Overview of Metabolism: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Medical Students

Question 1

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of catabolism?

Accepted Answer

Releases energy

Answer

Synthesizes complex molecules

Answer

Requires energy input

Answer

Occurs in the mitochondria

Question 2

What is the primary function of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Energy currency and energy shuttle

Answer

Electron carrier

Answer

Coenzyme in metabolic reactions

Answer

Storage molecule for genetic information

Question 3

Which of the following processes involves the synthesis of complex molecules?

Accepted Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Citric acid cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Question 4

In which cellular compartment does the citric acid cycle occur?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

What is the primary function of the electron transport chain in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Generate ATP

Answer

Produce high-energy electrons

Answer

Regulate cellular respiration

Answer

Synthesize NADH and FADH2

Question 6

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Question 7

What is the net yield of ATP molecules generated per glucose molecule during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

2

Answer

6

Answer

8

Question 8

In which compartment of the cell does the citric acid cycle occur?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrial matrix

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Mitochondrial intermembrane space

Answer

Nucleus

Question 9

What is the major source of reducing equivalents for the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

NADH and FADH2

Answer

ATP

Answer

Glycerol

Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 10

Which of the following metabolic reactions involve the transfer of electrons?

Accepted Answer

Redox reactions

Answer

Catabolic reactions only

Answer

Anabolic reactions only

Answer

Endothermic reactions

Question 11

What is the primary role of ATP in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Energy currency for biochemical reactions

Answer

Enzyme cofactor for specific enzymatic reactions

Answer

Hormonal regulator of metabolic pathways

Answer

Genetic material for cellular processes

Question 12

Which of the following molecules are common substrates for catabolic pathways?

Accepted Answer

Glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids

Answer

Hormones, vitamins, and minerals

Answer

Nucleotides, coenzymes, and enzymes

Answer

Oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide

Question 13

What is the ultimate electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Nitrogen

Question 14

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the first step of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Hexokinase

Answer

Phosphofructokinase-1

Answer

Pyruvate kinase

Answer

Lactate dehydrogenase

Question 15

What is the net yield of ATP molecules during the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose via glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

38

Answer

2

Answer

36

Answer

40

Question 16

Which of the following enzymes is a key regulatory point in carbohydrate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase-1

Answer

Glucokinase

Answer

Hexokinase

Answer

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 17

Which of the following amino acids is considered essential for humans?

Accepted Answer

Leucine

Answer

Alanine

Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Asparagine

Question 18

What is the primary metabolic fate of excess acetyl-CoA in lipogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acid synthesis

Answer

Cholesterol synthesis

Answer

Ketone body formation

Answer

Amino acid synthesis

Question 19

Which of the following metabolic processes involves the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones?

Accepted Answer

Catabolism

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Anabolism

Answer

Metabolism

Question 20

Which of the following processes is responsible for the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Proteolysis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Question 21

The first step in the glycolysis pathway is:

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylation of glucose

Answer

Formation of acetyl-CoA

Answer

Splitting of glucose into pyruvate

Answer

Oxidation of glucose

Question 22

The enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is:

Accepted Answer

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Answer

Succinate dehydrogenase

Answer

Citrate synthase

Answer

Cytochrome oxidase

Question 23

Which of the following compounds is a ketone body?

Accepted Answer

Acetoacetate

Answer

Succinate

Answer

Malate

Answer

Pyruvate

Question 24

The pentose phosphate pathway primarily functions to produce:

Accepted Answer

NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate

Answer

Amino acids

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

ATP

Question 25

The metabolic state in which the body primarily utilizes fats for energy is known as:

Accepted Answer

Ketosis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis