Peace and Conflict: A Comprehensive Guide for Beginners

Question 1

Explain the distinction between positive and negative peace.

Accepted Answer

Positive peace addresses the root causes of conflict, while negative peace only suppresses violence

Answer

Negative peace is more desirable than positive peace because it is more easily achieved

Answer

Positive and negative peace are synonymous terms

Answer

Positive peace refers to the absence of direct violence, while negative peace refers to the presence of internal conflict

Question 2

Which of the following is the most reliable indicator of the success of peace efforts?

Accepted Answer

The level of trust and cooperation between parties

Answer

The number of peace agreements signed

Answer

The economic development of a region

Answer

The absence of violence

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a commonly accepted characteristic of peace?

Accepted Answer

Conflict

Answer

Harmony

Answer

Absence of violence

Answer

Equity

Question 4

What is the primary function of a mediator in conflict resolution?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate dialogue between disputing parties

Answer

To impose a solution on the parties

Answer

To provide legal advice

Answer

To investigate the causes of the conflict

Question 5

What is the term used to describe the process of transitioning from conflict to peace?

Accepted Answer

Peacebuilding

Answer

Conflict resolution

Answer

Demobilization

Answer

Reconciliation

Question 6

In peace and conflict situations, how can ethical dilemmas be best resolved?

Accepted Answer

Engaging in dialogue, negotiation, and compromise

Answer

Relying solely on universal ethical principles

Answer

Prioritizing ethical considerations only after a peace agreement

Answer

Ensuring peacekeepers always maintain strict neutrality

Question 7

How do global power dynamics affect local peacebuilding efforts?

Accepted Answer

Global power dynamics can hinder local peace initiatives by creating divisions and imposing external agendas.

Accepted Answer

Global power dynamics can support local peace initiatives by providing resources and legitimacy.

Answer

Global power dynamics have no impact on local peace initiatives.

Answer

Global power dynamics always hinder local peace initiatives.

Question 8

Explain how the definition of 'peace' can differ depending on the context.

Accepted Answer

Peace can encompass factors like justice and well-being, depending on the context.

Answer

Peace is universally understood as the absence of conflict.

Answer

Peace is exclusively relevant to international relations.

Answer

The definition of peace remains unchanged across all contexts.

Question 9

Identify a defining characteristic of conflict.

Accepted Answer

A clash of opposing interests

Answer

Exclusively destructive outcomes

Answer

Guaranteed escalation to violence

Answer

Resolvable only through violent means

Question 10

Explain how the historical context influences our understanding of peace and conflict.

Accepted Answer

Historical analysis provides insights into recurring patterns and lessons learned.

Answer

Historical context is irrelevant to contemporary conflicts.

Answer

Historical impact is limited to ancient conflicts.

Answer

Historical context has no bearing on peace and conflict.

Question 11

Conflict that arises from fundamental differences in beliefs, values, or interests is known as:

Accepted Answer

Value conflict

Answer

Structural conflict

Answer

Relational conflict

Answer

Latent conflict

Question 12

Which perspective on peace emphasizes the importance of preventing and resolving conflicts through non-violent means?

Accepted Answer

Liberal peace

Answer

Critical peace

Answer

Realist peace

Answer

Socialist peace

Question 13

The systematic process of identifying and addressing the root causes of conflict is known as:

Accepted Answer

Conflict analysis

Answer

Peacebuilding

Answer

Conflict resolution

Answer

Peacekeeping

Question 14

The use of nonviolent methods to achieve political or social change is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Civil resistance

Answer

Armed rebellion

Answer

Terrorism

Answer

Insurgency

Question 15

The term 'conflict transformation' refers to the process of:

Accepted Answer

Resolving a conflict and working to prevent its recurrence

Answer

Enforcing a ceasefire or peace agreement

Answer

Suppressing or eliminating one side of a conflict

Answer

Imposing a solution from external actors

Question 16

A primary goal of peace education is to:

Accepted Answer

Promote empathy, understanding, and critical thinking

Answer

Train individuals in specific conflict resolution techniques

Answer

Advocate for particular peacebuilding policies

Answer

Provide historical accounts of major conflicts

Question 17

The period following a conflict during which efforts are dedicated to rebuilding and establishing a sustainable peace is known as:

Accepted Answer

Peace consolidation

Answer

Post-conflict reconstruction

Answer

Transitional justice period

Answer

Demobilization and reintegration phase

Question 18

According to Johan Galtung's 'Conflict Triangle,' which type of conflict is most deeply rooted and challenging to resolve?

Accepted Answer

Structural conflict

Answer

Attitudinal conflict

Answer

Behavioral conflict

Answer

Cultural conflict

Question 19

Positive peace, as distinct from negative peace, emphasizes which crucial element?

Accepted Answer

Cooperation and dialogue

Answer

Absence of armed conflict

Answer

Governmental control

Answer

Strong military presence

Question 20

Which perspective on conflict resolution prioritizes finding mutually acceptable solutions and addressing underlying conflict dynamics?

Accepted Answer

Transformative approach

Answer

Liberal approach

Answer

Realist approach

Answer

Marxist approach

Question 21

Which method is commonly employed in the process of peacebuilding?

Accepted Answer

Dialogue and reconciliation

Answer

Isolation and containment

Answer

Economic sanctions

Answer

Military intervention

Question 22

A fundamental challenge in the field of peace and conflict studies lies in:

Accepted Answer

Reconciling diverse perspectives and interests

Answer

Lack of comprehensive theories

Answer

Insufficient practical applications

Answer

Limited research funding

Question 23

In post-conflict societies, which factor poses a significant threat to peace and stability?

Accepted Answer

Economic inequality

Answer

Strong government leadership

Answer

Democratization

Answer

Peacekeeping missions

Question 24

Which type of conflict arises from fundamental differences in values, beliefs, or cultural identities?

Accepted Answer

Cultural conflict

Answer

Political conflict

Answer

Economic conflict

Answer

Structural conflict

Question 25

What is a key advantage of employing multiple perspectives in peace and conflict studies?

Accepted Answer

Provides a holistic understanding

Answer

Prevents biases

Answer

Simplifies analysis

Answer

Focuses on a single viewpoint