Lower Limb Anatomy: Master the Bones, Muscles, and Joints

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT an action performed by the gluteus maximus muscle?

Accepted Answer

Flexing the knee

Answer

Extending the hip

Answer

Rotating the hip externally

Answer

Abducting the thigh

Question 2

What is the name of the joint at which the femur meets the tibia?

Accepted Answer

Knee joint

Answer

Hip joint

Answer

Ankle joint

Answer

Tarsal joint

Question 3

Which of the following bones is NOT found in the tarsus?

Accepted Answer

Scaphoid

Answer

Calcaneus

Answer

Talus

Answer

Navicular

Question 4

Which of the following muscles everts the foot?

Accepted Answer

Peroneus longus

Answer

Tibialis anterior

Answer

Gastrocnemius

Answer

Soleus

Question 5

What is the name of the fibrous band connecting the tibia and the fibula?

Accepted Answer

Interosseous membrane

Answer

Patellar ligament

Answer

Medial collateral ligament

Answer

Achilles tendon

Question 6

Which nerve innervates the majority of muscles in the thigh?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Answer

Sciatic nerve

Answer

Peroneal nerve

Answer

Tibial nerve

Question 7

What is the condition called when the foot is abnormally positioned inward?

Accepted Answer

Clubfoot

Answer

Flatfoot

Answer

Hammertoes

Answer

Bunions

Question 8

Which bone articulates with the proximal end of the fibula?

Accepted Answer

Tibia

Answer

Femur

Answer

Patella

Answer

Calcaneus

Question 9

Which of the following muscle groups is responsible for extending the knee joint?

Accepted Answer

Quadriceps

Answer

Hamstrings

Answer

Calves

Answer

Gluteals

Question 10

Which nerve provides innervation to the skin of the lateral malleolus?

Accepted Answer

Superficial peroneal nerve

Answer

Common peroneal nerve

Answer

Tibial nerve

Answer

Saphenous nerve

Question 11

Which bone forms the medial malleolus?

Accepted Answer

Tibia

Answer

Fibula

Answer

Talus

Answer

Calcaneus

Question 12

Which artery is responsible for supplying blood to the thigh?

Accepted Answer

Femoral artery

Answer

Popliteal artery

Answer

Peroneal artery

Answer

Tibial artery

Question 13

Which muscle group is responsible for abducting the hip joint?

Accepted Answer

Gluteals

Answer

Hamstrings

Answer

Quadriceps

Answer

Adductors

Question 14

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexing the hip?

Accepted Answer

Iliopsoas

Answer

Gluteus maximus

Answer

Hamstrings

Answer

Quadriceps

Question 15

Which bone articulates with the femur to form the knee joint?

Accepted Answer

Tibia

Answer

Patella

Answer

Fibula

Answer

Tarsals

Question 16

What type of synovial joint is the ankle joint?

Accepted Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Question 17

Which of the following muscles is the most superficial in the calf?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius

Answer

Soleus

Answer

Tibialis anterior

Answer

Peroneus longus

Question 18

Which artery is the primary blood supply to the lower limb?

Accepted Answer

Femoral artery

Answer

Popliteal artery

Answer

Tibial artery

Answer

Dorsal foot artery

Question 19

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system in the lower limb?

Accepted Answer

Fluid drainage and immune response

Answer

Nutrient absorption

Answer

Hormone secretion

Answer

Thermoregulation

Question 20

Which nerve innervates the quadriceps muscle group?

Accepted Answer

Femoral nerve

Answer

Sciatic nerve

Answer

Tibial nerve

Answer

Common peroneal nerve

Question 21

What is the most common cause of heel pain characterized by inflammation of the plantar fascia?

Accepted Answer

Plantar fasciitis

Answer

Achilles tendinitis

Answer

Shin splints

Answer

Patellofemoral pain syndrome

Question 22

Which imaging technique is primarily used to visualize bone structures in the lower limb?

