Modern Theology: Explore Key Developments from Enlightenment to Present

Question 1

Who is widely regarded as the pioneer of neo-orthodoxy?

Accepted Answer

Karl Barth

Answer

Friedrich Schleiermacher

Answer

Rudolf Bultmann

Answer

Dietrich Bonhoeffer

Question 2

Which feature does NOT characterize postmodern theology?

Accepted Answer

Adherence to traditional religious practices

Answer

Rejection of sweeping narratives

Answer

Embrace of diversity and plurality

Answer

Focus on power dynamics in religious beliefs

Question 3

How did the concept of 'the death of God' influence 20th-century theology?

Accepted Answer

Challenge to traditional notions of divine power and transcendence

Answer

Widespread abandonment of religious belief

Answer

No significant impact on theological discourse

Answer

Return to orthodox Christian beliefs

Question 4

Which characteristic is distinctive to liberation theology?

Accepted Answer

Liberating the oppressed from social and economic injustice

Answer

Emphasis on spirituality and mysticism

Answer

Adherence to traditional Catholic doctrine

Answer

Rejection of salvation

Question 5

How did Friedrich Schleiermacher's ideas shape Protestant theology?

Accepted Answer

Schleiermacher stressed the importance of personal experience and emotions in religious belief.

Answer

Schleiermacher rejected the idea of the Trinity.

Answer

Schleiermacher denied the historical existence of Jesus.

Answer

Schleiermacher strongly advocated for the separation of church and state.

Question 6

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of Liberal Theology?

Accepted Answer

Emphasizes reason and experience as sources of religious knowledge

Answer

Rejects traditional Christian doctrines

Answer

Focuses primarily on social justice issues

Answer

Embraces complete subjectivity and relativism

Question 7

Which of the following had a major influence on the development of Liberal Theology?

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment

Answer

The Reformation

Answer

Romanticism

Answer

Marxism

Question 8

Neo-Orthodox theologians emphasize the:

Accepted Answer

Sovereignty of God

Answer

Autonomy of human reason

Answer

Importance of social transformation

Answer

Experiential nature of faith

Question 9

Within the theological landscape, who is recognized as the pioneer of modern liberalism?

Accepted Answer

Friedrich Schleiermacher

Answer

John Locke

Answer

Karl Barth

Answer

Rudolf Bultmann

Question 10

Which of the following tenets is central to the philosophical underpinnings of neo-orthodoxy?

Accepted Answer

The divine realm transcends human comprehension through rational inquiry

Answer

The Bible alone holds the absolute truth of religious doctrine

Answer

Theology is primarily grounded in the subjective experiences of individuals

Answer

Faith and reason are inherently compatible and complementary

Question 11

The hermeneutical approach in postmodern theology is distinctive in which way?

Accepted Answer

It acknowledges the reader's role in shaping the interpretation of texts

Answer

It attempts to reveal verborgen meanings within religious texts

Answer

It prioritizes the historical context in which religious texts were created

Answer

It emphasizes the literal interpretation of religious texts

Question 12

Which theological movement emerged as a response to the social and economic changes of the 19th century?

Accepted Answer

The Social Gospel

Answer

Liberation Theology

Answer

Process Theology

Answer

Feminist Theology

Question 13

During the Enlightenment era, which theological movement stressed the significance of personal religious experiences and intuition over rational theology?

Accepted Answer

Pietism

Answer

Liberalism

Answer

Neo-Orthodoxy

Answer

Postmodernism

Question 14

How did historical criticism change the way scholars understood the Bible?

Accepted Answer

It provided a deeper understanding of the Bible's origins and development.

Answer

It weakened the Bible's authority.

Answer

It emphasized the importance of faith in interpreting the Bible.

Answer

It had little effect on how the Bible was studied.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a tenet of liberal theology?

Accepted Answer

Reliance on tradition

Answer

Belief in the possibility of progress

Answer

Optimism about human nature

Answer

Importance of human reason

Question 16

The theologian widely recognized as the pioneer of neo-orthodoxy is:

Accepted Answer

Karl Barth

Answer

Paul Tillich

Answer

Friedrich Schleiermacher

Question 17

The Enlightenment's impact on theology primarily involved:

Accepted Answer

A shift toward a more rational and scientific approach to religion.

Answer

Minimal influence on theological thought.

Answer

A decline in religious belief and practices.

Question 18

Which theologian argued that the Bible's value is not primarily historical or scientific, but theological?

Accepted Answer

Rudolf Bultmann

Answer

Paul Tillich

Answer

Karl Barth

Answer

Friedrich Schleiermacher

Question 19

Process theology distinguishes itself from traditional views of God by emphasizing:

Accepted Answer

God's dynamic and evolving nature, rather than a fixed and unchanging one.

Answer

The nonexistence of God.

Answer

God's absolute and unquestionable sovereignty.

Question 20

Feminist theology has significantly contributed to the field of theology by:

Accepted Answer

Challenging traditional gender-biased interpretations of religious texts and traditions.

Answer

Establishing the exclusive understanding of God as female.

Answer

Ensuring the ordination of women in all major Christian denominations.

Question 21

A defining characteristic of postmodern theology is its emphasis on:

Accepted Answer

Deconstruction and critical analysis.

Answer

Revival of traditional theological doctrines.

Answer

Apologetics and evangelism.

Question 22

Technology's impact on theological education in the modern era has been primarily:

Accepted Answer

Expanding access to diverse learning resources and materials.

Answer

Diminishing the quality of theological education.

Answer

Eliminating the need for face-to-face interactions.