Policy and Practice in Class and Inequality Studies: Online Learning Quizzes

Question 1

When creating policies to reduce class and inequality, what ethical concerns should be considered?

Accepted Answer

These policies could unintentionally create new types of inequality.

Answer

These policies are always morally right because they promote fairness.

Answer

Ethics are not important when making policies to help those in need.

Answer

The ethical implications of these policies are always the same, no matter the situation.

Question 2

How does social class interact with other social stratification factors like race, gender, and sexual orientation?

Accepted Answer

Social class interacts with other social stratification factors, creating a complex system of inequality.

Answer

Social class is completely independent of other social stratification factors.

Answer

Social class is the most significant social stratification factor, with others being less important.

Answer

Social class, race, gender, and sexual orientation are all distinct forms of social stratification.

Question 3

How do media representations influence class stereotypes and inequalities?

Accepted Answer

Media representations can both reinforce and challenge class stereotypes and inequalities.

Answer

Media representations always reinforce class stereotypes and inequalities.

Answer

Media representations never influence class stereotypes and inequalities.

Answer

Media representations have no impact on class stereotypes and inequalities.

Question 4

How does social mobility influence class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Social mobility can significantly reduce class and inequality, but it's not a complete solution.

Answer

Social mobility always decreases class and inequality.

Answer

Social mobility is the sole factor influencing class and inequality.

Answer

Social mobility has no effect on class and inequality.

Question 5

What is a potential unintended consequence of policies intended to reduce class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Reduced economic growth

Answer

Increased social mobility

Answer

Improved educational attainment

Answer

Increased social cohesion

Question 6

How does ideology contribute to the persistence of class inequality? Explain how dominant ideologies shape people's perceptions of their own social class and the social class of others.

Accepted Answer

Ideology can justify and perpetuate class inequality by creating a sense of entitlement among the elite and a sense of inferiority among the poor.

Answer

Ideology plays no role in shaping class inequality.

Answer

Ideology can only be challenged through violent revolution.

Answer

Ideology has no impact on policy and practice.

Question 7

How does Participatory Action Research (PAR) help create policies that address class inequality?

Accepted Answer

By involving communities in identifying and prioritizing their needs.

Answer

By providing policymakers with numerical data for decision-making.

Answer

By ensuring that only government officials make policy decisions.

Answer

By guaranteeing that all research findings lead to immediate policy changes.

Question 8

How do media representations influence public perceptions of class and inequality? Analyze how media portrayals can both reinforce and challenge prevailing social stratification.

Accepted Answer

Media representations can both reinforce and challenge existing social hierarchies, depending on the context and intent.

Answer

Media representations of class and inequality are always accurate and unbiased.

Answer

Media portrayals only reinforce existing social hierarchies.

Answer

Media representations have no impact on public perceptions of class and inequality.

Question 9

Which policy approach is commonly utilized to address economic inequality?

Accepted Answer

Progressive taxation

Answer

Enforced minimum wage

Answer

Educational vouchers

Answer

Optional charity programs

Question 10

Which limitation is associated with using quantitative data in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

It may overlook individual experiences.

Answer

Interpretation can be challenging

Answer

Bias towards specific groups is possible

Answer

Cross-contextual comparisons are not feasible

Question 11

According to Karl Marx's theory of class, what primarily determines an individual's class position?

Accepted Answer

Their ownership of the means of production

Answer

Their occupation

Answer

Their wealth

Answer

Their level of education

Question 12

A key aspect of intersectionality in the context of class and inequality is:

Accepted Answer

Recognizing that various forms of oppression are interconnected.

Answer

Focusing exclusively on economic inequalities.

Answer

Arguing that class is the sole determinant of life chances.

Answer

Excluding the experiences of marginalized groups.

Question 13

What is the primary purpose of the Equality Act 2010 in the UK?

Accepted Answer

Eliminate discrimination based on various protected characteristics

Answer

Reduce poverty and social deprivation

Answer

Improve access to education and healthcare

Answer

Promote social mobility

Question 14

Which criticism is NOT commonly associated with the welfare state's effectiveness in reducing class inequality?