Accepted Answer

X-ray

Answer

MRI

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

CT scan

Question 23

Which muscles are the primary muscles responsible for plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the foot?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Answer

Tibialis anterior and peroneus longus

Answer

Hamstrings and quadriceps

Question 24

Which nerves are responsible for the innervation of the lower limb?

Accepted Answer

Peroneal, Femoral, Saphenous, Tibial

Answer

Ulnar, Median, Radial, Common Peroneal

Answer

Supraorbital, Pectoral, Sciatic, Pudendal

Answer

Facial, Accessory, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus

Question 25

Which long bone articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis to form the hip joint?

Accepted Answer

Femur

Answer

Patella

Answer

Fibula

Answer

Tibia

Question 26

Which of the following muscles primarily flexes the knee joint?

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings

Answer

Gluteus maximus

Answer

Vastus lateralis

Answer

Gastrocnemius

Question 27

What is the name of the strong fibrous joint that connects the tibia and fibula?

Accepted Answer

Interosseous membrane

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 28

Which group of ligaments prevents excessive lateral movement of the ankle joint?

Accepted Answer

Lateral ligaments

Answer

Cruciate ligaments

Answer

Plantar ligaments

Answer

Medial ligaments

Question 29

What is the primary function of the plantar fascia?

Accepted Answer

Supports and maintains the arch of the foot

Answer

Everts the foot

Answer

Inverts the foot

Answer

Dorsiflexes the foot

Question 30

Which of the following is the smallest and most numerous type of bone in the foot?

Accepted Answer

Sesamoid bone

Answer

Metatarsal

Answer

Phalanx

Answer

Tarsal

Question 31

Name the deep groove located posteriorly on the femur where major blood vessels and a nerve pass.

Accepted Answer

Popliteal fossa

Answer

Intercondylar fossa

Answer

Trochanteric fossa

Answer

Acetabular fossa

Question 32

Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for plantarflexion of the foot?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius

Answer

Peroneus longus

Answer

Tibialis anterior

Answer

Quadriceps femoris

Question 33

Which bone forms the protruding part of the heel?

Accepted Answer

Calcaneus

Answer

Talus

Answer

Cuboid

Answer

Navicular

Question 34

Which of the following types of joint is characterized by the presence of a fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones?

Accepted Answer

Syndesmosis

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Question 35

Which bone in the lower limb has the greatest length?

Accepted Answer

Femur

Answer

Tibia

Answer

Patella

Answer

Fibula

Question 36

Which type of synovial joint is the knee joint, which allows for flexion and extension movements?

Accepted Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Pivot joint

Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Answer

Saddle joint

Question 37

Which nerve primarily innervates the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg, which is located at the front of the lower leg?

Accepted Answer

Common fibular nerve

Answer

Femoral nerve

Answer

Sciatic nerve

Answer

Obturator nerve

Question 38

Which artery is the primary source of blood supply to the foot?

Accepted Answer

Dorsalis pedis artery

Answer

Femoral artery

Answer

Popliteal artery

Question 39

Which structure within the knee joint is primarily responsible for providing stability and shock absorption?

Accepted Answer

Meniscus

Answer

Tendon

Answer

Cartilage

Answer

Ligament

Question 40

What is the primary function of the peroneal tendons, which run along the outer side of the lower leg?

Accepted Answer

Eversion of the foot

Answer

Extension of the ankle

Answer

Inversion of the foot

Answer

Flexion of the toes

Question 41

Which bone forms the prominence on the outer side of the ankle, known as the lateral malleolus?

Accepted Answer

Fibula

Answer

Calcaneus

Answer

Talus

Answer

Tibia

Question 42

Which arch of the foot is formed by the calcaneus, talus, and navicular bones, and supports the body's weight during standing and walking?

Accepted Answer

Medial longitudinal arch

Answer

Lateral longitudinal arch

Answer

Transverse arch

Answer

Calcaneal arch

Question 43

Which muscle is responsible for inverting the foot, or turning the sole inward?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis posterior

Answer

Peroneus longus

Answer

Soleus

Answer

Gastrocnemius