Respiratory Pharmacology Quizzes: Master Respiratory Medications

Question 1

Which of the following bronchodilators is a long-acting beta2-agonist?

Accepted Answer

Salmeterol

Answer

Salbutamol

Answer

Ipratropium bromide

Answer

Tiotropium bromide

Question 2

What is the primary mechanism of action of mucolytic agents?

Accepted Answer

Decrease mucus viscosity

Answer

Increase mucus viscosity

Answer

Inhibit mucus production

Answer

Stimulate mucus production

Question 3

What is the main mechanism of action of leukotriene modifiers?

Accepted Answer

Antagonize leukotriene receptors

Answer

Inhibit histamine release

Answer

Block acetylcholine receptors

Answer

Stimulate beta2-adrenoceptors

Question 4

What is the difference between a mucolytic and an expectorant?

Accepted Answer

Mucolytics decrease mucus viscosity; expectorants stimulate mucus production.

Answer

Expectorants decrease mucus viscosity; mucolytics stimulate mucus production.

Answer

Mucolytics and expectorants both increase mucus viscosity.

Answer

Mucolytics and expectorants both decrease mucus viscosity.

Question 5

Which of the following is a common side effect of anticholinergics?

Accepted Answer

Dry mouth

Answer

Bronchospasm

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Hypotension

Question 6

Which emerging trends are shaping the future of respiratory pharmacology research and how might these advancements transform the management of respiratory diseases?

Accepted Answer

Personalized therapies tailored to individual patient profiles

Accepted Answer

Novel drug delivery systems for targeted and sustained lung delivery

Accepted Answer

Combination therapies with multiple mechanisms of action for enhanced efficacy and reduced resistance

Answer

Reduced use of inhaled corticosteroids due to long-term adverse effects concerns

Question 7

Which of the following is a common side effect of inhaled beta2-agonists?

Accepted Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Difficulty passing stools

Answer

Impaired vision

Answer

Low blood sugar

Question 8

Which mechanism of action is responsible for the bronchodilatory effects of beta-2 agonists?

Accepted Answer

Stimulation of adenylate cyclase

Answer

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

Answer

Activation of muscarinic receptors

Answer

Blockade of histamine receptors

Question 9

Identify the drug that does NOT belong to the class of mucolytics:

Accepted Answer

Salbutamol

Answer

Bromhexine

Answer

Acetylcysteine

Answer

Ambroxol

Question 10

Inhaled corticosteroids are primarily used to manage:

Accepted Answer

Asthma

Answer

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer

Bronchitis

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 11

Which of the following is a frequently reported adverse effect associated with antitussives?

Accepted Answer

Drowsiness

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Hypotension

Question 12

Which inhaled corticosteroid is known for its superior potency?

Accepted Answer

Mometasone

Answer

Beclomethasone

Answer

Budesonide

Answer

Fluticasone

Question 13

Leukotriene modifiers are primarily indicated for the treatment of:

Accepted Answer

Asthma

Answer

COPD

Answer

Bronchitis

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 14

The primary mechanism of action of anticholinergic drugs is:

Accepted Answer

Blockade of muscarinic receptors

Answer

Stimulation of beta-2 receptors

Answer

Inhibition of phosphodiesterase

Answer

Activation of leukotriene receptors

Question 15

Which of the following mechanisms of action is not associated with bronchodilators?

Accepted Answer

Activation of muscarinic receptors

Answer

Relaxation of airway smooth muscle

Answer

Inhibition of cholinergic transmission

Answer

Stimulation of beta-2 adrenoceptors

Question 16

Which of the following drugs is a mucolytic agent used to treat respiratory diseases?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcysteine

Answer

Salbutamol

Answer

Ipratropium bromide

Answer

Theophylline

Question 17

Which of the following statements about antitussives is correct?

Accepted Answer

They suppress the cough reflex in the central nervous system

Answer

They reduce airway inflammation

Answer

They increase mucus production

Answer

They inhibit the release of histamine

Question 18

Which of the following patient factors is unlikely to influence the choice of bronchodilator therapy?

Accepted Answer

Diet preferences

Answer

Age

Answer

Severity of airflow obstruction

Answer

Smoking history

Question 19

Which of the following mechanisms of action is primarily associated with the use of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

Accepted Answer

Reduction of airway inflammation

Answer

Bronchodilation

Answer

Inhibition of mast cell degranulation

Answer

Enhancement of mucociliary clearance

Question 20

Which of the following statements about the use of mucolytics is accurate?

Accepted Answer

They are most effective in patients with copious, thick sputum

Answer

They can only be administered orally, not via inhalation

Answer

They are contraindicated in patients with asthma

Answer

They should be used alone, without bronchodilators

Question 21

What is the primary mechanism of action of beta-agonists in treating respiratory conditions?

Accepted Answer

Stimulation of cAMP production, leading to bronchodilation

Answer

Inhibition of acetylcholine release at the neuromuscular junction

Answer

Blockade of muscarinic receptors, reducing bronchoconstriction

Answer

Activation of phospholipase C, resulting in increased intracellular calcium

Question 22

Which of the following medications is classified as a mucolytic agent, helping to break down mucus in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcysteine

Answer

Atropine, a muscarinic antagonist used for bronchodilation

Answer

Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist for asthma treatment

Answer

Salbutamol, a short-acting beta-agonist for bronchodilation

Question 23

Which of the following conditions represents a contraindication for the use of anticholinergics in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Accepted Answer

Narrow-angle glaucoma, as anticholinergics can worsen intraocular pressure

Answer

Chronic bronchitis, another form of COPD where anticholinergics are commonly used

Answer

Emphysema, a form of COPD where anticholinergics can be beneficial

Answer

Asthma, a condition where anticholinergics can provide bronchodilation

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a common adverse effect associated with inhaled corticosteroids?

Accepted Answer

Tachyphylaxis (rapid decrease in drug effectiveness)

Answer

Hoarseness, a common side effect due to deposition of the drug in the voice box

Answer

Oral candidiasis (thrush), a fungal infection that can occur with inhaled corticosteroids

Answer

Increased risk of pneumonia, a potential complication of long-term use

Question 25

Which of the following drugs belongs to the class of leukotriene receptor antagonists, blocking the action of these inflammatory mediators?

Accepted Answer

Montelukast

Answer

Formoterol, a long-acting beta-agonist for bronchodilation

Answer

Salmeterol, another long-acting beta-agonist for bronchodilation

Answer

Ipratropium, an anticholinergic agent for bronchodilation

Question 26

What is the primary mechanism of action by which long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) exert their therapeutic effect in respiratory diseases?

Accepted Answer

Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, leading to bronchodilation and improved airflow

Answer

Stimulation of mucus secretion, aiding in the removal of airway secretions

Answer

Inhibition of mast cell degranulation, reducing the release of inflammatory mediators

Question 27

What is the primary mechanism of action of cromolyn sodium in the management of asthma?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of mast cell degranulation, preventing the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators

Answer

Reduction of airway inflammation through a direct anti-inflammatory effect

Answer

Stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in bronchodilation

Answer

Blockade of muscarinic receptors, leading to bronchodilation