA into RNA

Question 23

Which of the following techniques is commonly used for amplifying DNA in a laboratory setting?

Accepted Answer

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Answer

Microarray analysis

Answer

DNA sequencing

Answer

Southern blotting

Question 24

When discussing genetic engineering, an important ethical consideration is:

Accepted Answer

The potential misuse and manipulation of genetic information

Answer

There are no ethical concerns to consider