Language Typology: Exploring the Diversity of Languages

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary parameter investigated in Greenberg's Universals of Language?

Accepted Answer

Gesture usage

Answer

Word order

Answer

Noun phrase structure

Answer

Phonological inventory

Question 2

The typological category that distinguishes languages based on how they indicate spatial relationships using prepositions or postpositions is known as:

Accepted Answer

Relational typology

Answer

Grammatical case

Answer

Pronominal typology

Answer

Aspect typology

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a typological parameter based on the ordering of sentence constituents?

Accepted Answer

Subject-Verb-Object

Answer

Determiner-Noun

Answer

Ergative-Absolutive

Answer

Tense-Aspect-Mood

Question 4

According to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Language influences our thoughts and perceptions

Answer

Language determines our thoughts and perceptions

Answer

Thoughts and perceptions determine language

Answer

Language is entirely independent of thought and perception

Question 5

The concept of 'implicational universals' in typology refers to:

Accepted Answer

Language features that always occur together

Answer

Language features that never occur together

Answer

Language features that are found only in some languages

Answer

Language features that are found in all languages

Question 6

A language that expresses grammatical relationships primarily through word order is known as:

Accepted Answer

Analytic

Answer

Ergative

Answer

Transitive

Answer

Intransitive

Question 7

Which of the following is a fundamental concept in the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Grammatical categories influence thought patterns

Answer

Language is entirely independent of culture

Answer

All languages have an identical underlying structure

Answer

Language evolution is solely driven by biological factors

Question 8

A language with a substantial inventory of vowel sounds, such as English, is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Vowel-rich

Answer

Rhotic

Answer

Consonant-rich

Answer

Tone-based

Question 9

Which of the following is a method used to classify languages based on their syntactic structures?

Accepted Answer

Syntactic typology

Answer

Morphological typology

Answer

Lexical typology

Answer

Phonological typology

Question 10

Which of the following is **not** a parameter used in linguistic typology?

Accepted Answer

Cultural Importance

Answer

Word Order

Answer

Morphological Complexity

Answer

Phonological Inventory

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a typological feature that has been found to be cross-linguistically variable?

Accepted Answer

Word order

Answer

Number of vowels

Answer

Consonant presence

Answer

Case marking

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of isolating languages?

Accepted Answer

Simple word structure with few affixes

Answer

Complex word structure with many affixes

Answer

Complex sentence structure with embedded clauses

Answer

Tonal distinctions in pronunciation

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a language with a polysynthetic structure?

Accepted Answer

Inuktitut

Answer

English

Answer

Spanish

Answer

Mandarin

Question 14

According to the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, what is the relationship between language and thought?

Accepted Answer

Language and thought mutually influence each other.

Answer

Language determines thought.

Answer

Thought determines language.

Answer

Language and thought are independent.

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of isolating languages?

Accepted Answer

Little to no affixation

Answer

Fixed word order

Answer

Words are typically polysyllabic

Answer

High degree of morphological complexity

Question 16

Which of the following is a defining feature of polysynthetic languages?

Accepted Answer

High degree of affixation

Answer

Use of prepositions

Answer

Simple syllable structure

Question 17

What is the name of the theory that proposes that all languages share a set of universal grammatical principles?

Accepted Answer

Universal Grammar

Answer

Cognitive Grammar

Answer

Generative Grammar

Answer

Functional Grammar

Question 18

What is the term for a language that has a limited number of phonemes?

Accepted Answer

Oligo-phonemic

Answer

Poly-phonemic

Answer

Meso-phonemic

Answer

Macro-phonemic

Question 19

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of agglutinative languages?

Accepted Answer

Clear morpheme boundaries

Answer

Non-concatenative morphology

Answer

Fusional morphology

Answer

Complex verb paradigms