Theories of Conflict: A Comprehensive Guide for Peace and Conflict Studies

Question 1

Which of the following is a **core concept** in **Conflict Theory**?

Accepted Answer

Conflict

Accepted Answer

Power

Answer

Cooperation

Answer

Interdependence

Question 2

Which concept is NOT a fundamental aspect of conflict theory?

Accepted Answer

Harmony

Answer

Conflict

Answer

Power

Answer

Inequality

Question 3

In Marxist theory, what is considered the primary factor driving conflict within society?

Accepted Answer

Economic disparities

Answer

Cultural variations

Answer

Ideological differences

Answer

Psychological biases

Question 4

According to Marxist theory, which concept explains the inherent conflict caused by the division of society into classes?

Accepted Answer

Class struggle

Answer

Consensus

Answer

Balance of power

Answer

Relative deprivation

Question 5

Which principle is central to feminist theory?

Accepted Answer

Power dynamics shape societal structures.

Answer

Income inequality is the primary cause of conflict.

Answer

Military power should be the main focus of international relations.

Answer

Women are inherently superior to men.

Question 6

According to Feminist Theory, which factor is considered a primary cause of conflict and inequality?

Accepted Answer

Gender inequality

Answer

Class struggle

Answer

National sovereignty

Answer

Economic disparities

Question 7

Which theory of conflict highlights the significance of unequal resource distribution and power dynamics in shaping societal conflicts?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theory

Answer

Realist theory

Answer

Liberal theory

Answer

Feminist theory

Question 8

Which concept is not a fundamental principle of Marxist theory?

Accepted Answer

Voluntary cooperation

Answer

Class struggle

Answer

Labor exploitation

Answer

Revolutionary transformation

Question 9

In realist theory, which element is considered fundamental in shaping international relations?

Accepted Answer

Power dynamics between states

Answer

Cooperation among nations

Answer

Class struggle

Answer

Interdependence and shared values

Question 10

In realist theory, what is considered the primary force shaping international relations?

Accepted Answer

National interests

Answer

Economic interdependence

Answer

International organizations

Answer

Cultural values

Question 11

Which concept is NOT central to Marxist Theory?

Accepted Answer

Social mobility

Answer

Class struggle

Answer

Power dynamics

Answer

Economic inequality

Question 12

In Marxist theory, what is considered the root cause of societal conflict?

Accepted Answer

Class divisions and economic disparities

Answer

Competition for limited resources

Answer

Inherent human aggression

Answer

Cultural and ideological variations

Question 13

Which theory of conflict focuses on the influence of gender, patriarchy, and intersectionality in shaping conflicts and peacebuilding efforts?

Accepted Answer

Feminist Theory of Conflict

Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Liberal Theory

Answer

Marxist Theory

Question 14

In conflict theory, which fundamental aspect of social relations is considered a primary source of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Power

Answer

Cooperation

Answer

Interdependence

Answer

Social harmony

Question 15

In realist theory, which concept is NOT considered fundamental?

Accepted Answer

Cooperation

Answer

Power

Answer

National interest

Answer

Security

Question 16

In Feminist Theory, which concept is central to understanding how power dynamics in society shape conflict resolution?

Accepted Answer

Gender

Answer

Economic inequality

Answer

State sovereignty

Answer

Balance of power

Question 17

Which conflict theory emphasizes the role of power imbalances and social inequalities in understanding the origins of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Marxist Theory

Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Liberal Theory

Answer

Feminist Theory

Question 18

In Feminist Theory, which of these is a primary factor influencing conflict dynamics?

Accepted Answer

Gender inequality

Answer

National interests

Answer

Economic disparity

Question 19

Which theory of conflict argues that the root cause of conflict lies in the struggle between social classes, specifically the exploitation of the working class by the capitalist class?

Accepted Answer

Marxist Theory

Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Liberal Theory

Answer

Constructivist Theory

Question 20

According to Conflict Theory, which fundamental element is crucial for understanding the emergence and persistence of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Power

Answer

Collaboration

Answer

Empathy

Question 21

Which theory of conflict views economic inequality and class struggle as the root causes of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Marxist Theory

Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Liberal Theory

Question 22

In peace and conflict studies, how does postcolonial theory challenge conventional views on conflict's origins?

Accepted Answer

Postcolonial theory criticizes liberal and realist theories for ignoring the lasting effects of colonialism, inequality, and injustice as major contributors to conflict.

Answer

Postcolonial theory claims that cultural differences are the main cause of conflict and misunderstanding.

Answer

Postcolonial theory only applies to conflicts in developing countries, not developed ones.

Answer

Postcolonial theory offers a complete solution to resolving all conflicts, eliminating their root causes.

Question 23

In **Realist Theory**, what is the primary reason why states engage in conflict?

Accepted Answer

To safeguard national interests

Answer

To foster global cooperation

Answer

To promote democratic ideals

Question 24

In feminist theory of conflict, which concept is considered central?

Accepted Answer

Gender

Answer

Class struggle

Answer

National interest

Answer

Interdependence

Question 25

In Marxist theory, what is the primary cause of conflict in society?

