Types of Data: A Comprehensive Guide for Data Analysis PhD Students

Question 1

Which of the following are characteristics of quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

It can be represented by numbers.

Accepted Answer

It can be analyzed using statistical methods.

Answer

It is only collected through surveys and questionnaires.

Question 2

Structured data is primarily characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Being organized in a predefined format.

Answer

Consisting of observations that are independent of each other.

Answer

Having a high level of complexity.

Answer

Requiring manual manipulation to analyze.

Question 3

What is the fundamental distinction between structured and unstructured data?

Accepted Answer

Structured data is organized while unstructured data is not.

Answer

Structured data is quantitative while unstructured data is qualitative.

Answer

Structured data is typically larger in size than unstructured data.

Answer

Unstructured data is more valuable for data analysis than structured data.

Question 4

Which of the following examples best represents ordinal data?

Accepted Answer

Customer satisfaction ratings on a scale of 1 to 5.

Answer

The number of visitors to a website.

Answer

The names of employees in a company.

Answer

The temperature of a room in degrees Fahrenheit.

Question 5

Which of the following accurately describes the nature of qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

Descriptive and non-numerical

Answer

Numerical and objective

Answer

Categorical and hierarchical

Answer

Interval and continuous

Question 6

Data that can be easily structured and organized into predefined categories is known as:

Accepted Answer

Structured data

Answer

Unstructured data

Answer

Quantitative data

Answer

Nominal data

Question 7

Which level of measurement classifies data into mutually exclusive and exhaustive categories?

Accepted Answer

Nominal

Answer

Ordinal

Answer

Interval

Answer

Ratio

Question 8

Data representing the annual salaries of employees is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Quantitative data

Answer

Qualitative data

Answer

Discrete data

Answer

Continuous data

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of unstructured data?

Accepted Answer

Can be easily searched using keywords

Answer

Lacks a predefined structure

Answer

Presents challenges for traditional statistical analysis

Answer

Is often collected through open-ended questions

Question 10

Data collected through surveys with open-ended questions typically falls under which category?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative data

Answer

Quantitative data

Answer

Structured data

Answer

Ordinal data

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of interval data?

Accepted Answer

Temperature in Fahrenheit

Answer

Customer satisfaction ratings

Answer

Student grades on a pass/fail basis

Answer

Types of pets owned

Question 12

A potential advantage of using qualitative data analysis is:

Accepted Answer

Provides in-depth and contextual insights

Answer

Facilitates generalization to a broader population

Answer

Offers higher reliability than quantitative data

Answer

Requires less time and resources to analyze

Question 13

Which type of data consists of numerical values that can be subjected to mathematical operations and calculations?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative

Answer

Qualitative

Answer

Structured

Answer

Unstructured

Question 14

Data that lacks a defined structure and is difficult to organize, such as text documents and images, is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Unstructured

Answer

Structured

Answer

Quantitative

Answer

Qualitative

Question 15

When data can be ranked or ordered, this level of measurement is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Answer

Nominal

Answer

Interval

Answer

Ratio

Question 16

For qualitative data analysis, which technique is employed to uncover patterns and relationships within the data?

Accepted Answer

Content analysis

Answer

Descriptive statistics

Answer

Hypothesis testing

Answer

Regression analysis

Question 17

The measurement level that possesses a true zero point, indicating the complete absence of the measured attribute, is:

Accepted Answer

Ratio

Answer

Nominal

Answer

Ordinal

Answer

Interval

Question 18

Which type of data is characterized by non-numerical values that describe qualities or attributes?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative

Answer

Quantitative

Answer

Structured

Answer

Unstructured

Question 19

Data that enables predictions about future events or outcomes is termed:

Accepted Answer

Predictive

Answer

Descriptive

Answer

Inferential

Answer

Explanatory

Question 20

Data obtained directly from original sources, such as surveys or experiments, is categorized as:

Accepted Answer

Primary

Answer

Secondary

Answer

Historical

Answer

Cross-sectional

Question 21

Which of the following is **not** a type of quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

Names of countries

Answer

Scores on an exam

Answer

Number of students enrolled

Answer

Measurement of temperature

Question 22

Which type of data consists of information that cannot be easily **quantified** or measured numerically?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative data

Answer

Unstructured data

Answer

Structured data

Answer

Quantitative data

Question 23

Data that can be **ordered** from smallest to largest is known as:

Accepted Answer

Ordinal data

Answer

Nominal data

Answer

Interval data

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of **nominal data**?

Accepted Answer

Blood type

Answer

Temperature in degrees Celsius

Answer

Income

Answer

Age

Question 25

Data that represents **factual information** and is not influenced by personal opinions is categorized as:

Accepted Answer

Objective data

Answer

Qualitative data

Answer

Quantitative data

Answer

Subjective data

Question 26

Which type of data is collected **directly** from the source, without relying on existing sources?

Accepted Answer

Primary data

Answer

Qualitative data

Answer

Structured data

Answer

Secondary data

Question 27

Data that summarizes and **describes** the characteristics of a population is known as:

Accepted Answer

Descriptive data

Answer

Quantitative data

Answer

Qualitative data

Answer

Inferential data

Question 28

Which of the following is a key characteristic of **interval data**?

Accepted Answer

Equal intervals between values, but no absolute zero point

Answer

Absolute zero point

Answer

Categorical values

Question 29

Data that is collected from a **subset** of a population to represent the entire population is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Sample data

Answer

Primary data

Answer

Population data

Answer

Secondary data

Question 30

Which of the following is an example of **ratio data**?

Accepted Answer

Height in inches

Answer

Level of education

Answer

Gender

Answer

Marital status