Digestion and Absorption: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Histology Students

Question 1

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for initiating protein digestion in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Trypsin

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Amylase

Question 2

Which hormone stimulates the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 3

Which nutrient is primarily absorbed in the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Amino acids

Answer

Fatty acids

Question 4

Which of the following describes the gut microbiome?

Accepted Answer

A community of microorganisms in the digestive tract

Answer

Exclusively responsible for vitamin K synthesis

Answer

Uninvolved in immune system development

Answer

Solely composed of harmful bacteria

Question 5

What is the primary function of the gall bladder?

Accepted Answer

Storing and concentrating bile

Answer

Producing bile

Answer

Secreting bicarbonate into the duodenum

Answer

Absorbing nutrients

Question 6

Which of the following hormones directly regulates digestion?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin: stimulates gastric acid secretion, aiding protein digestion.

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin: triggers gallbladder contraction, releasing bile for fat breakdown.

Accepted Answer

Glucagon: slows gastric emptying, allowing for better nutrient absorption.

Answer

Insulin: primarily regulates blood sugar, not directly involved in digestion.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a common consequence of age-related changes in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Reduced bone density

Answer

Impaired nutrient absorption

Answer

Increased risk of gastrointestinal infections

Answer

Delayed gastric emptying

Question 8

Which of the following describes the microscopic structure of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Simple columnar epithelium with villi and goblet cells

Answer

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with microvilli

Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium with villi

Answer

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 9

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for the initial breakdown of carbohydrates in the saliva?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Trypsin

Question 10

Which hormone stimulates the gastric glands to secrete gastric juices?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Insulin

Question 11

Which of the following small intestinal structures are responsible for nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Villi

Answer

Crypts of Lieberkühn

Answer

Muscularis externa

Answer

Submucosa

Question 12

Which transport mechanism is primarily used for the absorption of glucose and other small carbohydrates in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Passive transport

Answer

Endocytosis

Question 13

Which of the following conditions is characterized by impaired nutrient absorption due to damage to the villi in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Celiac disease

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome

Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Question 14

Which part of the digestive system is responsible for the primary absorption of water and electrolytes from digested food?

Accepted Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Liver

Question 15

Which hormone is primarily involved in regulating appetite and energy balance?

Accepted Answer

Leptin

Answer

Ghrelin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 16

What is the main function of the liver in digestion and absorption?

Accepted Answer

Production of bile

Answer

Detoxification of waste products

Answer

Storage of glucose

Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Question 17

Which of the following enzymes initiates the breakdown of lipids in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Lingual lipase

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Lactase

Question 18

Which hormone triggers the release of enzymes from the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 19

Which structural component of the small intestine is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

Accepted Answer

Villi

Answer

Crypts of Lieberkühn

Answer

Brünner's glands

Answer

Peyer's patches

Question 20

Which nutrient group requires the presence of bile salts for effective absorption?

Accepted Answer

Lipids (fats)

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Vitamins

Question 21

Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for water absorption and electrolyte balance?

Accepted Answer

Large intestine (colon)

Answer

Small intestine (jejunum)

Answer

Duodenum

Answer

Stomach

Question 22

Which mechanism is essential for the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K)?

Accepted Answer

Micelle formation

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Answer

Sodium-glucose cotransporter

Answer

Proteolytic enzyme hydrolysis

Question 23

Which of the following conditions can negatively impact nutrient absorption in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Influenza

Answer

Migraine

Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 24

Which cells in the stomach are responsible for secreting hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

Accepted Answer

Parietal cells

Answer

Enterocytes

Answer

Mucous neck cells

Answer

Chief cells

Question 25

Which type of digestion primarily occurs in the mouth as food is chewed?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical digestion

Answer

Enzymatic digestion

Answer

Acidic digestion

Answer

Bacterial digestion