Gases: Properties, Laws, and Kinetic Molecular Theory

Question 1

Charles's law describes how the volume of a gas varies with temperature at constant pressure.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 2

Which of the following gases deviates significantly from ideal behavior at low temperatures?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Nitrogen

Question 3

The molar mass of a gas can be determined using the ideal gas equation if the pressure, volume, and temperature are known.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 4

The SI unit for the gas constant is J/(mol K).

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 5

The rate of diffusion of gases is affected by temperature, pressure, and molecular mass.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 6

The combined gas law relates:

Accepted Answer

Volume, temperature, and pressure

Answer

Volume, moles, and temperature

Answer

Pressure, moles, and volume

Answer

Temperature, moles, and pressure

Question 7

Which unit is used to measure pressure in the SI system?

Accepted Answer

Pascal (Pa)

Answer

Atmosphere (atm)

Answer

Torr (mmHg)

Answer

Pound per square inch (psi)

Question 8

A container of gas is heated from 25 °C to 50 °C at constant volume. What will happen to the pressure of the gas?

Accepted Answer

It will increase

Answer

It will decrease

Answer

It will remain the same

Answer

It cannot be determined

Question 9

Which gas would have the highest average kinetic energy at a given temperature?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen (H2)

Answer

Helium (He)

Answer

Oxygen (O2)

Answer

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 10

The ideal gas equation is:

Accepted Answer

PV = nRT

Answer

V = nRT/P

Answer

P = nRT/V

Answer

n = PV/RT

Question 11

Which of the following gases deviates significantly from ideal gas behavior at low temperatures and high pressures?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Answer

Nitrogen (N2)

Answer

Methane (CH4)

Answer

Hydrogen (H2)

Question 12

According to Boyle's law, what happens to the volume of a gas if the pressure increases while the temperature remains constant?

Accepted Answer

Decreases

Answer

Increases

Answer

Unpredictable behavior

Answer

Stays the same

Question 13

Which of the following statements most accurately describes Charles's law?

Accepted Answer

The volume of a gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to its absolute temperature

Answer

The pressure of a gas at constant volume is inversely proportional to its absolute temperature

Answer

The volume of a gas at constant temperature is directly proportional to its pressure

Answer

The pressure of a gas at constant volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature

Question 14

Which assumption of the ideal gas model is violated by real gases at high pressures?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles have no intermolecular forces

Answer

Gas particles move in straight lines until they collide

Answer

Gas particles collide elastically

Answer

Gas particles are point masses

Question 15

What is the combined gas law used to calculate?

Accepted Answer

The relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas sample

Answer

The ideal gas constant

Answer

The molar mass of a gas

Answer

The rate of gas diffusion

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a unit of pressure?

Accepted Answer

Kelvin

Answer

Pascal

Answer

Torr

Answer

Bar

Question 17

Which factor does NOT affect the rate of gas diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Volume

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Molecular mass

Question 18

What is the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture of gases?

Accepted Answer

The pressure exerted by that gas when it occupies the entire volume of the mixture

Answer

The pressure exerted by all gases in the mixture

Answer

The sum of the pressures exerted by all gases in the mixture

Answer

The difference between the pressure exerted by that gas and the total pressure of the mixture

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of real gases?

Accepted Answer

They deviate from ideal behavior at high pressures

Answer

They behave ideally at all conditions

Answer

They have strong intermolecular forces

Answer

They exist only in the gaseous state

Question 20

What is the primary purpose of the van der Waals equation?

Accepted Answer

To describe the behavior of real gases

Answer

To calculate the ideal gas constant

Answer

To determine the molecular mass of a gas

Answer

To predict the rate of a chemical reaction

Question 21

Which of the following assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory is false?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles have no kinetic energy.

Answer

Gas particles move in random directions.

Answer

Gas particles experience no attractive or repulsive forces.

Answer

The volume of gas particles is negligible compared to the volume of the container.

