Blood Pressure and Hypertension: Online Learning Quizzes for MBBS Students

Question 1

Which of the following is the primary regulator of arterial blood pressure in the long term?

Accepted Answer

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Baroreceptors

Answer

Vasopressin

Question 2

Which of the following actions would decrease blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Dilatation of blood vessels

Answer

Activation of sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Release of vasopressin

Answer

Increased renin production

Question 3

Which condition triggers activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?

Accepted Answer

When blood volume is decreased

Answer

When blood pressure is high

Answer

When sodium levels are low

Answer

When angiotensin-converting enzyme is inhibited

Question 4

Where does angiotensin II primarily exert its action to increase blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle cells in blood vessels

Answer

Adrenal glands

Answer

Kidneys

Answer

Brain

Question 5

Which type of medication for hypertension works by blocking angiotensin II receptors?

Accepted Answer

Angiotensin II receptor blockers

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Diuretics

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a potential long-term consequence of untreated chronic hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced cognitive function

Answer

Heart attack

Answer

Stroke

Answer

Kidney failure

Question 7

What is the primary function of baroreceptors in blood pressure regulation?

Accepted Answer

To monitor changes in blood pressure and initiate appropriate responses

Answer

To secrete renin

Answer

To release vasopressin

Answer

To activate the sympathetic nervous system

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can increase blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Regular exercise

Answer

High sodium intake

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Stress

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Renin

Answer

Angiotensin I

Answer

Aldosterone

Question 10

What is the primary action of angiotensin II in the body?

Accepted Answer

To increase blood pressure

Answer

To decrease blood pressure

Answer

To regulate sodium balance

Answer

To stimulate hormone release

Question 11

Which of the following is the main way in which aldosterone regulates blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

By regulating sodium reabsorption in the kidneys

Answer

By regulating water reabsorption in the kidneys

Answer

By regulating hormone release from the adrenal glands

Answer

By regulating blood vessel diameter

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Confusion

Answer

Headaches

Answer

Dizziness

Answer

Shortness of breath

Question 13

What is the most common type of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Primary hypertension

Answer

Secondary hypertension

Answer

Resistant hypertension

Answer

Masked hypertension

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Cancer

Answer

Heart attack

Answer

Stroke

Answer

Kidney failure

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?

Accepted Answer

Endothelin-1

Answer

Renin

Answer

Angiotensin I

Answer

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

Question 16

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the adrenal cortex in response to increased renin activity?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Noradrenaline

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of the sympathetic nervous system in blood pressure regulation?

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstriction

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Decreased cardiac contractility

Answer

Reduced peripheral resistance

Question 18

Which of the following is a method used to measure blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Sphygmomanometer

Answer

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Answer

Doppler ultrasound

Answer

Echocardiogram

Question 19

How does activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system contribute to an increase in blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

It leads to increased production of angiotensin I and angiotensin II.

Answer

It causes vasodilation and increased salt and water excretion.

Answer

It causes a decrease in renin production.

Answer

It increases the production of bradykinin.

Question 20

The normal resting blood pressure range in adults is:

Accepted Answer

120/80 mmHg

Answer

90/60 mmHg

Answer

130/90 mmHg

Answer

150/100 mmHg

Question 21

Which component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system primarily causes blood vessels to narrow?

Accepted Answer

Angiotensin II

Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Renin

Answer

Bradykinin

Question 22

The body mainly compensates for acute hypotension by activating which system?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Answer

Increased vasodilation

Answer

Reduced cardiac output

Question 23

Which of the following medications is commonly used to treat hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Antidepressants

Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Statins

Question 24

For most adults with hypertension, the target blood pressure is:

Accepted Answer

Less than 130/80 mmHg

Answer

Less than 120/70 mmHg

Answer

Less than 140/90 mmHg

Answer

Less than 110/60 mmHg

Question 25

Which lifestyle change can be effective in lowering blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Smoking

Answer

Increased saturated fat intake

Answer

Excessive alcohol consumption

Question 26

Systolic blood pressure is the pressure in the arteries:

Accepted Answer

When the heart contracts

Answer

Between heartbeats

Answer

When the heart relaxes

Question 27

Which of the following is a potential serious complication of severe hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Stroke

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Hyponatremia