Laxatives and Antidiarrheal Drugs Pharmacology Quizzes

Question 1

Which laxative stimulates colonic peristalsis and is commonly used to treat constipation?

Accepted Answer

Senna

Answer

Lactulose

Answer

Polyethylene glycol

Answer

Loperamide

Question 2

Which antidiarrheal drug class is primarily used for the treatment of traveler's diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

Opiates

Answer

Bulk-forming agents

Answer

Osmotic laxatives

Answer

Probiotics

Question 3

What is the mechanism of action of loperamide?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits intestinal motility

Answer

Increases water absorption in the colon

Answer

Stimulates colonic peristalsis

Answer

Alters intestinal pH

Question 4

Which of the following is a contraindication for stimulant laxative use?

Accepted Answer

Appendicitis

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Pregnancy

Answer

Diarrhea

Question 5

What is the primary therapeutic indication for lactulose?

Accepted Answer

Hepatic encephalopathy

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Diarrhea

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a classification of laxatives?

Accepted Answer

Anticholinergic

Answer

Stimulant

Answer

Bulk-forming

Answer

Osmotic

Question 7

What is a potential complication associated with the use of polyethylene glycol?

Accepted Answer

Electrolyte depletion

Answer

Intestinal obstruction

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Hepatotoxicity

Question 8

What is the main effect of bulk-forming laxatives?

Accepted Answer

Increase stool water content

Answer

Stimulate colonic motility

Answer

Alter intestinal pH

Answer

Inhibit electrolyte absorption

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of osmotic laxatives compared to stimulant laxatives?

Accepted Answer

Faster onset of action

Answer

Less likely to cause electrolyte imbalances

Answer

Less likely to cause abdominal pain

Answer

Less likely to develop tolerance

Question 10

Which of the following is a contraindication to the use of magnesium-containing laxatives?

Accepted Answer

Renal impairment

Answer

Cardiac arrhythmias

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Gastrointestinal obstruction

Question 11

Which of the following laxatives is frequently used for the treatment of fecal impaction?

Accepted Answer

Sodium phosphate

Answer

Polyethylene glycol

Answer

Bisacodyl

Answer

Senna

Question 12

Which mechanism of action is associated with osmotic laxatives?

Accepted Answer

Increase water content in the stool

Answer

Stimulate intestinal muscle contraction

Answer

Soften the stool

Answer

Inhibit absorption of water and electrolytes

Question 13

Indicate the primary therapeutic application of stimulant laxatives.

Accepted Answer

Treat constipation

Answer

Prepare bowels for surgery

Answer

Alleviate hemorrhoids

Answer

Manage diarrhea

Question 14

Identify a common adverse effect associated with the stimulant laxative bisacodyl.

Accepted Answer

Cramping

Answer

Electrolyte imbalance

Answer

Flatulence

Answer

Liver damage

Question 15

State a condition that contraindicates the use of loperamide.

Accepted Answer

Dysentery

Answer

Ulcerative colitis

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 16

Identify an example of a non-absorbable osmotic laxative.

Accepted Answer

Polyethylene glycol

Answer

Lactulose

Answer

Docusate sodium

Answer

Bisacodyl

Question 17

Besides antidiarrheal medications, which non-drug approach is effective in managing diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

Oral rehydration therapy

Answer

Intravenous fluid administration

Answer

Antibiotic therapy

Answer

Frequent use of enemas

Question 18

Which of the following laxatives is primarily used to increase the retention of water in the stool, resulting in a bulkier and softer stool?

Accepted Answer

Bulk-forming laxatives

Answer

Stimulant laxatives

Answer

Osmotic laxatives

Answer

Emollient laxatives

Question 19

Which antidiarrheal medication belongs to the opioid class, exhibiting agonist activity?

Accepted Answer

Loperamide

Answer

Bismuth subsalicylate

Answer

Alosetron

Answer

Octreotide

Question 20

Which type of laxative is most suitable for the long-term management of chronic constipation?

Accepted Answer

Bulk-forming laxatives

Answer

Stimulant laxatives

Answer

Emollient laxatives

Answer

Osmotic laxatives

Question 21

Which of the following conditions is an appropriate therapeutic indication for the administration of octreotide?

Accepted Answer

Carcinoid syndrome, a condition characterized by excessive hormone production leading to gastrointestinal symptoms

Answer

Acute pancreatitis

Answer

Chronic constipation

Answer

Traveler's diarrhea

Question 22

Which of the following patient profiles poses a contraindication to the use of stimulant laxatives?

Accepted Answer

A patient with a recent history of abdominal surgery, where bowel integrity and motility may be compromised

Answer

A patient with mild hemorrhoids

Answer

A patient with chronic constipation

Answer

A patient with impacted stool