Accepted Answer

Class struggle

Answer

Ideological differences

Answer

Competition for resources

Question 26

According to Marxist Theory, what is the primary cause of conflict in society?

Accepted Answer

Struggle between social classes

Answer

Competition for limited resources

Answer

Clash of different beliefs

Answer

Inherent nature of humans

Question 27

Conflict theory argues that inequality and power imbalances persist due to:

Accepted Answer

The unequal distribution of resources and power.

Answer

Misunderstandings and communication breakdowns.

Answer

The inherent conflictual nature of human interactions.

Answer

The inevitability of violent conflict resolution.

Question 28

Which principle is fundamental to human rights theory in the context of conflict resolution?

Accepted Answer

Individuals possess inherent rights and freedoms that must be safeguarded, even during conflicts.

Answer

States have the absolute authority to govern their territories without external interference.

Question 29

Which concept is not a central tenet of Karl Marx's conflict theory?

Accepted Answer

Gender

Answer

Power

Answer

Inequality

Answer

Social change

Question 30

In Marxist Theory, what is the primary source of conflict within a capitalist society?

Accepted Answer

Class exploitation

Answer

Power structures

Answer

Ideological differences

Answer

Religious beliefs

Question 31

Within postcolonial theory, which concept describes the cultural and ideological dominance of one group over another?

Accepted Answer

Hegemony

Answer

Structural violence

Question 32

In conflict resolution, mediation is the process where:

Accepted Answer

A neutral third party helps disputing parties communicate and negotiate.

Answer

A neutral third party makes a final decision on the dispute.

Answer

Disputing parties build relationships and improve communication.

Answer

Disputing parties communicate directly to reach an agreement.

Question 33

Which concept is NOT a central tenet of Marxist conflict theory?

Accepted Answer

Social harmony

Answer

Class struggle

Answer

Exploitation

Question 34

In conflict theory, what is the main focus of analysis to comprehend the underlying causes of conflict?

Accepted Answer

The distribution of power and resources in society

Answer

Individual motivations and psychological factors

Answer

The role of culture and identity in shaping conflict

Answer

The impact of environmental factors on conflict

Question 35

In Feminist Theory, which principle is crucial for understanding conflict?

Accepted Answer

Gender Roles and Power Dynamics

Answer

Economic Disparities

Answer

State-Focused Analysis

Answer

Military Power and Security

Question 36

In feminist theory of conflict, what is identified as a key factor contributing to conflict and oppression?

Accepted Answer

Gender inequality and power imbalances

Answer

Economic inequality and class struggle

Answer

Nationalism and ethnic divisions

Question 37

Which theory of conflict places the greatest emphasis on the role of power imbalances and economic inequality in shaping the causes and dynamics of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Marxist Theory

Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Liberal Theory

Answer

Postmodern Theory

Question 38

Which theory of conflict centers on class struggle and economic inequality as primary drivers of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Marxist Theory

Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Liberal Theory

Question 39

Which theory posits that conflict stems from the struggle between social classes, with the dominant class exploiting the working class?

Accepted Answer

Marxist Theory

Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Liberal Theory

Answer

Constructivist Theory

Question 40

What is a core principle of security studies?

Accepted Answer

Security focuses on protecting the state and its interests

Answer

Diplomacy and negotiation are the primary means of resolving international conflicts

Answer

Economic development is the most effective way to prevent conflict

Answer

The use of force is always the best option in addressing security threats

Question 41

Which concept is a central pillar of Marxist Theory?

Accepted Answer

Class Struggle

Answer

Imperialism

Answer

Free Market Capitalism

Answer

Social Darwinism

Question 42

In Marxist theory, what is identified as the primary driver of conflict within societies?

Accepted Answer

Clash between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat

Answer

Competition for limited resources between nations

Answer

Misunderstandings and communication barriers between cultures

Answer

Cultural and religious differences leading to clashes between civilizations

Question 43

Which of the following is a key principle of critical theory in conflict analysis?

Accepted Answer

Critical examination of social structures and power relations is crucial for understanding conflict's root causes.

Answer

Conflict is an inherent part of human nature and can only be managed, not resolved.

Answer

Rational negotiation and compromise can effectively resolve conflicts.

Question 44

Which theory of conflict emphasizes that states prioritize their national interests and security, often using military power to protect them?

Accepted Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Liberal Theory

Answer

Marxist Theory

Question 45

In realist theory, which concept highlights the significance of military power in preserving global stability?

Accepted Answer

Balance of power

Answer

Interdependence

Answer

Class struggle

Question 46

Which concept is NOT a core principle of Marxist theory?

Accepted Answer

National sovereignty

Answer

Class conflict

Answer

Economic exploitation

Question 47

According to realist theory, which entity is considered the most important player in international relations?

Accepted Answer

States

Answer

International organizations

Answer

Economic interdependence

Answer

Moral and ethical considerations

Question 48

Which theory of conflict highlights the influence of social norms and identities in shaping conflict dynamics?

Accepted Answer

Constructivist Theory

Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Marxist Theory

Question 49

In conflict theory, which perspective focuses on class struggle and the resulting power imbalances between socioeconomic classes?

