Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: Online Learning Quizzes

Question 1

What is the role of a promoter in gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Initiates transcription

Answer

Terminates transcription

Answer

Enhances translation

Answer

Protects the DNA

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an application of biotechnology in the pharmaceutical industry?

Accepted Answer

Forensic science

Answer

Production of vaccines

Answer

Development of antibiotics

Answer

Tissue engineering

Question 3

Which term describes a protein produced by a genetically modified organism?

Accepted Answer

Recombinant protein

Answer

Transgenic protein

Answer

Expressed protein

Answer

Artificial protein

Question 4

Which step is NOT directly involved in the process of gene cloning?

Accepted Answer

Purifying the expressed recombinant protein

Answer

Isolating the target gene

Answer

Inserting the gene into a cloning vector

Answer

Transforming the host organism with the recombinant DNA

Question 5

In the United States, which regulatory body is primarily responsible for approving the production and use of recombinant proteins and antibodies in the pharmaceutical industry?

Accepted Answer

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Answer

World Health Organization (WHO)

Answer

European Medicines Agency (EMA)

Answer

International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH)

Question 6

The process of employing recombinant DNA technology to produce proteins in large quantities is known as:

Accepted Answer

Recombinant protein production

Answer

Gene expression

Answer

Protein production

Answer

Biotechnology

Question 7

What is the function of a promoter in gene expression?

Accepted Answer

Initiation of transcription

Answer

Termination of transcription

Answer

Gene expression regulation

Answer

Protein coding

Question 8

State the key difference between a plasmid and a viral vector:

Accepted Answer

Plasmids are smaller and bacteria-specific; viral vectors are larger with a broader host range

Answer

Viral vectors are smaller and bacteria-specific; plasmids are larger with a broader host range

Answer

Plasmids are circular DNA; viral vectors are linear DNA

Answer

There is no difference between a plasmid and a viral vector

Question 9

Distinguish between monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.

Accepted Answer

Monoclonal antibodies are derived from a single B cell clone, while polyclonal antibodies are produced by multiple B cell clones.

Answer

Polyclonal antibodies are less specific than monoclonal antibodies.

Answer

Monoclonal antibodies are less specific than polyclonal antibodies.

Answer

Polyclonal antibodies are derived from a single B cell clone, while monoclonal antibodies are produced by multiple B cell clones.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of biotechnology?

Accepted Answer

Trial and error

Answer

Reproducibility

Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Precision

Question 11

The process of transferring a gene from one organism to another is known as:

Accepted Answer

Genetic engineering

Answer

Transfection

Answer

Gene cloning

Question 12

The process of expressing a foreign gene in a host organism is termed as:

Accepted Answer

Gene expression

Answer

Gene amplification

Answer

Gene regulation

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an application of biotechnology in the pharmaceutical industry?

Accepted Answer

Production of cosmetics

Answer

Development of new drugs

Answer

Manufacturing of vaccines

Question 14

The technique used to amplify a specific DNA region is called:

Accepted Answer

PCR

Answer

DNA fingerprinting

Answer

Gene sequencing

Answer

Gel electrophoresis

Question 15

Which type of bioreactor is employed for large-scale production of recombinant proteins?

Accepted Answer

Fermenter

Answer

Microtiter plate

Answer

Erlenmeyer flask

Answer

Petri dish

Question 16

In the production of monoclonal antibodies using recombinant DNA technology, which of the following steps is **NOT** involved?

Accepted Answer

Hybridoma fusion

Answer

Gene cloning

Answer

Expression in host cells

Answer

Purification

Question 17

Which molecular biology technique is primarily used to amplify specific DNA sequences in vitro?

Accepted Answer

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Answer

Southern blotting

Answer

Gel electrophoresis

Answer

DNA sequencing

Question 18

According to the central dogma of molecular biology, the flow of genetic information is:

Accepted Answer

DNA → RNA → Protein

Answer

RNA → DNA → Protein

Answer

Protein → DNA → RNA

Answer

Protein → RNA → DNA

Question 19

In recombinant DNA technology, which vector is commonly employed for the production of recombinant proteins?

Accepted Answer

Plasmid

Answer

Bacteriophage

Answer

Cosmid

Answer

Yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)

Question 20

The primary function of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering is to:

Accepted Answer

Cleave DNA at specific recognition sequences

Answer

Amplify DNA fragments

Answer

Ligate DNA fragments

Answer

Transcribe DNA into RNA

Question 21

The large-scale production of recombinant proteins is primarily achieved through:

Accepted Answer

Cell culture

Answer

Transfection

Answer

Gene cloning

Answer

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Question 22

Antibodies generated specifically against a particular antigen are known as:

Accepted Answer

Monoclonal antibodies

Answer

Humanized antibodies

Answer

Polyclonal antibodies

Answer

Chimeric antibodies

Question 23

Which potential application of pharmaceutical biotechnology is associated with the development of targeted therapies?

Accepted Answer

Personalized medicine

Answer

Food processing

Answer

Biofuel production

Answer

Wastewater treatment

Question 24

Which potential ethical concern related to pharmaceutical biotechnology focuses on the potential long-term effects of genetic modifications?

Accepted Answer

Gene editing and germline modification

Answer

Cost-effectiveness

Answer

Protein instability

Answer

Scale-up production

Question 25

Which field combines both biological and engineering principles?

Accepted Answer

Biotechnology

Answer

Nanotechnology

Answer

Pharmacology

Answer

Bioinformatics