Social Cognition: Understanding How We Think About Others

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive development

Answer

Social perception

Answer

Attribution

Answer

Attitudes

Question 2

The process of inferring the causes of others' behavior is known as:

Accepted Answer

Attribution

Answer

Heuristics

Answer

Perception

Answer

Attitude formation

Question 3

The tendency to view others' behavior as caused by internal factors, rather than external factors, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Answer

Self-serving bias

Answer

Actor-observer effect

Answer

Halo effect

Question 4

Which of the following is a multi-component model of attitudes?

Accepted Answer

Tripartite model

Answer

Unidimensional model

Answer

Hierarchical model

Answer

Dual-attitude model

Question 5

The belief that a particular behavior is morally right or wrong is a central component of:

Accepted Answer

Values

Answer

Norms

Answer

Attitudes

Answer

Stereotypes

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a type of self-serving bias?

Accepted Answer

Other-enhancement

Answer

Self-enhancement

Answer

Self-verification

Answer

Self-handicapping

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

Underestimating the impact of situational factors and overestimating the impact of personal factors on others' behavior

Answer

Overestimating the impact of situational factors on others' behavior

Answer

Attributing success to internal factors and failure to external factors

Answer

Forming impressions of others solely based on their physical appearance

Question 8

Which of the following is not a type of social categorization?

Accepted Answer

Self-comparison

Answer

In-group vs. out-group

Answer

Us vs. them

Answer

Male vs. female

Question 9

Which theory explains how we make judgments about others' personalities?

Accepted Answer

Implicit personality theory

Answer

Social identity theory

Answer

Self-categorization theory

Answer

None of these

Question 10

Which aspect is NOT included in social perception?

Accepted Answer

Self-concept

Answer

Person perception

Answer

Social categorization

Answer

Perception of social roles

Question 11

Social identity theory describes self-concept as being influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Both personal experiences and social group memberships

Answer

Personal experiences only

Answer

Social group memberships only

Answer

Neither personal experiences nor social group memberships

Question 12

What is cognitive dissonance related to?

Accepted Answer

Conflicting beliefs and behaviors

Answer

Consistent beliefs and behaviors

Answer

Irrelevant beliefs and behaviors

Answer

Uncertain beliefs and behaviors

Question 13

What is a potential issue with self-report measures in social cognition research?

Accepted Answer

Social desirability bias

Answer

Experimenter bias

Answer

Participant bias

Answer

Observer bias

Question 14

Priming in social cognition primarily involves:

Accepted Answer

Activating specific concepts or associations in memory

Answer

Inhibiting specific concepts or associations in memory

Answer

Enhancing the accuracy of recall

Answer

Impairing the ability to retrieve memories

Question 15

How does social cognition differ from traditional cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

Social cognition emphasizes the role of others in cognition

Answer

Traditional cognitive psychology emphasizes the role of the environment in cognition

Answer

Social cognition focuses on decision-making based on logic

Answer

Traditional cognitive psychology focuses on decision-making based on emotions

Question 16

Which outcome is NOT associated with stereotype threat theory?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced confidence

Answer

Reduced performance

Answer

Increased anxiety

Answer

Withdrawal from challenging situations

Question 17

Which of these is NOT a central element of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Motivation

Answer

Schemas

Answer

Implicit cognition

Answer

Attitudes

Question 18

Which of the following concepts is specifically excluded from the realm of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Emotional regulation

Answer

Social perception

Answer

Attribution

Answer

Attitudes

Question 19

The process of forming an impression of someone based on their observable characteristics is known as:

Accepted Answer

Person perception

Answer

Social categorization

Answer

Stereotyping

Answer

Priming

Question 20

The tendency to attribute our successes to internal factors and our failures to external factors is known as:

Accepted Answer

Self-serving bias

Answer

Actor-observer bias

Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Answer

Confirmation bias

Question 21

The process of adjusting our attitudes to align with the attitudes of others is known as:

Accepted Answer

Conformity

Answer

Attitude inoculation

Answer

Assimilation

Answer

Contrast

Question 22

In social cognition, confirmation bias refers to:

Accepted Answer

Seeking and emphasizing information that supports existing beliefs.