Accepted Answer

It eliminates incentives to work

Answer

It can create dependency

Answer

It is too expensive

Answer

It does not address the root causes of inequality

Question 15

Define 'intersectional inequality' in the context of social studies.

Accepted Answer

The concept that individuals experience various forms of inequality due to their overlapping identities and social positions

Answer

The belief that inequality solely affects specific social groups

Answer

The idea that economic factors are the sole determinants of inequality

Answer

The assumption that inequality is an inevitable and unchangeable aspect of society

Question 16

Identify an objective that is NOT a goal of policy and practice in this field:

Accepted Answer

Promoting economic growth

Answer

Reducing social exclusion

Answer

Increasing social justice

Answer

Improving educational outcomes

Question 17

Which policy approach aims to directly address class inequality by providing financial aid to individuals in need?

Accepted Answer

Social assistance

Answer

Universal basic income

Answer

Affirmative action

Answer

Progressive taxation

Question 18

Which of the following is not a key principle of effective policy intervention in reducing class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Top-down implementation

Answer

Decision-making grounded in evidence

Answer

Collaborative and coordinated approaches

Answer

Long-term commitment

Question 19

The concept of 'intersectionality' in class and inequality studies refers to:

Accepted Answer

The overlapping and mutually constitutive nature of multiple social identities

Answer

The study of class and inequality in isolation from other social factors

Answer

The belief that class is the sole determinant of social stratification

Answer

The hierarchical arrangement of social groups based on their power and resources

Question 20

The role of the state in addressing class and inequality in the United Kingdom has been characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A combination of welfare state and market-based policies

Answer

Welfare state policies aimed at reducing poverty and inequality

Answer

Market-based policies prioritizing economic growth

Answer

Minimal state intervention

Question 21

What is a key criticism of using school vouchers as a policy to reduce class inequality?

Accepted Answer

They may lead to increased inequalities.

Answer

They do not allow for parental choice.

Answer

They are very expensive to implement.

Answer

They are not effective in improving educational outcomes.

Question 22

Which of the following is a key finding from research on the impact of progressive taxation on class inequality?

Accepted Answer

Progressive taxation can reduce income inequality.

Answer

Progressive taxation leads to faster economic growth.

Answer

Progressive taxation does not have a significant impact on inequality.

Answer

Progressive taxation decreases government revenue.

Question 23

What is a key theoretical perspective that explains the role of education in reproducing class inequality?

Accepted Answer

Cultural capital theory

Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Functionalist theory

Answer

Symbolic interactionism

Question 24

What is the primary objective of the 'Levelling Up' agenda introduced by the UK government in 2019?

Accepted Answer

To reduce regional disparities in opportunities and outcomes

Answer

To improve social mobility for all citizens

Answer

To boost economic growth in disadvantaged areas

Answer

To enhance educational attainment for all students

Question 25

What is the concept of 'structural inequality'?

Accepted Answer

Inequality that is deeply embedded in the design of social and economic systems

Answer

Inequality that is solely the result of individual choices and behaviors

Answer

Inequality that only exists in certain geographic regions

Answer

Inequality that only affects specific groups of people

Question 26

Which of the following is an example of a 'universalist' approach to reducing inequality?

Accepted Answer

Providing universal access to free healthcare

Answer

Offering targeted support to low-income families

Answer

Increasing the minimum wage for workers

Answer

Reducing taxes for small businesses

Question 27

What is the central criticism of 'trickle-down economics' as a strategy for reducing inequality?

Accepted Answer

It does not effectively benefit the poorest in society

Answer

It inevitably leads to increased government spending

Answer

It hinders economic growth and productivity

Answer

It promotes high levels of inflation

Question 28

Summarize the central argument put forth by Bourdieu's theory of social reproduction.

Accepted Answer

Cultural capital exerts a significant influence on maintaining social disparities

Answer

Social stratification is perpetuated through the education system

Answer

The family is the primary driver of social mobility

Answer

Economic factors hold the most sway in determining social class

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT considered a key objective of policies aimed at reducing class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Providing tax breaks to wealthy individuals

Answer

Expanding access to education and training

Answer

Increasing the minimum wage

Answer

Improving access to healthcare

Question 30

Which of the following is an example of a universal policy, designed to benefit all citizens, aimed at reducing class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Progressive taxation

Answer

Means-tested welfare benefits

Answer

Targeted job training programs

Answer

Vouchers for private schools

Question 31

Which of the following is an example of a bottom-up approach to reducing class and inequality, which emphasizes community-led initiatives and empowerment?

