Antidiabetic Drugs Pharmacology: Master the Basics with Engaging Quizzes

Question 1

Which class of antidiabetic drugs acts by stimulating the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)?

Accepted Answer

GLP-1 agonists

Answer

Insulin sensitizers

Answer

Insulin secretagogues

Answer

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Question 2

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a newer class of antidiabetic drugs. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect associated with their use?

Accepted Answer

Urinary tract infections

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Answer

Weight gain

Question 3

Sulfonylureas are commonly used oral hypoglycemic agents. Which of the following is a contraindication for their use?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes

Answer

Hepatic impairment

Answer

Renal impairment

Answer

Pregnancy

Question 4

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a class of antidiabetic drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes. What is their primary mechanism of action?

Accepted Answer

Inhibit the degradation of incretin hormones, enhancing their glucose-lowering effects

Answer

Inhibit the secretion of glucagon, reducing hepatic glucose production

Answer

Increase insulin sensitivity, improving glucose uptake by peripheral tissues

Answer

Reduce hepatic glucose production, decreasing glucose output

Question 5

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of thiazolidinediones?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain and edema

Answer

Cardiovascular events

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Gastrointestinal upset

Question 6

Which of the following adverse effects is commonly seen with metformin?

Accepted Answer

Lactic acidosis

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Cardiovascular events

Question 7

What is the primary mechanism of action of sulfonylureas?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates insulin secretion

Answer

Inhibits insulin release

Answer

Enhances glucose uptake by cells

Answer

Inhibits glucagon secretion

Question 8

According to current treatment guidelines, which antidiabetic drug is recommended as the first-line choice for patients with type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Sulfonylurea

Answer

GLP-1 agonist

Question 9

Which of the following monitoring parameters is crucial in patients receiving insulin therapy?

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose levels

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Liver function tests

Answer

Electrolytes

Question 10

What is the primary reason for using a combination of antidiabetic drugs in diabetes management?

Accepted Answer

To achieve better glycemic control

Answer

To reduce adverse effects

Answer

To prevent drug resistance

Answer

To improve patient compliance

Question 11

What is the primary mechanism of action of GLP-1 agonists in treating diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Binding to GLP-1 receptors on beta cells to promote insulin secretion

Answer

Stimulating alpha cells in the pancreas to release glucagon

Answer

Blocking glucose absorption in the small intestine

Answer

Enhancing glucose uptake in muscles and fat tissue

Question 12

Which class of oral hypoglycemic agents primarily promotes insulin secretion?

Accepted Answer

Sulfonylureas

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Thiazolidinediones

Answer

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors

Question 13

What is the most common adverse effect associated with metformin?

Accepted Answer

Gastrointestinal disturbances

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Lactic acidosis

Answer

Weight gain

Question 14

What is the therapeutic target of acarbose?

Accepted Answer

Alpha-glucosidase enzymes

Answer

Insulin receptors

Answer

Glucagon receptors

Answer

Sodium-glucose co-transporters

Question 15

What is the primary mechanism of action of empagliflozin?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of sodium-glucose co-transporters in the kidney

Answer

Stimulation of insulin secretion

Answer

Sensitization of insulin receptors

Answer

Inhibition of glucagon secretion

Question 16

Which of the following is the primary classification of antidiabetic drugs that directly lowers blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Antihyperglycemic drugs

Answer

Anticoagulant drugs

Answer

Antiarrhythmic drugs

Answer

Antihypertensive drugs

Question 17

What is the primary mechanism of action of insulin?

Accepted Answer

Facilitates glucose uptake into skeletal muscle and adipose tissue

Answer

Enhances insulin sensitivity

Answer

Stimulates gluconeogenesis

Answer

Inhibits glucagon secretion

Question 18

Which oral hypoglycemic agent belongs to the thiazolidinedione class and improves insulin sensitivity?

Accepted Answer

Pioglitazone

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Sulfonylurea

Answer

Glipizide

Question 19

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect associated with GLP-1 agonists?

Accepted Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Hypertension

Question 20

Which of the following is a contraindication for using sulfonylureas in the treatment of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 Diabetes

Answer

Type 2 Diabetes

Answer

Gestational Diabetes

Question 21

Which antidiabetic drug is the preferred choice for managing blood glucose levels in women with gestational diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Metformin

Answer

Glibenclamide

Question 22

What is the primary therapeutic use of pramlintide?

Accepted Answer

Adjunct to insulin therapy in the management of type 1 diabetes

Answer

Treatment of type 2 diabetes

Answer

Prevention of diabetic complications

Answer

Management of gestational diabetes

Question 23

Which of the following is an emerging class of antidiabetic drugs that targets the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) in the kidney?

Accepted Answer

SGLT2 inhibitors

Answer

Meglitinides

Answer

Sulfonylureas

Answer

Biguanides