Question 22

Which equation represents the combined gas law?

Accepted Answer

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

Answer

PV = constant

Answer

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

Question 23

At what temperature will a gas sample occupy double its original volume if the pressure remains constant?

Accepted Answer

Double the original temperature

Answer

Half the original temperature

Answer

Four times the original temperature

Question 24

In the ideal gas equation PV = nRT, which variable represents the number of moles of gas?

Accepted Answer

n

Answer

P

Answer

V

Answer

R

Question 25

Which gas would most closely follow the ideal gas law at room temperature and pressure?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Water vapor

Question 26

A closed container contains 2 moles of oxygen (O₂) and 3 moles of nitrogen (N₂). If the total pressure inside the container is 10 atm, what is the partial pressure of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

2 atm

Answer

3 atm

Answer

5 atm

Question 27

Which unit is used to measure pressure in the SI system?

Accepted Answer

Pascals

Answer

Atmospheres

Answer

Torr

Question 28

If a gas sample is compressed from a volume of 5 liters to 2 liters at constant temperature, what happens to its pressure?

Accepted Answer

It increases by a factor of 2.

Answer

It decreases by a factor of 2.

Answer

It increases by a factor of 2.5.

Question 29

According to Boyle's law, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its:

Accepted Answer

Volume

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Number of moles

Answer

Mass

Question 30

What is the correct form of the combined gas law?

Accepted Answer

PV/T = constant

Answer

V/P = constant

Answer

P/T = constant

Answer

V/T = constant

Question 31

Which parameters are related by the ideal gas equation?

Accepted Answer

Pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles

Answer

Pressure, volume, and temperature

Answer

Volume, temperature, and number of moles

Answer

Pressure, number of moles, and temperature

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a postulate of the kinetic molecular theory?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles exert attractive forces on each other

Answer

Gas particles are in constant random motion

Answer

Gas particles have negligible volume

Answer

Gas particles collide elastically

Question 33

Which of the following gases has the highest root mean square (rms) velocity?

Accepted Answer

Helium (He)

Answer

Nitrogen (N2)

Answer

Oxygen (O2)

Answer

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 34

According to Boyle's law, at constant temperature, what is the relationship between the volume and pressure of a gas?

Accepted Answer

Inversely proportional

Answer

Independent

Answer

Not related

Answer

Directly proportional

Question 35

Charles's law describes the relationship between the volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure. According to Charles's law, how does the volume of a gas change with increasing temperature?

Accepted Answer

Directly proportional

Answer

Not related

Answer

Inversely proportional

Question 36

The combined gas law combines Boyle's law and Charles's law to relate which three variables?

Accepted Answer

Pressure, volume, and temperature

Answer

Pressure and volume

Answer

Volume and temperature

Answer

Pressure and temperature

Question 37

Which equation represents the ideal gas equation?

Accepted Answer

PV = nRT

Answer

V = nRT/P

Answer

P = nRT/V

Answer

PV = nT

Question 38

According to the kinetic molecular theory, how are gas particles described?

Accepted Answer

Particles in constant random motion

Answer

Particles that interact only through attractive forces

Answer

Stationary particles that interact only through collisions

Question 39

In the kinetic molecular theory, what causes the pressure of a gas?

Accepted Answer

Collisions of gas particles with the container walls

Answer

Gravitational attraction between gas particles

Answer

Electric forces between gas particles

Question 40

The average kinetic energy of gas particles is directly proportional to what property?

Accepted Answer

Absolute temperature

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Volume

Answer

Number of particles

Question 41

The root mean square (rms) speed of gas particles is related to the absolute temperature by what proportionality?

Accepted Answer

Square root of the absolute temperature

Answer

Absolute temperature

Answer

Inverse square root of the absolute temperature

Question 42

Using the density and the ideal gas equation, what property of a gas can be determined?

Accepted Answer

Molar mass

Answer

Pressure

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume