Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems for Sports Science: Advanced Diploma

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a stage in the normal heart cycle?

Accepted Answer

Ventricular relaxation

Answer

Atrial contraction

Answer

Ventricular filling

Answer

Ventricular contraction

Question 2

Which of the following is not a primary function of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Movement of limbs

Answer

Transport of nutrients and oxygen

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Answer

Removal of waste products

Question 3

What structure separates the left and right ventricles of the heart, preventing mixing of blood?

Accepted Answer

Interventricular septum

Answer

Aorta

Answer

Pulmonary artery

Answer

Mitral valve

Question 4

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Answer

Production of red blood cells

Answer

Detoxification of blood

Question 5

Which of the following is not part of the conducting zone of the respiratory system, responsible for transporting air?

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Nose

Answer

Larynx

Answer

Trachea

Question 6

What is the significance of the Bohr effect?

Accepted Answer

It enhances the transport of oxygen in the blood

Answer

It inhibits the release of carbon dioxide from the blood

Answer

It regulates the heart rate during exercise

Answer

It has no significant physiological role

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Regulation of blood pH

Answer

Ventilation

Question 8

Which of the following accurately describes the function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?

Accepted Answer

RAAS involves a series of hormone releases, including renin from the kidneys, angiotensin from the lungs, and aldosterone from the adrenal glands.

Answer

RAAS increases blood pressure by causing blood vessels to widen.

Answer

RAAS is less important in regulating blood pressure than the sympathetic nervous system.

Answer

RAAS is only activated during exercise to raise blood pressure.

Question 9

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Transport of nutrients

Answer

Exchange of gases

Answer

Regulation of blood pH

Answer

Removal of waste products

Question 10

What is the term for the ability of the heart muscle to contract forcibly?

Accepted Answer

Inotropy

Answer

Cardiac adaptation

Answer

Hypertrophy

Answer

Chronotropy

Question 11

What is the name of the blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body?

Accepted Answer

Artery

Answer

Vein

Answer

Capillary

Answer

Lymph vessel

Question 12

Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Trachea

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Diaphragm

Question 13

What is the term for the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac output

Answer

Stroke volume

Answer

Ejection fraction

Answer

Heart rate

Question 14

How does the respiratory system help regulate blood pH by controlling carbon dioxide levels?

Accepted Answer

The respiratory system removes excess hydrogen ions by exhaling carbon dioxide.

Answer

The respiratory system absorbs oxygen from the blood, which does not affect blood pH.

Answer

The respiratory system releases bicarbonate ions into the blood, which does not affect blood pH.

Answer

The respiratory system filters waste products from the blood, which does not affect blood pH.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

Storage of red blood cells

Answer

Transport of nutrients and oxygen

Answer

Removal of waste products

Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 16

The heart is divided into four chambers. Which of the following is the correct flow of blood through these chambers?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

Answer

Left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle

Answer

Right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle

Answer

Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle

Question 17

Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body?

Accepted Answer

Arteries

Answer

Veins

Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Lymphatics

Question 18

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and body tissues occurs in which structure?

Accepted Answer

Capillaries

Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Veins

Answer

Arteries

Question 19

Which of the following is a primary function of the diaphragm?

Accepted Answer

Inhalation

Answer

Exhalation

Answer

Gas exchange

Answer

Blood filtration

Question 20

The volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a maximal inspiration is known as:

Accepted Answer

Vital capacity

Answer

Residual volume

Answer

Total lung capacity

Answer

Tidal volume

Question 21

Which organ is responsible for pumping blood throughout the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

Heart

Answer

Lungs

Answer

Liver

Answer

Brain

Question 22

Which type of blood cell is responsible for carrying oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cell

Answer

Plasma cell

Answer

White blood cell

Answer

Platelet

Question 23

What is the process by which gases are exchanged between the blood and the tissues?

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Filtration

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Active transport

Question 24

Which muscle is primarily responsible for inhalation?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

Bicep

Answer

Quadriceps

Answer

Hamstring

Question 25

What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Bronchi

Answer

Trachea

Question 26

What is the term for the increase in blood flow to a muscle during exercise?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation

Answer

Hyperventilation

Answer

Hypoxia

Answer

Vasoconstriction

Question 27

What is the term for the volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a full inhalation?

Accepted Answer

Vital capacity

Answer

Residual volume

Answer

Tidal volume

Answer

Inspiratory reserve volume