Glomerular Filtration: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Physiology Students

Question 1

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the GFR?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 2

What is the force that drives ultrafiltration across the glomerular filtration barrier?

Accepted Answer

Net filtration pressure

Answer

Glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure

Answer

Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure

Answer

Glomerular colloid osmotic pressure

Question 3

How is assessing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) clinically relevant in managing patients with kidney disorders?

Accepted Answer

GFR helps identify patients at risk of developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Accepted Answer

GFR aids in screening and monitoring the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Accepted Answer

GFR guides appropriate dosing of medications primarily excreted by the kidneys.

Answer

GFR has no significant clinical implications for managing patients with kidney disorders.

Question 4

Which component is NOT part of the glomerular filtration barrier?

Accepted Answer

Mesangial cells

Answer

Glomerular endothelial cells

Answer

Basement membrane

Answer

Podocytes

Question 5

Which force is the primary driver of glomerular filtration?

Accepted Answer

Hydrostatic pressure

Answer

Osmotic pressure

Answer

Colloid osmotic pressure

Answer

Electrical potential

Question 6

What is the approximate range of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a healthy adult?

Accepted Answer

120-160 mL/min

Answer

60-80 mL/min

Answer

10-20 mL/min

Answer

2-4 mL/min

Question 7

What is the main function of the macula densa?

Accepted Answer

It regulates GFR through tubuloglomerular feedback

Answer

It produces renin, which stimulates the release of aldosterone

Answer

It helps to maintain the electrolyte balance of the glomerular filtrate

Answer

It controls the reabsorption of water in the proximal tubule

Question 8

Which of the following does NOT directly affect the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Accepted Answer

Kidney size

Answer

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure

Answer

Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure

Answer

Glomerular plasma flow rate

Question 9

What condition can cause proteinuria, indicating potential kidney issues?

Accepted Answer

Glomerulonephritis

Answer

Pyelonephritis

Answer

Urinary tract infection

Answer

Cystitis

Question 10

Which layer of the glomerular capillary wall acts as a mechanical barrier to prevent the passage of plasma proteins?

Accepted Answer

Basement membrane

Answer

Podocytes

Answer

Mesangial cells

Answer

Endothelial cells

Question 11

Which of the following factors plays a crucial role in determining the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Accepted Answer

Renal blood flow

Answer

Body mass index

Answer

Muscle mass

Answer

Age

Question 12

What is the primary function of the mesangial cells within the glomerulus?

Accepted Answer

Provide structural support and regulate blood flow

Answer

Synthesize the glomerular basement membrane

Answer

Filter plasma

Question 13

What is the main mechanism that prevents plasma proteins from entering the glomerular filtrate?

Accepted Answer

Size and charge exclusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Diffusion

Question 14

Which of the following conditions is associated with an elevated glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

Accepted Answer

Pregnancy

Answer

Chronic kidney disease

Answer

Diabetes mellitus

Answer

Heart failure

Question 15

What is the underlying pathophysiological mechanism of nephrotic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Increased glomerular permeability to proteins

Answer

Increased renin production

Answer

Reduced glomerular filtration rate

Answer

Inflammation of the renal tubules