Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System: Learn Online with Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following neurotransmitters is released by sympathetic preganglionic neurons?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Question 2

What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Rest and digest response

Answer

Fight or flight response

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a type of receptor found in the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Dopaminergic

Answer

Alpha-adrenergic

Answer

Beta-adrenergic

Question 4

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for increasing heart rate and blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic

Answer

Parasympathetic

Answer

Both sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Increasing salivation

Answer

Preparing the body for a fight or flight response

Answer

Dilating pupils

Question 6

What is the primary neurotransmitter used by preganglionic neurons in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 7

In the management of autonomic disorders, which approach is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and providing relief from symptoms.

Answer

Immediate medical intervention is always necessary due to the life-threatening nature of these disorders.

Answer

Diagnosis can be made solely based on a physical exam and the patient's medical history.

Answer

Regular monitoring and follow-up are not essential for patients with autonomic disorders.

Question 8

Which of the following is the main effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on the heart?

Accepted Answer

Decreases heart rate

Answer

Increases heart rate

Answer

Increases blood pressure

Answer

Increases cardiac contractility

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a type of adrenergic receptor?

Accepted Answer

Dopaminergic

Answer

Alpha-1

Answer

Beta-2

Answer

Alpha-2

Question 10

Which of the following neurotransmitters is released at the postganglionic synapses of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 11

The sympathetic nervous system is primarily activated in response to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Fight or flight

Answer

Rest and digestion

Answer

Sleep

Answer

Exercise

Question 12

Which drug blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors?

Accepted Answer

Atropine

Answer

Isoprenaline

Answer

Propranolol

Answer

Salbutamol

Question 13

What is the primary function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Maintain a constant and balanced internal environment

Answer

Control voluntary muscle movements

Answer

Receive and transmit sensory information

Question 14

Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT released by the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 15

Which of the following is a physiological function regulated by the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure regulation

Answer

Skeletal muscle contraction

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Mitochondrial respiration

Question 16

Which of the following is a site of action for drugs that block parasympathetic activity?

Accepted Answer

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors

Answer

alpha-adrenergic receptors

Answer

beta-adrenergic receptors

Answer

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

Question 17

Which of the following hormones is released in response to sympathetic nervous system activation?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Insulin

Question 18

Which of the following techniques can be used to assess autonomic nervous system function?

Accepted Answer

Heart rate variability analysis

Answer

Electromyography

Answer

Transcranial magnetic stimulation

Answer

Electroencephalography

Question 19

Which of the following is a characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system, NOT the sympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Promotes digestion and salivation

Answer

Increases heart rate

Answer

Stimulates the release of adrenaline

Answer

Dilates pupils

Question 20

The neurotransmitter released at the preganglionic synapse of BOTH the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems is:

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Question 21

Which receptor type is primarily activated by norepinephrine released from postganglionic sympathetic neurons?

Accepted Answer

Adrenergic receptors

Answer

GABA receptors

Answer

Nicotinic receptors

Answer

Muscarinic receptors

Question 22

A patient presents with dry mouth, blurred vision, and difficulty urinating. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is likely overactive?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic

Answer

Parasympathetic

Answer

Somatic

Answer

Enteric

Question 23

The 'fight-or-flight' response is primarily controlled by which division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic

Answer

Parasympathetic

Answer

Enteric

Answer

Somatic

Question 24

The autonomic nervous system regulates all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Voluntary muscle movement

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Breathing

Answer

Digestion

Question 25

What is the primary function of the enteric nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Control of gastrointestinal motility and secretion

Answer

Regulation of heart rate and blood pressure

Answer

Control of voluntary muscle movement

Answer

Regulation of sensory perception

Question 26

Which of the following is a key difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems in terms of their preganglionic axons?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic preganglionic axons are typically shorter than parasympathetic preganglionic axons.

Answer

Sympathetic preganglionic axons release norepinephrine, while parasympathetic preganglionic axons release acetylcholine.

Answer

Sympathetic preganglionic axons are myelinated, while parasympathetic preganglionic axons are not.

Question 27

A patient is experiencing a rapid heart rate, sweating, and dilated pupils. Which of the following drug categories is most likely responsible for these effects?

Accepted Answer

Sympathomimetic drugs

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Cholinesterase inhibitors

Answer

Parasympathomimetic drugs