Accepted Answer

Community organizing and grassroots movements

Answer

Government-funded job training programs

Answer

Tax cuts for wealthy individuals and corporations

Answer

Increased regulation of businesses

Question 32

Evaluate a potential limitation of Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs in tackling class and inequality.

Accepted Answer

Over-dependence on government support

Answer

Increased household income

Answer

Improved educational opportunities

Answer

Narrowed income gap

Question 33

The term 'intersectionality' describes the interconnectedness of which social factors?

Accepted Answer

Class, race, and gender

Answer

Age, education, and income

Answer

Occupation, religion, and political affiliation

Answer

Health, wealth, and happiness

Question 34

The concept of 'meritocracy' suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Individuals should be rewarded based on their abilities and efforts

Answer

Social mobility is determined by birth and family background

Answer

Education is the only key to overcoming class barriers

Answer

Government intervention is essential to ensure equality of opportunity

Question 35

The 'occupational prestige scale' measures:

Accepted Answer

The relative status and desirability of different occupations

Answer

The income and wealth associated with different occupations

Answer

The educational requirements for different occupations

Answer

The physical demands and risks associated with different occupations

Question 36

Which of the following is an established policy initiative designed to mitigate class inequality?

Accepted Answer

Universal Basic Income

Answer

Regressive taxation

Answer

Deregulation of labor markets

Answer

Privatization of social services

Question 37

When evaluating the effectiveness of programs aimed at tackling inequality, which criterion is most relevant?

Accepted Answer

Reduction in income disparities

Answer

Cost-effectiveness

Answer

Impact on social mobility rates

Answer

Public perception of the program

Question 38

Which theoretical perspective emphasizes the central role of class struggle in perpetuating inequality?

Accepted Answer

Marxism

Answer

Functionalism

Answer

Symbolic Interactionism

Answer

Feminism

Question 39

What is the concept of 'intersectionality' in the context of class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

The recognition that multiple forms of discrimination, such as racism and sexism, can intersect to create unique experiences of inequality

Answer

The idea that class is the primary determinant of inequality

Answer

The belief that economic inequality is the most pressing social issue

Answer

The argument that inequality is a natural and inevitable aspect of society

Question 40

Which of the following is a qualitative research method frequently used in class and inequality studies?

Accepted Answer

Interviews

Answer

Quantitative data analysis

Answer

Laboratory experiments

Answer

Online surveys

Question 41

What is a primary objective of affirmative action programs in addressing class inequality?

Accepted Answer

Increase representation of historically underrepresented groups in higher education and employment

Answer

Redistribute wealth from the wealthy to the poor

Answer

Abolish private property ownership

Answer

Eliminate all forms of racial and ethnic discrimination

Question 42

What is the primary objective of policies designed to reduce inequality?

Accepted Answer

To promote social justice and equal opportunities

Answer

To equitably distribute wealth and resources

Answer

To eliminate poverty and economic disparities

Answer

To stimulate economic growth and innovation

Question 43

Which of the following is an example of a universal welfare program?

Accepted Answer

Public healthcare system providing services to all citizens

Answer

Unemployment benefits targeted at individuals who have lost their jobs

Answer

Social housing subsidies specifically for low-income families

Answer

Student loans provided to cover the cost of higher education

Question 44

Identify the most crucial factor NOT contributing to class and inequality:

Accepted Answer

Genetic makeup

Answer

Educational attainment

Answer

Income disparity

Answer

Health disparities

Question 45

State the primary goal of the Equality Act 2010:

Accepted Answer

Prohibiting discrimination based on specific characteristics

Answer

Providing financial assistance to low-income households

Answer

Promoting social mobility

Answer

Regulating the labour market

Question 46

Which outcome is NOT typically associated with class inequality?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced mental well-being

Answer

Limited access to healthcare

Answer

Reduced political influence

Answer

Increased crime rates

Question 47

According to the 'Social Mobility Commission', which factor most significantly influences an individual's life chances?

