Bioethics in Healthcare: Online Learning Quizzes for Master of Divinity Students

Question 1

Which key ethical principle is central to decision-making in end-of-life care within the United Kingdom?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Paternalism

Question 2

Within the United Kingdom, what organization is primarily responsible for regulating in vitro fertilization?

Accepted Answer

Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority

Answer

Stem Cell Regulatory Authority

Answer

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

Answer

General Medical Council

Question 3

According to the doctrine of informed consent, healthcare professionals must provide patients with:

Accepted Answer

A comprehensive overview of the potential benefits and risks of a medical procedure

Answer

An assurance of a positive outcome

Answer

Their personal recommendations for treatment

Answer

A waiver releasing the healthcare provider from any potential liability

Question 4

Proponents of physician-assisted suicide often cite which ethical argument in support of their position?

Accepted Answer

Respect for patient autonomy and their right to end their suffering

Answer

Potential cost savings in healthcare

Answer

Promotion of social harmony

Answer

Prevention of discrimination against terminally ill individuals

Question 5

The ethical principle of non-maleficence can be best summarized as:

Accepted Answer

Do no harm

Answer

Do good

Answer

Respect patient autonomy

Answer

Promote justice

Question 6

Which principle is not considered a fundamental principle of bioethics?

Accepted Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT among the widely recognized principles in bioethics?

Accepted Answer

Paternalism

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 8

In the medical context, the concept of 'informed consent' primarily emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

The patient's inherent right to make decisions concerning their own body

Answer

The obligation of healthcare professionals to convey all pertinent medical information

Answer

The legal ramifications of medical choices

Answer

The significance of collaborative decision-making

Question 9

Which ethical theory propounds that an action's morality is determined by its overall consequences?

Accepted Answer

Consequentialism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Kantianism

Question 10

In the context of end-of-life care, the ethical principle of 'double effect' commonly refers to:

Accepted Answer

Intentionally performing an act with both positive and negative outcomes, aiming for the former while anticipating the latter

Answer

Permitting a patient's dignified death even if it may hasten their passing

Answer

Withdrawing life-sustaining treatment when it ceases to provide medical benefit

Answer

Administering palliative care to alleviate a patient's suffering

Question 11

The principle of 'non-maleficence' in genetic engineering primarily emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

Avoiding harm to individuals and future generations

Answer

Ensuring equitable access to genetic technologies

Answer

Respecting the autonomy of individuals in making decisions about their genetic makeup

Answer

Promoting the responsible development and utilization of genetic technologies

Question 12

In the context of bioethics, the term 'moral distress' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The emotional distress experienced by healthcare professionals due to conflicts between their ethical beliefs and actions

Answer

The distress experienced by patients faced with difficult ethical decisions

Answer

The ethical dilemmas encountered by researchers in biomedical science

Answer

The ethical challenges posed by the integration of artificial intelligence in healthcare

Question 13

Which fundamental ethical principle in healthcare ethics emphasizes respecting patient's values and choices?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Fidelity

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a potential ethical concern in end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Palliative care

Answer

Physician-assisted suicide

Answer

Withdrawal of treatment

Answer

Euthanasia

Question 15

Which ethical principle emphasizes that patients have the fundamental right to make informed choices about their healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Justice

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 16

A key aspect of Advance Directives is:

Accepted Answer

Ensuring respect for patient autonomy in healthcare decision-making

Answer

Restricting treatment options

Answer

Providing financial benefits to patients

Answer

Guaranteeing specific medical outcomes

Question 17

Which reproductive technology involves the use of a surrogate to carry and deliver a child?

Accepted Answer

Surrogacy

Answer

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis

Answer

Intrauterine insemination

Answer

In vitro fertilization

Question 18

What are central ethical concerns associated with genetic engineering?

Accepted Answer

Potential risks to future generations, eugenics, and equitable access

Answer

Technical complexity

Answer

Limited potential benefits

Answer

Religious objections

Question 19

Which ethical theory prioritizes the overall well-being and happiness of the greatest number of people?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Natural law

Answer

Kantianism

Question 20

The right of a patient to decline medical treatment, even if it is in their best interests, is based on:

Accepted Answer

Self-determination

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 21

Which term refers to the intentional termination of life to alleviate severe suffering?

Accepted Answer

Euthanasia

Answer

Palliative care

Answer

Assisted suicide

Answer

Terminal sedation

Question 22

Which ethical principle emphasizes fair and equitable treatment of all individuals in healthcare settings?

Accepted Answer

Justice

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Question 23

What is a primary ethical concern related to the use of artificial intelligence in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Potential for biased and discriminatory decision-making

Answer

Limited access to technology

Answer

Increased workload for healthcare professionals

Answer

Job displacement