Answer

Attributing others' behavior to internal factors and one's own to external factors.

Answer

Forming impressions based solely on physical appearance.

Answer

Conforming to others' opinions despite disagreement.

Question 23

Which of the following concepts is NOT central to the study of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

Altruism

Answer

Social perception

Answer

Attribution

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Question 24

The process of forming an impression of someone based on their observable characteristics is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Social perception

Answer

Priming

Answer

Attribution

Answer

Stereotyping

Question 25

Which attribution theory suggests that individuals tend to attribute their own shortcomings to external factors?

Accepted Answer

Self-serving bias

Answer

Fundamental attribution error

Answer

Just-world hypothesis

Answer

Actor-observer effect

Question 26

The tendency to maintain a coherent self-image, even when presented with conflicting evidence, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Social comparison

Answer

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer

Projection

Question 27

In social identity theory, which concept is considered the cornerstone?

Accepted Answer

Self-categorization

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Social facilitation

Answer

Impression management

Question 28

How do schemas influence our perception and interpretation of others in social situations?

Accepted Answer

Schemas provide a framework for organizing and interpreting social information, shaping our perception and judgment of others.

Answer

Schemas only affect our memory and retrieval of social information, not our perception.

Answer

Schemas have no significant role in our social perception and judgments.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing social perception?

Accepted Answer

Genetics

Answer

Schemas

Answer

Expectancies

Answer

Physical appearance

Question 30

Which component of an attitude reflects an individual's emotional response to an attitude object?

Accepted Answer

Affective

Answer

Cognitive

Answer

Behavioral

Answer

Intentional

Question 31

The concept of self-fulfilling prophecies suggests that:

Accepted Answer

People's expectations can influence the behavior of others, leading to the confirmation of those expectations.

Answer

Social interactions are entirely unpredictable.

Answer

Self-perceptions are always accurate.

Question 32

According to social identity theory, individuals derive a sense of belonging and self-worth primarily from:

Accepted Answer

Their membership in social groups.

Answer

Their socioeconomic status.

Answer

Their unique personality traits.

Answer

Their physical appearance.

Question 33

The process of inferring another person's thoughts and feelings is known as:

Accepted Answer

Empathy

Answer

Intuition

Answer

Sympathy

Question 34

Which of the following is a key characteristic of stereotyping?

Accepted Answer

Applying a fixed and overgeneralized belief to an entire social group, often leading to inaccurate judgments.

Answer

Recognizing individual differences within a social group.

Answer

Seeking information to challenge existing beliefs.

Question 35

Social facilitation refers to the phenomenon of:

Accepted Answer

Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others.

Answer

Impaired performance on complex or unfamiliar tasks in the presence of others.

Answer

Increased aggression in the presence of others.

Question 36

Which of the following is a key principle of social perception?

Accepted Answer

Social context affects perception.

Answer

People are perceived in isolation.

Answer

Perceptions are not influenced by prior knowledge.

Answer

Perception is objective and unbiased.

Question 37

According to the Elaboration Likelihood Model, which route to persuasion involves low levels of cognitive effort?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral route

Answer

Central route

Answer

Automatic route

Answer

Heuristic route

Question 38

Which of the following is a misconception about stereotyping?

Accepted Answer

Stereotypes only apply to negative characteristics.

Answer

Stereotypes can change over time.

Answer

Stereotypes can be based on actual observations.

Question 39

The tendency to seek out information that supports our existing beliefs is known as:

Accepted Answer

Confirmation bias

Answer

Heuristic processing

Answer

Cognitive dissonance

Answer

Self-serving bias

Question 40

The process of aligning our behaviors with our beliefs to reduce psychological discomfort is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance reduction

Answer

Attitude change

Answer

Attribution theory

Answer

Social learning