Carbohydrates for Fuel: Powering Performance in Sports

Question 1

Identify the option that is not a type of carbohydrate:

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Simple carbohydrates

Answer

Complex carbohydrates

Answer

Dietary fiber

Question 2

Which of these is a polysaccharide that the body uses to store carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Cellulose

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Fructose

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT classified as a carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Triglyceride

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Lactose

Answer

Starch

Question 4

What is the primary enzyme responsible for the breakdown of starch in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Protease

Answer

Lactase

Question 5

What is the recommended hourly carbohydrate intake for athletes during prolonged, high-intensity exercise?

Accepted Answer

1.2-1.7 grams per kilogram of body weight

Answer

0.5-1.0 grams per kilogram of body weight

Answer

2.0-2.5 grams per kilogram of body weight

Answer

3.0-3.5 grams per kilogram of body weight

Question 6

What is the primary storage form of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Cellulose

Answer

Starch

Answer

Fructose

Question 7

Which of the following is considered a low-glycemic index carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

White bread

Answer

Potato

Answer

Honey

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a type of carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Starch

Answer

Glycogen

Question 9

Where is glycogen primarily stored in the body?

Accepted Answer

Muscles and liver

Answer

Stomach and intestines

Answer

Pancreas and kidneys

Answer

Bones and joints

Question 10

Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down complex carbohydrates, like starch, into smaller molecules like glucose?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lactase

Answer

Protease

Answer

Lipase

Question 11

What is the primary function of carbohydrates during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Provide energy

Answer

Build muscle mass

Answer

Enhance flexibility

Answer

Improve hydration

Question 12

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the rate at which carbohydrates are absorbed into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Blood sugar levels

Answer

Type and complexity of carbohydrate

Answer

Food preparation method

Answer

Amount of fiber in the food

Question 13

What is the process by which the body converts carbohydrates into glucose?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Proteolysis

Question 14

Which type of carbohydrate is most rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, making it a suitable choice for pre-workout nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Fructose

Answer

Galactose

Answer

Maltose

Question 15

Why is it beneficial for athletes to consume carbohydrates with a high glycemic index prior to a workout?

Accepted Answer

Provides a rapid source of energy to support performance

Answer

Reduces the risk of muscle cramps

Answer

Improves endurance

Answer

Prevents dehydration

Question 16

Chronic endurance training triggers physiological adaptations. Which adaptation is crucial for carbohydrate metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Increased glycogen storage and enhanced glucose uptake

Answer

Boosted gluconeogenesis and reduced glycolysis

Answer

Decreased glycogen synthesis and impaired glucose tolerance

Answer

No significant changes in carbohydrate metabolism

Question 17

What is the primary source of energy for the body during prolonged exercise?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Protein

Answer

Fat

Answer

Vitamins

Question 18

Which process breaks down carbohydrates into glucose molecules?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Proteolysis

Answer

Lipolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 19

What type of carbohydrate is mainly stored in the liver and muscles?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Starch

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Cellulose

Question 20

What hormone promotes glucose uptake into muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Glucagon

Question 21

By what process does the body convert non-carbohydrate sources into glucose?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Glycogenolysis

Answer

Proteolysis

Answer

Lipolysis

Question 22

Are carbohydrates essential for optimal recovery after exercise?

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 23

For endurance athletes, which type of carbohydrate supplement has the greatest impact on performance during prolonged exercise?

Accepted Answer

Sports drinks

Answer

Fructose

Answer

Starch