Cell Cycle and Division Quizzes - Physiology for MBBS Students

Question 1

During which mitotic phase do sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 2

Which characteristic does NOT apply to interphase?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear division

Answer

Cellular growth and metabolism

Answer

DNA replication

Answer

Preparation for mitosis

Question 3

In meiosis, how many daughter cells are produced, and what is their ploidy level?

Accepted Answer

4 daughter cells, haploid

Answer

2 daughter cells, diploid

Answer

4 daughter cells, diploid

Answer

2 daughter cells, haploid

Question 4

Which technique is commonly employed to visualize and analyze chromosomes during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Karyotyping

Answer

Flow cytometry

Answer

Immunohistochemistry

Answer

Western blotting

Question 5

What is the primary function of centromeres in chromosome segregation?

Accepted Answer

Providing attachment points for spindle fibers

Answer

Regulating gene expression

Answer

Maintaining chromosome structure

Answer

Initiating DNA replication

Question 6

Which of the following is a common cause of aneuploidy?

Accepted Answer

Nondisjunction during cell division

Answer

Gene mutations

Answer

Environmental toxins

Answer

Viral infections

Question 7

Which drug is commonly employed to inhibit cell cycle progression and induce apoptosis?

Accepted Answer

Paclitaxel

Answer

Aspirin

Answer

Ibuprofen

Answer

Paracetamol

Question 8

Explain the immediate and long-term consequences of errors during mitosis and meiosis on cell survival and overall organism health.

Accepted Answer

Immediate cell death and tissue damage

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of genetic disorders and cancer

Answer

Minimal impact on cell and organism health

Answer

Temporary effects on cell metabolism

Question 9

Which cell cycle checkpoint monitors the completion of DNA replication and prevents mitosis from proceeding if errors are detected?

Accepted Answer

G2 checkpoint

Answer

Metaphase checkpoint

Answer

Anaphase checkpoint

Answer

G1 checkpoint

Question 10

During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes align at the metaphase plate?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 11

Which type of cell division results in daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis I

Answer

Meiosis II

Answer

Binary fission

Question 12

Which of the following structures is responsible for forming the spindle apparatus in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

Microtubules

Answer

Actin filaments

Answer

Intermediate filaments

Answer

Nuclear envelope

Question 13

Which protein plays a crucial role in organizing chromosomes into compact structures during mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Condensins

Answer

Histones

Answer

Cyclins

Answer

Kinesins

Question 14

Which of the following is a potential consequence of uncontrolled cell division?

Accepted Answer

Cancer

Answer

Ageing

Answer

Apoptosis

Answer

Tissue regeneration

Question 15

What is the primary function of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Regulating the progression of cell cycle events

Answer

Activating CDK inhibitors

Answer

Repairing damaged DNA

Answer

Assembling the mitotic spindle

Question 16

Which technique provides a dynamic view of cell division in real-time?

Accepted Answer

Time-lapse microscopy

Answer

Immunofluorescence

Answer

Flow cytometry

Answer

Western blotting

Question 17

What is the primary function of cytokinesis in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

Separating cytoplasm and organelles

Answer

Distributing genetic material to daughter cells

Answer

Preventing aneuploidy

Answer

Initiating DNA replication

Question 18

In cell cycle analysis, what is a key application of flow cytometry?

Accepted Answer

Measuring DNA content of cells

Answer

Observing cell shape under a microscope

Answer

Determining enzyme activity in cells

Answer

Separating cells by size

Question 19

What are the potential consequences of aneuploidy?

Accepted Answer

Abnormal cell function or cell death

Answer

Increased cell proliferation

Answer

No impact on the cell

Answer

Delayed cell differentiation

Question 20

What is the primary function of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in cell cycle regulation?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorylate proteins to control cell cycle progression

Answer

Inhibit checkpoints

Answer

Replicate DNA

Question 21

In meiosis, which process results in the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Crossing-over

Answer

Independent assortment

Answer

Segregation

Answer

Recombination

Question 22

What is the role of telomeres in chromosome biology?

Accepted Answer

Protect the ends of chromosomes from degradation

Answer

Control the rate of DNA replication

Answer

Facilitate the separation of chromatids

Answer

Promote cell differentiation