Master Research Principles: Health and Social Care Advanced Diploma

Question 1

What is the main purpose of a literature review in research?

Accepted Answer

To summarize and analyze existing research on a specific topic

Answer

To collect primary data from participants

Answer

To develop a new theory or conceptual framework

Answer

To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention

Question 2

What is the primary difference between a hypothesis and a research question?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a specific, testable statement, while a research question is broad and exploratory

Answer

A research question is a specific, testable statement, while a hypothesis is broad and exploratory

Answer

There is no difference between a hypothesis and a research question

Answer

A hypothesis can only be used in quantitative research, while a research question can be used in both qualitative and quantitative research

Question 3

Which sampling technique is appropriate for a qualitative study that aims to gather in-depth information from a small group of individuals?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling

Answer

Random sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Answer

Cluster sampling

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of using data triangulation in research?

Accepted Answer

To enhance the validity and reliability of findings by gathering data from multiple sources

Answer

To reduce the risk of bias in data collection

Answer

To collect data from a wider range of participants

Answer

To simplify data analysis

Question 5

What is the primary aim of quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

To generate numerical data and test hypotheses to draw generalizable conclusions

Answer

To gain an in-depth understanding of individual experiences and perspectives

Answer

To explore complex social phenomena and uncover patterns

Answer

To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions and policies

Question 6

Which qualitative research method is commonly used to collect data through face-to-face conversations?

Accepted Answer

Interview

Answer

Observation

Answer

Survey

Answer

Randomized controlled trial

Question 7

In experimental research, which variable is manipulated by the researcher?

Accepted Answer

The independent variable

Answer

The dependent variable

Answer

The controlled variable

Answer

The extraneous variable

Question 8

Which stage in the research process is NOT essential?

Accepted Answer

Writing a personal journal

Answer

Identifying a research question

Answer

Conducting a literature review

Answer

Collecting data

Question 9

What is the main goal of a literature review?

Accepted Answer

To provide a comprehensive overview of existing knowledge and identify research gaps

Answer

To generate new research ideas

Answer

To validate the findings of a particular study

Answer

To establish the researcher's credibility

Question 10

Which research method is most appropriate for exploring the lived experiences of individuals?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative interview

Answer

Quantitative survey

Answer

Systematic review

Answer

Meta-analysis

Question 11

When selecting a data collection method, which factor should be the primary consideration?

Accepted Answer

The research question

Answer

The availability of resources

Answer

The methodological rigor of the method

Answer

The researcher's preference

Question 12

What is the primary purpose of conducting a pilot study?

Accepted Answer

To test the feasibility and validity of the research design

Answer

To collect preliminary data

Answer

To refine the research question

Answer

To secure funding for the main study

Question 13

In research, which statistical test is used to compare the means of two independent groups?

Accepted Answer

t-test

Answer

ANOVA

Answer

Chi-square test

Answer

Correlation

Question 14

What is a key advantage of using a qualitative approach in research?

Accepted Answer

In-depth understanding of complex phenomena

Answer

Generalizability of findings

Answer

Objective measurement of variables

Answer

Replication of results

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a key principle of ethical research?

Accepted Answer

Validity

Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Objectivity

Question 16

Which of the following is a common data collection method in qualitative research?

Accepted Answer

Observational studies

Answer

Surveys

Answer

Closed-ended questionnaires

Answer

Meta-analysis

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT an effective approach to minimizing bias in research?

Accepted Answer

Excluding outliers from analysis

Answer

Using a control group

Answer

Randomizing participants

Answer

Using a large sample size

Question 18

What is the main goal of data analysis in research?

Accepted Answer

To summarise and interpret data

Answer

To collect additional data

Answer

To present findings

Answer

To validate the research design

Question 19

What is the distinction between a hypothesis and a research question?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a specific prediction, while a research question is general

Answer

A research question is a specific prediction, while a hypothesis is general

Answer

There is no difference between a hypothesis and a research question

Answer

A hypothesis is testable, while a research question is not

Question 20

Which research method typically involves numerical data and statistical analysis?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative research

Answer

Qualitative research

Answer

Mixed methods research

Answer

Experimental research

Question 21

What is the main purpose of a research proposal?

Accepted Answer

To outline the research plan and justify its significance

Answer

To present final research findings

Answer

To secure funding for the research project

Answer

To evaluate the effectiveness of the research methods

Question 22

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using mixed methods research?

