Theoretical Perspectives on Sustainability: Online Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which tenet of ecological modernization theory posits that technological innovation can reduce environmental impacts while sustaining economic growth?

Accepted Answer

Technological innovation can decouple economic growth from environmental impacts.

Answer

Economic growth is inherently unsustainable.

Answer

Social justice is essential for environmental sustainability.

Answer

Degrowth is necessary to achieve sustainability.

Question 2

According to environmental justice theory, which of the following is a primary concern?

Accepted Answer

The unequal distribution of environmental burdens among marginalized communities.

Answer

The lack of minority representation in environmental decision-making.

Answer

The inability of market-based solutions to solve environmental issues.

Answer

The need for a global approach to sustainability.

Question 3

Which theoretical perspective emphasizes the role of cultural values and beliefs in shaping ecological outcomes?

Accepted Answer

Cultural ecology

Answer

Ecological modernization

Answer

Environmental justice

Answer

Ecological Marxism

Question 4

Which theoretical perspective views sustainability as a harmonious balance between humanity and the natural world?

Accepted Answer

Deep ecology

Answer

Ecological modernization

Answer

Environmental justice

Answer

Social ecology

Question 5

Environmental justice primarily emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

The equitable distribution of environmental benefits and burdens.

Answer

The need for strict environmental regulations to control pollution.

Answer

The importance of economic incentives for promoting sustainable practices.

Answer

The role of individual lifestyle choices in reducing environmental impacts.

Question 6

Which theory posits that continuous economic growth is unsustainable and advocates for a reduction in material consumption?

Accepted Answer

Degrowth

Answer

Ecological Modernization

Answer

Environmental Justice

Answer

Sustainable Development

Question 7

A strength of ecological modernization theory lies in its:

Accepted Answer

Focus on technological innovation for environmental improvements.

Answer

Emphasis on social equity and environmental justice.

Answer

Recognition of the limits of technological solutions.

Answer

Critique of the capitalist economic system.

Question 8

A criticism of environmental justice is that it:

Accepted Answer

Can be difficult to prove environmental burdens are caused by discrimination.

Answer

Ignores the economic dimension of sustainability.

Answer

Overemphasizes the role of individual actions in addressing environmental inequalities.

Answer

Does not provide clear solutions for implementing environmental policies.

Question 9

Degrowth theory suggests that we need to:

Accepted Answer

Reduce our overall resource consumption and transition to a more sustainable economy.

Answer

Increase our overall resource consumption to meet economic demands.

Answer

Rely solely on technological advancements to solve environmental problems.

Answer

Ignore environmental concerns and focus solely on economic growth.

Question 10

Which of the following is a potential implication of ecological modernization theory for sustainability policy?

Accepted Answer

Promoting renewable energy investments and energy efficiency measures.

Answer

Imposing strict environmental regulations on industries.

Answer

Encouraging community involvement in environmental decision-making.

Answer

Reducing social inequalities and promoting environmental justice.

Question 11

What is a key principle of sustainability?

Accepted Answer

Sustainability involves balancing environmental, social, and economic needs for present and future generations.

Answer

Sustainability is a linear process driven solely by technological advancements.

Answer

Sustainability is a luxury reserved for developed nations.

Answer

Sustainability is a fixed concept that remains unchanged over time.

Question 12

In ecological modernization theory, what is considered a crucial element for achieving sustainability?

Accepted Answer

Technological advancements

Answer

Fundamental societal change

Answer

Focus on environmental justice

Answer

Economic decline

Question 13

Which academic discipline is typically NOT employed in the study of environmental justice?

Accepted Answer

Climatology

Answer

Sociology

Answer

Economics

Answer

Anthropology

Question 14

Which of the following is a tenet of the ecological modernization theory?

Accepted Answer

Technological advancement can separate economic growth from environmental degradation.

Answer

Environmental limits necessitate degrowth and a decline in consumption.

Answer

Economic inequality is the fundamental cause of ecological issues.

Question 15

The concept of 'environmental justice' emerged in the 1980s primarily due to concerns about:

Accepted Answer

Marginalized communities bearing disproportionate environmental burdens.

Answer

The need to strengthen environmental regulations for businesses.

Answer

The global dimension of environmental problems.

Question 16

Which sustainability theory emphasizes the imperative to curb economic growth and consumption?

Accepted Answer

Degrowth

Answer

Environmental Justice

Answer

Sustainable Development

Answer

Ecological Modernization

Question 17

An advantage of the ecological modernization theory is its:

Accepted Answer

Recognition of the significance of technological innovation and economic progress.

Answer

Acknowledgment of the finite nature of resources.

Answer

Emphasis on social justice and environmental equity.

Question 18

The notion of environmental justice is strongly linked to which ethical principle?

Accepted Answer

Equity

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Independence

Answer

Usefulness

Question 19

Which assumption underpins the 'planetary boundaries' framework?

Accepted Answer

Nine critical Earth system processes must be maintained within safe limits.

Answer

Environmental degradation primarily stems from poverty and inequality.

Answer

Economic growth and development are inherently unsustainable.

Question 20

How does the ecological modernization theory differ from the environmental justice perspective?

Accepted Answer

Ecological modernization focuses on economic growth and technological solutions, while environmental justice prioritizes social equity and community involvement.

Answer

Both perspectives emphasize the importance of government regulations.

Question 21

How might the theory of environmental justice influence decision-making on climate change adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring that vulnerable communities have a voice and are not disproportionately affected by climate impacts.

Answer

Providing scientific data and projections on future climate risks.