Thoracic Blood Supply and Innervation: Multiple Choice Quizzes

Question 1

Which artery supplies blood to the pectoral muscles and anterior thoracic wall?

Accepted Answer

Internal thoracic artery

Answer

Subclavian artery

Answer

Axillary artery

Answer

Brachial artery

Question 2

Which vein is responsible for draining deoxygenated blood from the posterior thoracic wall?

Accepted Answer

Azygos vein

Answer

Superior vena cava

Answer

Inferior vena cava

Answer

Internal jugular vein

Question 3

Identify the nerve that supplies motor innervation to the diaphragm.

Accepted Answer

Phrenic nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Brachial plexus

Answer

Cervical plexus

Question 4

Which anatomical structure separates the left and right pleural cavities?

Accepted Answer

Mediastinum

Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Pericardium

Answer

Pleura

Question 5

Which artery supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle?

Accepted Answer

Coronary artery

Answer

Pulmonary artery

Answer

Aorta

Answer

Subclavian artery

Question 6

Which vein collects oxygenated blood from the lungs and returns it to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary vein

Answer

Superior vena cava

Answer

Inferior vena cava

Answer

Azygos vein

Question 7

Which nerve supplies sensory and motor innervation to the intercostal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Intercostal nerve

Answer

Phrenic nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Sympathetic chain

Question 8

Which structure primarily separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Mediastinum

Answer

Pericardium

Answer

Pleura

Question 9

Which artery originates from the aortic arch and carries blood to the head and upper limbs?

Accepted Answer

Brachiocephalic trunk

Answer

Subclavian artery

Answer

Carotid artery

Answer

Axillary artery

Question 10

Which vein returns deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium of the heart?

Accepted Answer

Inferior vena cava

Answer

Superior vena cava

Answer

Aorta

Answer

Pulmonary vein

Question 11

Which of the following arteries is the primary blood supply to the thoracic wall?

Accepted Answer

Internal thoracic artery

Answer

Subclavian artery

Answer

Descending aorta

Answer

Axillary artery

Question 12

The azygos vein empties into which major vein?

Accepted Answer

Superior vena cava

Answer

Inferior vena cava

Answer

Internal jugular vein

Answer

Aortic arch

Question 13

Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?

Accepted Answer

Phrenic nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Spinal accessory nerve

Answer

Median nerve

Question 14

The intercostal arteries originate from which major artery?

Accepted Answer

Aorta

Answer

Internal thoracic artery

Answer

Subclavian artery

Answer

Intercostal vein

Question 15

Which of the following is located outside the mediastinum?

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Heart

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Lungs

Question 16

Drainage from which structures is ultimately received by the azygos vein?

Accepted Answer

Vertebral column

Answer

Superior vena cava

Answer

Inferior vena cava

Answer

Internal jugular vein

Question 17

Which of the following functions is performed by the phrenic nerve?

Accepted Answer

Motor innervation of the diaphragm

Answer

Sensory innervation of the pleura

Answer

Innervation of the intercostal muscles

Answer

Sympathetic innervation of the heart

Question 18

How does the branching pattern of the pulmonary artery differ between the right and left lungs?

Accepted Answer

The left lung has two branches from the pulmonary artery, while the right lung has one.

Answer

The right lung receives blood only from the pulmonary artery.

Answer

The right lung receives more blood flow from the pulmonary artery.

Answer

The pulmonary arteries from both lungs drain into the left atrium.

Question 19

Which branch of the aorta provides blood to the esophagus and mediastinal structures?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic aorta

Answer

Left subclavian artery

Answer

Right subclavian artery

Answer

Abdominal aorta

Question 20

Which artery provides blood to the posterior intercostal arteries?

Accepted Answer

Descending thoracic aorta

Answer

Subclavian artery

Answer

Internal thoracic artery

Answer

Axillary artery

Question 21

Identify the main branch of the aorta that supplies the head and upper extremities.

Accepted Answer

Brachiocephalic trunk

Answer

Left common carotid artery

Answer

Right subclavian artery

Answer

Descending aorta

Question 22

Which vein is responsible for draining blood from the anterior chest wall?

Accepted Answer

Internal thoracic vein

Answer

Superior vena cava

Answer

Inferior vena cava

Answer

Azygous vein

Question 23

Identify the primary nerve that supplies sensation to the skin covering the anterolateral chest wall.

Accepted Answer

Intercostal nerves

Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Phrenic nerve

Answer

Long thoracic nerve

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a branch of the brachial plexus?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Answer

Median nerve

Answer

Ulnar nerve

Answer

Radial nerve

Question 25

Which artery originates from the aortic arch and supplies the lungs with blood?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary trunk

Answer

Brachiocephalic trunk

Answer

Left common carotid artery

Answer

Right subclavian artery

Question 26

Identify the large vein that carries blood from the head, neck, and upper limbs back to the heart.

Accepted Answer

Superior vena cava

Answer

Inferior vena cava

Answer

Portal vein

Answer

Azygous vein

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT a layer of the pericardium?

Accepted Answer

Epicardial layer

Answer

Parietal layer

Answer

Visceral layer

Answer

Fibrous layer

Question 28

What is the primary function of the coronary arteries?

Accepted Answer

Supply blood to the heart muscle

Answer

Drain blood from the heart muscle

Answer

Carry oxygenated blood to the lungs

Answer

Transport hormones to the body