Introduction to Research: Definition, Types, and Importance

Question 1

In medical research involving human participants, which of the following is NOT an essential ethical principle?

Accepted Answer

Exploitation

Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Confidentiality

Question 2

What is the primary distinction between qualitative and quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research seeks to comprehend experiences, while quantitative research focuses on numerical data analysis.

Answer

Qualitative research uses statistical analysis, whereas quantitative research uses non-numerical data.

Answer

Qualitative research is subjective, while quantitative research is objective.

Answer

Qualitative research is primarily conducted in controlled laboratory settings, whereas quantitative research is conducted in real-world environments.

Question 3

Why is it essential to critically evaluate research findings?

Accepted Answer

To identify potential biases and limitations that may affect the accuracy of the findings.

Answer

To determine the applicability of the results to wider populations.

Answer

To ensure the statistical significance of the research findings.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of evidence-based research?

Accepted Answer

Biased

Answer

Objective

Answer

Systematic

Answer

Ethical

Question 5

What is the primary purpose of research in medicine?

Accepted Answer

To advance medical knowledge and improve patient care

Answer

To develop new treatments and technologies

Answer

To generate revenue for pharmaceutical companies

Answer

To confirm existing medical beliefs

Question 6

Which type of research is most suited for exploring complex phenomena and gaining in-depth understanding?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research

Answer

Quantitative research

Answer

Mixed methods research

Answer

Action research

Question 7

What is the first step in the research process?

Accepted Answer

Identifying a research question

Answer

Collecting data

Answer

Analyzing data

Answer

Disseminating findings

Question 8

How does a hypothesis differ from a research question?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a specific prediction derived from a research question, while a research question is more general.

Answer

A research question is a specific prediction derived from a hypothesis, while a hypothesis is more general.

Answer

There is no fundamental difference between a hypothesis and a research question.

Answer

A hypothesis is a type of research question.

Question 9

What is a systematic review?

Accepted Answer

A comprehensive summary of findings from multiple research studies that follow a specific methodology.

Answer

A study that tests a specific hypothesis.

Answer

A study that follows participants over time.

Answer

A study that involves random assignment of participants.

Question 10

What is the primary role of peer review in research?

Accepted Answer

To ensure the quality, validity, and reliability of research findings.

Answer

To approve funding for research projects.

Answer

To disseminate research findings to the public.

Answer

To conduct research studies.

Question 11

How does research contribute to evidence-based practice in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

By providing scientific evidence to guide clinical decisions and improve patient outcomes.

Answer

By developing new technologies and treatments.

Answer

By training healthcare professionals.

Answer

By improving patient access to healthcare.

Question 12

Which of the following best defines research?

Accepted Answer

A systematic investigation to establish facts and knowledge

Answer

A random collection of information

Answer

A subjective interpretation of events

Question 13

What is the primary objective of basic research?

Accepted Answer

To expand knowledge and comprehension

Answer

To make recommendations for policy or practice

Answer

To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions

Answer

To address practical problems

Question 14

Which characteristic is unique to quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

Uses numerical data and statistical analysis

Answer

Focuses on understanding individual experiences

Answer

Relies on subjective interpretations and descriptions

Answer

Employs qualitative methods such as interviews

Question 15

How does theory contribute to research?

Accepted Answer

Provides a framework for interpreting results and guiding future research

Answer

Dictates the specific methods that must be used

Answer

Is irrelevant to the research process

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a well-structured hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Smoking cigarettes increases the risk of developing lung cancer.

Answer

I believe that climate change is caused by human activity.

Answer

The population of the Earth is growing exponentially.

Question 17

Which of the following is a potential limitation of research?

Accepted Answer

Results may not be generalizable to other populations or situations

Answer

Research findings are always objective and unbiased

Answer

Research is always time-consuming and expensive

Question 18

What is the primary purpose of peer review in research?

Accepted Answer

To ensure the quality and validity of research findings

Answer

To promote competition and rivalry among researchers

Answer

To ensure that only large-scale research projects are reviewed

Question 19

Which of the following is a key benefit of conducting research?

Accepted Answer

Contributes to the advancement of knowledge and understanding

Answer

Provides definite answers to all questions

Answer

Always leads to immediate practical applications

Question 20

What is the ultimate aim of research?

Accepted Answer

To contribute to the body of knowledge and benefit society

Answer

To prove or disprove personal beliefs

Answer

To obtain a degree or promotion

Question 21

What is the most accurate definition of research?

Accepted Answer

A systematic and rigorous investigation to establish facts, principles, and theories.

Answer

A random collection of data and opinions.

Answer

A one-time observation or measurement.

Question 22

Which of the following is the primary objective of quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

To test hypotheses and generalize findings to a larger population.

Answer

To explore complex phenomena in depth.

Answer

To develop new theories and concepts.

Answer

To understand individual experiences and perspectives.

Question 23

Which is NOT a characteristic of high-quality research?

Accepted Answer

Bias

Answer

Validity

Answer

Reliability

Answer

Generalizability

Question 24

What is the primary role of the literature review in research?

Accepted Answer

To synthesize existing knowledge, identify research gaps, and provide context for the current study.

Answer

To prove or disprove the researcher's hypothesis.

Answer

To introduce new research methods and techniques.

Question 25

Which research design is most appropriate for investigating a cause-and-effect relationship between variables?

Accepted Answer

Experimental

Answer

Observational

Answer

Qualitative

Answer

Correlational

Question 26

What is the main purpose of data analysis in research?

Accepted Answer

To identify patterns, trends, and relationships within the data, and draw meaningful conclusions.

Answer

To generate additional data for further analysis.

Answer

To verify the researcher's initial assumptions.

Question 27

What is the fundamental difference between research and practice?

Accepted Answer

Research aims to generate new knowledge and theories, while practice applies existing knowledge to solve real-world problems.

Answer

Research is theoretical, while practice is practical.

Answer

Research is subjective, while practice is objective.