Accepted Answer

Social class background

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Education

Answer

Personality

Question 48

Which of the following is a possible unintended consequence of policies aimed at reducing class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Reduced social cohesion

Answer

Increased social mobility

Answer

Faster economic growth

Answer

Improved health outcomes

Question 49

Which of the following is a key principle of the welfare state in the United Kingdom?

Accepted Answer

Universalism

Answer

Selectivity

Answer

Residualism

Question 50

The concept of 'social mobility' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Changes in an individual's socioeconomic status over time

Answer

The extent to which people's social status is determined by their parents

Answer

The degree of inequality in a society

Question 51

The 'glass ceiling' refers to:

Accepted Answer

Barriers to women's career advancement

Answer

Discrimination against ethnic minorities in the workplace

Answer

The underrepresentation of women in leadership positions

Question 52

The concept of 'precarity' is often used to describe:

Accepted Answer

Unstable and insecure employment

Answer

Living in poverty

Answer

Lack of access to basic services

Question 53

One widely recognized definition of 'class' is:

Accepted Answer

A group of people who share similar economic resources and social status.

Answer

A hierarchical system of social stratification based on power and prestige.

Answer

A collection of individuals who identify with a particular subculture.

Answer

A category assigned to individuals based on their occupation.

Question 54

Which concept is central to understanding the existence of different social and economic strata in society?

Accepted Answer

Social stratification

Answer

Social cohesion

Answer

Cultural capital

Answer

Economic mobility

Question 55

The Equality Act 2010, enacted in the United Kingdom, is significant because it:

Accepted Answer

Prohibits discrimination based on specific protected characteristics.

Answer

Guarantees equal opportunities for all citizens regardless of their socioeconomic background.

Answer

Provides financial support to low-income households.

Answer

Establishes a statutory minimum wage.

Question 56

Cultural capital, as defined in sociological theory, refers to:

Accepted Answer

The non-material resources possessed by individuals, such as knowledge, skills, and cultural awareness.

Answer

The material resources possessed by individuals, such as wealth and property.

Answer

The social networks and connections that individuals have.

Answer

The political power that individuals wield.

Question 57

The concept of intersectionality recognizes that:

Accepted Answer

Individuals can experience multiple forms of discrimination and oppression simultaneously.

Answer

Class, race, and gender are the only forms of inequality that exist.

Answer

Inequality is always caused by individual choices.

Answer

Social policies should focus on addressing only one form of inequality at a time.

Question 58

Social mobility refers to:

Accepted Answer

The movement of individuals between different social classes.

Answer

The process of reducing class and inequality.

Answer

The redistribution of wealth within society.

Answer

The development of new social policies.

Question 59

Class consciousness refers to:

Accepted Answer

The awareness of one's social class position.

Answer

The desire to change one's class position.

Answer

The belief that one's class is superior to others.

Answer

The rejection of the concept of class.

Question 60

Which of the following is NOT a core policy area that has been used to address class and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Environmental sustainability

Answer

Education

Answer

Housing

Answer

Healthcare

Question 61

The term 'social mobility' refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Movement of individuals and groups between different social classes

Answer

Ability of individuals to improve their economic status

Answer

Extent to which social class is inherited

Answer

Level of inequality in a society

Question 62

Which of the following is a key principle of affirmative action?

Accepted Answer

Providing preferential treatment to individuals from underrepresented groups in employment and education

Answer

Granting special privileges to individuals from wealthy families

Answer

Eliminating all forms of prejudice

Answer

Ensuring that all individuals have equal opportunities, regardless of their background

Question 63

The concept of 'intersectionality' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The overlapping and interconnected nature of social identities and their influence on experiences of inequality

Answer

The division of society into distinct and separate classes

Answer

The idea that social inequality is caused by a single factor

Answer

The study of how social class is inherited

Question 64

The term 'relative deprivation' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The feeling that one is worse off than others in society, despite having basic needs met

Answer

The absolute level of poverty in a society

Answer

The gap between the rich and the poor

Answer

The extent to which individuals have equal opportunities