Quality Control Quizzes for Pharmacy Students

Question 1

How does sampling error impact quality control measurements?

Accepted Answer

It diminishes both accuracy and precision.

Answer

It enhances both accuracy and precision.

Answer

It improves accuracy but worsens precision.

Answer

It has no impact.

Question 2

What is the primary objective of an acceptance sampling plan?

Accepted Answer

To make a decision on whether to accept or reject a product lot based on sample inspection

Answer

To estimate the proportion of defective items in a product lot

Answer

To establish statistical tolerance limits for a manufacturing process

Answer

To design a control chart for monitoring a manufacturing process

Question 3

What is the key distinction between process average and process standard deviation?

Accepted Answer

Process average represents the central tendency of the data, while process standard deviation measures its variability.

Answer

Process standard deviation represents the central tendency of the data, while process average measures its variability.

Answer

Both process average and process standard deviation represent the central tendency of the data.

Answer

Both process average and process standard deviation measure the variability of the data.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of implementing statistical quality control techniques?

Accepted Answer

Increased need for rework and scrap

Answer

Enhanced product quality

Answer

Reduced production costs

Answer

Improved customer satisfaction

Question 5

What is the primary purpose of a Shewhart control chart?

Accepted Answer

To monitor a process over time and detect out-of-control situations

Answer

To determine the probability of a process producing a defective item

Answer

To establish statistical tolerance limits for a process

Answer

To calculate the sample size for an acceptance sampling plan

Question 6

What is the difference between a Type I error and a Type II error in statistical hypothesis testing?

Accepted Answer

Type I error occurs when a true null hypothesis is rejected, while Type II error occurs when a false null hypothesis is accepted.

Answer

Type I error occurs when a false null hypothesis is accepted, while Type II error occurs when a true null hypothesis is rejected.

Answer

Both Type I and Type II errors occur when a null hypothesis is rejected.

Answer

Both Type I and Type II errors occur when a null hypothesis is accepted.

Question 7

What is the primary role of sampling in quality control?

Accepted Answer

To provide a representative subset of the population for testing

Answer

To ensure that every item in the population is tested

Answer

To reduce the cost of testing

Answer

To increase the precision of testing results

Question 8

For monitoring a process with normally distributed data, which control chart is most suitable?

Accepted Answer

X-bar chart

Answer

p-chart

Answer

c-chart

Answer

R-chart

Question 9

In acceptance sampling, what is the role of the operating characteristic (OC) curve?

Accepted Answer

It displays the probability of accepting a lot at a specified quality level.

Answer

It displays the probability of rejecting a lot at a specified quality level.

Answer

It indicates the proportion of non-conforming items in a lot.

Answer

It shows the probability of committing a Type I error.

Question 10

When determining the sample size for acceptance sampling, which factor is irrelevant?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation of the population

Answer

Lot size

Answer

Producer's risk

Answer

Consumer's risk

Question 11

For ensuring product weight remains within specified limits, which sampling plan is most fitting?

Accepted Answer

X-bar chart

Answer

p-chart

Answer

c-chart

Answer

s-chart

Question 12

When calculating control limits for an X-bar chart, which parameters are used?

Accepted Answer

Mean and standard deviation

Answer

Mean and range

Answer

Mean and sample size

Answer

Median and range

Question 13

What is the main purpose of acceptance sampling?

Accepted Answer

Deduce the quality of a lot based on a sample

Answer

Inspect every unit in a batch

Answer

Calculate the overall quality of a lot

Answer

Eliminate all defective items from a lot

Question 14

The probability of a Type II error occurring in acceptance sampling indicates what?

Accepted Answer

Accepting a substandard lot

Answer

Rejecting a satisfactory lot

Answer

Finding a defective unit in a lot

Answer

Reaching a proper conclusion

Question 15

Within statistical process control, control limits are best defined as:

Accepted Answer

Boundaries indicating the expected range of process variation

Answer

Limits determining product acceptance or rejection

Answer

Targets setting the ideal process performance

Answer

Limits solely based on historical process data

Question 16

Which principle underpins statistical process control?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining process stability while monitoring

Answer

Accepting non-conforming products

Answer

Assessing quality via random sampling

Answer

Rejecting all products with any flaw

Question 17

What is the primary purpose of acceptance sampling?

Accepted Answer

Evaluating if a product batch meets pre-defined quality standards

Answer

Testing every product in a batch

Answer

Identifying the root causes of manufacturing defects

Answer

Minimizing the risk of product recalls

Question 18

Which type of control chart is used to monitor process variability?

Accepted Answer

X-bar chart

Answer

p-chart

Answer

c-chart

Answer

u-chart

Question 19

What does an out-of-control point on a control chart suggest?

Accepted Answer

Process instability or a special cause of variation

Answer

Process stability and predictable performance

Answer

Immediate corrective action is needed

Answer

Absence of product defects

Question 20

Differentiate between Type I and Type II errors in acceptance sampling.

Accepted Answer

Type I error is rejecting a conforming lot, while Type II error is accepting a non-conforming lot

Answer

Type I error is accepting a non-conforming lot, while Type II error is rejecting a conforming lot

Answer

Type I error involves sampling too many products, while Type II error involves sampling too few products

Answer

Type I error uses a large sample size, while Type II error uses a small sample size

Question 21

Describe the operating characteristic curve of an acceptance sampling plan.

Accepted Answer

A graph showing the probability of lot acceptance across varying product quality levels

Answer

A graph showing the probability of lot rejection across varying product quality levels

Answer

A table listing the acceptance number for various sample sizes

Answer

A table listing the rejection number for various sample sizes

Question 22

What is the significance of validation in quality control?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring the suitability of test methods and procedures

Answer

Inspecting the quality of raw materials and finished products

Answer

Identifying and eliminating manufacturing defects

Answer

Training staff on quality control procedures