Accepted Answer

Marxist Theory

Answer

Realist Theory

Answer

Liberal Theory

Question 50

In Realist Theory, which fundamental principle guides international relations?

Accepted Answer

Power and national interests are the driving forces of state behavior.

Answer

International cooperation is the primary path to global stability.

Answer

Moral and ethical values heavily influence foreign policy decisions.

Answer

Shared cultural values and common identities foster peaceful coexistence among nations.

Question 51

Examine the influence of ideologies on conflict dynamics. Discuss how ideologies, such as nationalism or religious fundamentalism, can impact the escalation or resolution of conflicts.

Accepted Answer

Ideologies primarily shape conflict processes by influencing the perceptions and beliefs of individuals and groups.

Answer

Ideologies have no impact on conflict dynamics and do not influence conflict processes.

Answer

Ideologies solely contribute to the escalation of conflicts and never play a role in their resolution.

Answer

Ideologies have no influence on conflict dynamics and are merely abstract ideas that do not impact real-world events.

Question 52

Explore the relationship between conflict and social change. Explain how conflicts can both hinder and promote social transformation, providing specific examples to support your points.

Accepted Answer

Conflicts can both hinder and promote social change, depending on the context and the nature of the conflict.

Answer

Conflicts always hinder social change, as they disrupt stability and create fear and mistrust.

Answer

Conflicts always promote social change, as they challenge the status quo and create momentum for reform.

Answer

Social change is not related to conflicts, and they occur independently of each other.

Question 53

How does education contribute to conflict prevention and resolution by fostering empathy, understanding, and peaceful conflict resolution skills?

Accepted Answer

Education promotes critical thinking and challenges stereotypes, fostering empathy and understanding, which reduces conflict escalation.

Answer

Education has no role in conflict prevention or resolution, focusing solely on academic knowledge.

Answer

Education should prioritize vocational skills training as it addresses conflict root causes more effectively.

Answer

Education is only effective in post-conflict societies, not during ongoing conflicts.

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT a central concept in realist theory of conflict?

Accepted Answer

International cooperation

Answer

Power politics

Answer

Balance of power

Answer

Human nature

Question 55

According to liberal theory, what is the primary cause of conflict?

Accepted Answer

Economic disparities

Answer

Political oppression

Answer

Scarcity of resources

Answer

Ideological differences

Question 56

What is the distinction between conflict prevention and conflict resolution?

Accepted Answer

Prevention aims to avert conflict, while resolution focuses on managing ongoing conflicts

Answer

Resolution aims to avert conflict, while prevention focuses on managing ongoing conflicts

Answer

They are the same concept

Answer

Prevention is more important than resolution

Question 57

Preventive diplomacy is primarily concerned with:

Accepted Answer

Implementing proactive measures to prevent conflicts from escalating

Answer

Mediating negotiations between conflicting parties

Answer

Establishing peace and stability in post-conflict societies

Answer

Educating individuals about the causes and effects of conflicts

Question 58

A fundamental principle of the realist theory of conflict is the notion that:

Accepted Answer

States prioritize power maximization

Answer

Conflict is inherent to human nature

Answer

Negotiation and compromise can effectively resolve conflicts

Answer

Economic disparities are the root cause of all conflicts

Question 59

According to Marxist conflict theory, which factor is considered the primary driver of conflict within society?

Accepted Answer

Exploitation of one class by another

Answer

Competition for limited resources

Answer

Clashes between values and beliefs

Answer

Psychological influences

Question 60

A distinguishing feature of the liberal peace theory is its emphasis on:

Accepted Answer

The significance of democratic principles and human rights

Answer

The influence of international organizations

Answer

The use of military interventions to prevent conflicts

Answer

The rejection of power balancing mechanisms

Question 61

In the context of conflict transformation, the primary objective of conflict resolution is to:

Accepted Answer

Address and transform the underlying sources of conflict

Answer

Eliminate all forms of conflict

Answer

Reach a mutually acceptable agreement

Answer

Punish the parties responsible for initiating the conflict

Question 62

Which theory of conflict attributes conflict to the competition for limited resources?

Accepted Answer

Realist theory

Answer

Liberal theory

Answer

Marxist theory

Answer

Functionalist theory

Question 63

How effective are transitional justice mechanisms in promoting post-conflict reconciliation and preventing violence?

Accepted Answer

The effectiveness of transitional justice mechanisms varies depending on the specific context and how they are implemented.

Answer

Transitional justice mechanisms are always effective in promoting reconciliation and preventing violence.

Answer

Transitional justice mechanisms are never effective due to resistance from perpetrators.

Answer

Transitional justice mechanisms are effective in promoting reconciliation but not in preventing the recurrence of violence.

Question 64

Which strategy is effective in reducing the impact of economic inequality and resource scarcity on conflict?

Accepted Answer

Promoting economic growth and reducing poverty

Answer

Increasing military spending and strengthening security forces

Answer

Imposing sanctions and isolating conflict-affected countries

Answer

Ignoring economic factors and focusing solely on political negotiations