Accepted Answer

Increased data collection time

Answer

Increased triangulation and validity

Answer

Improved generalizability

Answer

Enhanced understanding of the research topic

Question 23

What is the fundamental difference between qualitative and quantitative research paradigms?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research is based on subjective interpretation, while quantitative research relies on objective, numerical data.

Answer

Quantitative research is based on subjective interpretation, while qualitative research relies on objective, numerical data.

Answer

Qualitative research is inductive, while quantitative research is deductive.

Answer

Qualitative research is deductive, while quantitative research is inductive.

Question 24

What is the primary goal of data collection in research?

Accepted Answer

To gather relevant information for addressing the research question.

Answer

To prove or disprove a hypothesis based on existing evidence.

Answer

To generalize findings to a broader population beyond the study participants.

Answer

To establish a comprehensive database for future reference and analysis.

Question 25

Which of the following research methods is categorized as qualitative?

Accepted Answer

Interview-based research involving in-depth conversations with participants.

Answer

Survey research utilizing standardized questionnaires.

Answer

Experimental research involving controlled manipulation of variables.

Answer

Observational research involving systematic observation of behaviors or events.

Question 26

Define the key characteristics of scientific research, excluding which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Subjectivity

Answer

Objectivity

Answer

Rigor

Answer

Replication

Question 27

Identify the research method that involves observing human behavior in its natural setting:

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation

Answer

Interviews

Answer

Questionnaires

Answer

Experimental studies

Question 28

Define the statistical process of comparing groups to determine significant differences as:

Accepted Answer

Hypothesis testing

Answer

Data collection

Answer

Data analysis

Answer

Sampling

Question 29

Define the hypothesis that is assumed true until proven false:

Accepted Answer

The hypothesis that is assumed to be true until proven false

Answer

The hypothesis that is being tested

Answer

The hypothesis that is supported by the data

Answer

The hypothesis that is rejected by the data

Question 30

Define the process of interpreting and assigning meaning to research findings as:

Accepted Answer

Data interpretation

Answer

Data analysis

Answer

Hypothesis testing

Answer

Data collection

Question 31

Which of the following is a qualitative research method?

Accepted Answer

Grounded theory

Answer

Experimental studies

Answer

Quantitative analysis

Answer

Observational studies

Question 32

When sharing research findings, which ethical principle holds the highest priority?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the privacy of participants

Answer

Enhancing participant recruitment

Answer

Publishing in prestigious journals

Question 33

Which research approach is best for understanding personal experiences and feelings on a sensitive health topic?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative approach

Answer

Quantitative approach

Answer

Mixed methods approach

Answer

Experimental approach

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a stage in the research process?

Accepted Answer

Implementation

Answer

Data collection

Answer

Planning

Answer

Data analysis

Question 35

What is the primary purpose of a literature review?

Accepted Answer

To provide background information and context for a research study.

Answer

To analyze research findings.

Answer

To collect data for a research study.

Question 36

Which of the following is a key ethical consideration in research?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Time efficiency

Answer

Generalizability

Answer

Cost-effectiveness

Question 37

What is the key difference between a hypothesis and a research question?

Accepted Answer

A hypothesis is a specific, testable prediction, while a research question is a broader, more general inquiry.

Answer

A hypothesis and a research question are essentially the same thing.

Answer

A research question is a specific, testable prediction, while a hypothesis is a broader, more general inquiry.

Question 38

What is the primary purpose of sampling in research?

Accepted Answer

To select a representative subset of a population for study.

Answer

To present research findings.

Answer

To collect data from every member of a population.

Answer

To analyze data from a research study.

Question 39

Which of the following is a characteristic of quantitative data?

Accepted Answer

Numerical data that can be statistically analyzed.

Answer

Non-numerical data that is typically descriptive.

Answer

Data that is collected through observation.

Answer

Data that is collected through interviews.

Question 40

What is the role of a researcher in a research study?

Accepted Answer

To design, conduct, analyze, and interpret the study.

Answer

To only write a report on the study.

Answer

To solely interpret the findings of the study.

Answer

To solely collect data from participants.

Question 41

What is the distinction between reliability and validity in research?

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency of a measure, while validity refers to the accuracy of a measure.

Answer

Validity refers to the consistency of a measure, while reliability refers to the accuracy of a measure.

Question 42

Which of the following is an example of a qualitative research approach?

Accepted Answer

Participant observation

Answer

Experiment

Answer

Questionnaire